I-Gerbera iyimbali ethandwayo ekutshalweni kwekhaya nokulima. Noma kunjalo, enkundleni evulekile kunzima kakhulu ukuyikhula kunasekhaya.
Imbewu yekhwalithi - lena enye yezimo eziyinhloko zokulima kweJarbera ingadi. Uma ulawula ukuzithola, isayithi lakho lizohlotshwa ngezindawo ezikhanyayo zezimbali ezinkulu, ezinhle kakhulu.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ezikhulile engadini?
UGerbera - owendabuko wase-Afrika, ngakho-ke, ngempela u-thermophilic. Ikhula kahle ezindlini zokugcina izithombo kanye nokugcina izithombo. Ezimweni zomhlaba ovulekile kungenzeka ukuthi akhule zonke izinhlobo.
Izinhlobo ezincane kakhulu ezizalwe ezincane zingatshalwa ezindaweni zokulima. Azinzima kakhulu kwezimo.
Iningi elifanele engadini uJerber Jamson. Uyena ohlala njalo ezimweni zomgwaqo. Inesitembu esifushane nesistimu enamandla yezimpande. Ngosizo lokuwela izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zezitshalo lezi zensimu ziye zavuthwa.
Ngokungafani negumbi, i-gerbera yensimu ikhula kuphela ngamamentimitha angu-30 ukuphakama.
Izinhlobo ze-gerberas engadini:
UGerber Wright. Okuhle kakhulu ekukhuleni endaweni yokushisa. I-capricious ne-whimsical, idinga umoya omuhle we-ventilation kanye nomanyolo ojwayelekile.
Iqabunga elihlaza. I-Ancestor yazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo.
UGerber Jameson. Ukuphakama kungafinyelela ku-60 cm, ikhula kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya kuNovemba, ihlukaniswe ngemibala ehlukahlukene.
Abyssinian. Akuyona enkulu kakhulu, enezimbali ezimhlophe, ngezinye izikhathi nge-tint ebomvu.
Izici zokukhula
Le mbali, ngenxa yemvelaphi yayo, ifuna kakhulu izimo. Uthanda ukushisa nomswakama.
Lesi sitshalo asibekezelele amaqhwa, kungabi yiziqhwa ze-Middle Strip, ngakho-ke singalinywa kuphela njengonyaka. Ngesikhathi sasebusika bayibumba njenge dahlias noma i-begonias.
Isikhathi sokufika
Kutshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile kunconywa lapho usongo lweqhwa seludlulile, ngoba ngisho i-spell ekhulayo yesikhathi esifushane ingabhubhisa lesi sitshalo. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa izinsuku zokutshala isikhathi sokutshala imifino enomlilo: ukhukhamba, utamatisi, ama-eggplant. Ngokuvamile, lena yiminyaka eyishumi edlule kaMeyi kanye noJuni wokuqala. Uma utshala kamuva, imbali izojabulisa iso lakho isikhathi esifushane.
Indawo yokufika
Uma ukhetha indawo, kudingeka uhlole ukuthi ivikelwe yini emoyeni. Ngokutshala ngqo emhlabathini, khetha indawo elimbozwe ucingo, intaba yombumba, udonga. Lokhu kuzovumela ukucima imbali ukushaya umoya obandayo. Ungatshala imbali emgodini ongajulile, uma nje ungaqongeleli amanzi.
Isayithi kufanele futhi libekwe ngokugcwele ngelanga ngelilanga. Kusuka kulokho indlela ama-rays ashaya ngayo kuxhomeke ekukhuleni kwesitshalo.
Izidingo zomhlaba
Umxube womhlaba wezitshalo okudingekayo futhi okunomsoco. Hlanganisa i-peat, i-sand and sheet yezingxenye ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo, engeza kancane ochotshoziwe i-pine bark. Beka ungqimba lwamanzi emgodini. Bese ugcwalise nge-substrate elungiselelwe. Ungasebenzisa ukuthenga okukhethekile kwenhlabathi ye-gerberas, noma i-roses.
Ukushisa nomswakama wokukhula
Qinisekisa ukuthi imbali ayiqedi. Khetha isikhathi sokufika lapho amazinga okushisa ebusuku nobusuku ahluke kakhulu.
Uma kungazelelwe phakathi kwehlobo kufika i-snap eqinile ebandayo, Lesi sitshalo kufanele sihlanganiswe njengoba uhlanganisa imifino ye-thermophilic. Lungiselela uhlaka lwama-arcs bese umboza izimbali ebusuku ngobuningi bokuhlanganisa.
Umswakama womoya onamanzi okwanele wokubilisa imbali akubalulekile. Kodwa uma i-gerbera itshalwe emthunzini, iyobola ngesikhathi sezulu. Uma intwasahlobo nehlobo zipholile futhi ziwa, ziphatheke nge-fungicide.
Imithetho yokunisela
Ikakhulukazi ifuna i-gerbera ukuba ifinyelele ngesikhathi sokukhula kweqabunga kanye neqoqo lefihlekile. Lapho nje izimbali zivela. Ukunisela kuyancipha. Ngesikhathi sokukhula lapho uchelela ukuqapha isimo somhlabathi, ngoba le mbali ayikubekezeli kokubili ukoma ngokweqile kanye namanzi.
Kufanele iphuze kuphela empande, ingavumeli ukuguguleka komhlabathi. Uma ukuchelela, amanzi akufanele awele emasakeni, angakwazi ukubola kuwo.
Ungadla kanjani?
I-Gerbera ayibekezelelisi okweqile kwamanyolo aphilayo, ama-flower stalks azokwelula kuwo, futhi izimbali ziyoba zincane, futhi isitshalo ngokwalo siba sisengozini ezifweni.
Ungondla isitshalo nge-mullein izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ukutshala kufanele kanye ngamasonto amabili Isixazululo esibuthakathaka sezinto ezimbiwa ngamaminerali Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwalesi sihlahla kuyisibopho, njengokungathi uhlelo lokudla luphazamiseka, umphumela walo wokuhlobisa wehla. Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise izingxube eziyinkimbinkimbi zezitshalo zezimbali zokuhlobisa. Ngemuva kwemifino, ukuphaka kume.
Mayelana nokuntuleka noma ngokweqile kwanoma yiziphi izinto i-gerbera eyenza izimbali ziguqule ukubukeka:
- Izimbali ezinzima, ithoni elikhanyayo lensimbi encane neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kumaqabunga endala - ukungabi ne-nitrogen.
- Isethi esebenzayo yamaqabunga amaqabunga ukulimaza izimbali kuyinani elidlula i-nitrogen.
- Amaqabunga ahlehlise, alahlekelwe ukukhanya kwawo, emaphethelweni aphendule obunundu - ukungabi khona kwe-phosphorus.
- Ukunciphisa amahlamvu nama-infrorescences okusabalalisa kungukuntuleka kwe-potassium.
- I-Yellowing yamagqabi, i-fragility yayo, ukunyamala kwezimpande - ukuhlushwa okuncane okusobala emhlabathini.
- I-Golden streaks emaqabunga, ukuphakama kwamaqabunga amaqabunga, futhi ukuphazamiseka kamuva kwamaqabunga - ukungabi khona kwe-magnesium.
- I-matte, emnyama kakhulu. Masinya amaqabunga aphezulu ngobuso bomhlaba - i-magnesium kakhulu.
- Ukuphulukisa emaphethelweni amaqabunga amancane, aphelile, ama-inflorescences amancane - ukungabi nethusi.
- Ukukhula okuncane, amaqabunga amaqabunga - ukuntuleka kwe-boron.
- Ukomiswa kwamaphethelo amaqabunga endala, umbala wabo omuncu - okweqile kwe-boron.
Ukunakekelwa ngesikhathi sezimbali
Ama-blooms ezitshalo kusukela ngoJuni kuya ku-Agasti. Iqhakaza emva kokukhula ngokwanele kwe-leaf leaf. Inombolo nobukhulu bombala kuxhomeke ekushiseni okukhanyayo nomoya.
Uma ufuna ubuhle bakho ihluma isikhathi eside futhi iningi, susa ama-inflorescences athambile. Lokhu kunomthelela ekusungulweni kwefihlekile ezintsha. Sika iziqu ezomile ezincane ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaphandle kwalokho i-hemp ingalala.
Yeka kanjani ama-winters?
Ngaphambi kweqhwa, ekupheleni kukaSeptemba, i-gerbera ukumba ngebhola elikhulu lomhlaba bese efakwa ebhodweni. Ebusika kufakwa endaweni epholile, eyomile.
Phakathi nesikhathi sokuphumula, manzi amanzi izikhathi eziningana, uhlanza kancane umhlabathi.
Ukubhakabhaka kwawo endaweni engaphansi kuyoba kuhle. Uma kungenasisekelo, thola indawo emnyama, epholile, isibonelo, ngaphansi komnyango wokuvolon. Watshala imbali endaweni evulekile, ngokushesha nje lapho usongo lweqhwa seludlulile.
Ubuchwepheshe bokukhula kwama-greenhouse
Ukushisa - indawo ephelele ye-gerberas ekhulayo. Ezimweni zalo, ungakwazi ukulungisa izinga lokushisa: cishe ama-degrees angu-25 ehlobo, 20 ekwindla nasentwasahlobo, ngo-16-17 ebusika.
Flower ikhula kahle ngaphansi kwelanga eliqondile, kodwa uma nje ukukhanya okungena ekushiseni okushisa akungaphezu kwamanzi. Ezinsukwini ezishisayo kakhulu, kungcono ukuthuthumela izimbali kusukela emini kuya emahoreni angu-16.
Ukushisa ukuphuma njalo emoyeni ngenkathi ugwema ama-drafts. Ukulawulwa komswakama kungenye yezimiso ezidingekayo, njengoba ama-gerberas engavumi ukubekezelela umswakama ophezulu. Kodwa umoya owomile nawo uphikisana nabo. Umswakama omuhle ngenkathi eyomile ugcinwa ngokupuniza, hhayi izitshalo ngokwawo, kodwa izikhala eziseduze nabo.
Wamtshala ezitsheni zepulasitiki noma izimbiza. Ukuze ulondoloze inani lokudla okunomsoco we-substrate, ukushintshwa okuvamile kuyenziwa. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe ne-peat, ihlathi noma umhlaba wensimu, isanti, i-sawdust, i-pine bark.
Ngesikhathi sasebusika se-gerberas kudingeka isikhathi sokuphumula. Ukushisa kuncishisiwe, ukondla kumile. Lezi zinqubo zizosiza i-gerbera ukuba idonse inombolo enkulu yefihlekile.
Umhlaba udinga khipha, ususe amaqabunga omisiwe ezitshalweni, uchithe izitshalo ezigula ngokushesha.
Indlela ekahle yokunisela ukuchelela ukuchelela. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, isenzakalo ngasinye sixoshwa emmpandeni, kodwa singasondeli ku-stem. Ukunisela kwenziwa ekuseni.ngakho-ke phakathi nosuku amanzi afika ngengozi emagqabeni nasentanyeni impande aqhutshwa.
Kuzoze kube nini ukugcina izimbali ezinqunywe ku-vase?
Ukukhula i-gerbera okungapheli ngezimbali ezinkulu ensimini akulula, kepha ukugcina izimbali ezinqunywe isikhathi eside akuyona umsebenzi olula. Ukusika imbali isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ujabule iso, abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukwenza okulandelayo:
- Sika izimbali emva kwezinsuku ezingu-4-5 zikhula. Uma wenza njalo ngaphambili. I-stem evulekile izobangela ukuphoqa okusheshayo. I-peduncle ihlukaniswa nesikhunta ekuseni, iphuma ngezandla zayo, njengokungathi ukusika, isihlahla esikude sokusika singase sibole.
- Ngaphambi kokufaka lesi sitshalo emanzini, kufanele uvumele ukuba kulungiswe ukususa umoya-mpilo kusuka ketshezi.
- Gcwalisa iziqu emanzini alungisiwe ukuze izimbali zihlale phansi. Zibanike kuleli zwe ngesigamu sehora.
- Sika iziqu kusukela phansi kuya kumasentimitha angu-3-4, ngaphandle kokukhipha emanzini. Ukunqunywa kufanele kwenziwe ngommese obukhali engeni lika-45%. Ukudubula kufanele kwenziwe njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-2-3.
- Izimbali kufanele zifakwe ezigumbini ezide ukunciphisa ukucindezela kwezimbali ezinzima esiqwini.
- Amanzi ku-vase kumele ashintshwe njalo. Nokho, kufanele kube ngaphandle kweklorine, ngakho kufanele ivikelwe futhi ihlungiwe ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa. Ukunciphisa ukungcola kwe-chlorine, engeza isikhunta esicushiwe kancane noma i-citric acid emanzini.
- Ukwengeza umanyolo wamaminerali nakho kuzosiza ukulondoloza ubuhle bembali.
- Ungabeki i-vase elangeni noma eduze kwebhethri. Izimbali zezika kufanele zibe endaweni epholile.
- Ezinye izimfihlo zokukhula:
- Ungaguquli entanyeni yezintambo lapho u-transplanting - lokhu kuzokwehlisa ukukhula.
- Sitshala enhlabathini enenzalo, futhi uphathe isitshalo nge phytosporin ukuvimbela ukungcola.
- Emoyeni emanzi, phatha nge-basezol.
- Uma usukhulile kusuka kumbewu, amahora okukhanya kufanele abe okungenani amahora angu-16. Futhi izinga lokushisa emoyeni lingama-22-23 degrees. Njengoba ama-cotyledons evuleka, wehlisa izinga lokushisa ukuya kuma-degree angu-20.
- Iphutha elivame kakhulu - ukunqoba imbali - ngokuqinisekile kuyobangela isifo sesihlahla.
- Ungananzi kusihlwa ukuvimbela ukunqwabelana ngokweqile kwezimpande.
Ubuhle nokuhlukahluka kwalesi simbali kungadonsela umlimi okhono kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uzijabulise, kufanelekile ukwenza umzamo omkhulu kangaka. Landela yonke imithetho yokulima, futhi i-garden gerbera izokuthabisa ngezimbali zayo.
