Izitshalo eziphakeme kanye nobusika obusika obunhlobonhlobo bokuthi "isikhumbuzo" - ikhasi eliphakathi kwe-Memory of Zhegalov

Amapheya ngenxa yokunambitheka okuthakazelisayo, isivuno kanye nama-inflorescence amahle, asithokozisa ngephunga lawo phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, ziyasiza kakhulu ekuzaleni izimboni ezindizeni ezinkulu nasezikhungweni zasehlobo.

Ekuphishekeleni izimfanelo ezinhle zalesi sithelo esihlwabusayo, esiphundu nesempilo, ososayensi baye bahlakulela izinhlobo eziningi eziphakathi kwamapheya ezihambisana kahle nezimo zezulu zendawo ethile. Enye yalezi zinhlobonhlobo zakuqala ikhasi "Memory Zhegalov" - incazelo yazo zonke izimfanelo ezihlukahlukene, izithombe kanye nokubuyekezwa kwabalimi kamuva kusihloko.

Abadali bayo bazama ukutshala izimali ezinganeni zabo hhayi nje kuphela izimfanelo ezihle kakhulu, kodwa futhi bahlonipha kakhulu umkhombisi ovelele waseRashiya, owenze okuningi ekusakazeni lesi siko esithandayo ukushisa emiphakathini eyingozi.

Uhlobo luni?

Amapheya ahlukahlukeneko "I-Memory Zhegalov" iyinto evamile isitshalo se-self-infertile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi siko asikwazi ukutshala nge-pollen yayo.

Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, umlimi kufanele angasebenzisi imithi yalezi ezihlukahlukene lapho ebeka isakhiwo segadi. Ngisho naphezu kwesimo sengqondo esifudumele kuye.

Ngakho-ke, ukuze kutholakale impova ephumelelayo yamapheya epeyari ethi "Memory of Zhegalov", amapheya wezinye izinhlobo kuyadingeka, ngokunembile, impova yabo.

Iphuzu elibi kulokhu liwukuthi ukudluliselwa kwe-pollen kusuka ekuhlanjululeni imithi kuya ezihlukahlukene ezicacisiwe, izimo ezithile zezulu ezithandekayo ezidingekayo, lapho izinyosi ziphuma khona.

Njengoba kuhlaselwa isikhathi eside sezulu, izinambuzane zihlala emiseleni yazo, okungaba nomthelela omubi esikalini nasesikhathini se-ovary.

I-pollinator engcono kakhulu ye-pear "I-Memory of Zhegalov" ibhekwa njengezinhlobo "Bergamot Moscow" nethi "Izintandokazi Yakovlev".

Isiko esichazwe sisebenza futhi emithini yezithelo ekwindla izithelo yokuvuthwa (ukuphela kwekwindla ezihlukahlukene). Ngokwezilinganiso ze-agrotechnical, amapheya ayo avulekile futhi alungele ukukhethwa. eminyakeni eyishumi kaSeptemba.

Ngalokhu banekhwalithi elihle lokugcina - bangalondolozwa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa izimfanelo zabo eziyisisekelo kusuka ezinsukwini eziyi-100 kuya kwezingu-120, okungukuthi, kuze kube ngoJanuwari-Febhuwari.

Ukwindla iRossoshanskaya, i-Karataevskaya, iVernaya, i-Kupava ne-Moskvich nayo iyingxenye yezinhlobo zekwindla.

Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zavuswa ngabafuyi besayensi ngesisekelo I-Moscow Agricultural Academy. KA Timiryazev.

"Isikhumbuzo" i-pear ibizwa ngokuthi ihlonishwa yi-Russian Soviet scientist-geneticist, profesa USergey Ivanovich Zhegalov (1881-1927).

Umsebenzi wakhe ophikelela ngesisekelo segama elidumile "Timiryazevka"kwakhiwa umnyango wokuqala okhethekile wokukhiqiza eRussia, izindlela zokweqa imifino nezithelo zezithelo zakhiwe futhi zithuthukiswa.

Ukuthola amapheya "Memory Zhegalov" wasebenzisa uhlelo lokuwela izinhlobo "Forest Beauty no-Olga.

Ngo-1990, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zazifakwe ohlelweni lokuhlola uhlelo oluhlukahlukene. Ngokulandelayo, i-Memory of Zhegalov, isithombe sezithelo, incazelo kanye nokubuyekezwa okunikezwa ngezansi, kunconywa ukusabalalisa izimboni esifundeni sezolimo eziphakathi kweRussia.

Esifundeni Esiphakathi, izinhlobo ezifana noNoyabrskaya, Marble, Autumn Yakovleva, Larinskaya noTatyana zikhulile ngempumelelo.

Incazelo izinhlobo Memory Zhegalov

Incazelo yezimpawu zangaphandle ezihlukanisa nezinye izingqwembe, i-pear ezihlukahlukene I-Memory Zhegalov:

Isihlahla Njengomthetho, unokuphakama okuphakathi, abantu abade abajwayelekile kakhulu. Amagxolo esitshalo ahluke grey noma grey amnyama.

Crown, amagatsha. Lapho isitshalo esicacisiwe sisasemncane, sakha umqhele ngesimo somngcele ohlukile. Uma i-pear ifinyelela emzimbeni we-fruiting ogcwele futhi ovuthiwe, umqhele wawo uthola uhlobo olunezici (ngokuvamile luvalo).

Umqhele uvela emagatsheni omzimba wamatshe otholakala esitokisini esivela phezulu, nge-slope encane. Ubuningi be-treetops bunganiselwa kumaphakathi noma ngaphansi kwesilinganiso (okungajwayelekile).

Amagxolo amagatsha omzimba aqoshwe umbala obala obala. Isihlalo sobukhosi sikhula ngokuphindaphindiwe ngokushesha.

Amahlumela. Amahlumela abomvu nama-internodes aphakathi nendawo ubude athile. Ubukhulu babo nobude babo kulinganiselwa ukuthi bajwayelekile. I-Pubescence kulezinqubo cishe ayitholakali.

Ngokushesha kakhulu amahlumela avela amahlumela amnyama anesibhakabhaka esimnyama, ngokuphambuka kancane kusuka egatsheni.

Phezu kwamahlumela ngobuningi obuphakathi, kukhona amancane amancane, ama-convex lentils. Ngokuvamile, isihlahla sezinhlobonhlobo "imemori kaZhegalov" sibonisa ikhono lokubamba iqhaza elincane.

Amahlamvu. Ubukhulu obuphakathi nendawo, ishidi eliphakathi nendawo elincane linomumo ohlosiwe (oval), onomlinganiso omncane wesivuno phakathi kwe-vein central. Umbala omkhulu kakhulu wamaqabunga uhlaza omnyama.

Ubuso beqabunga leqabunga, njengombuso, liyanwebeka-olubushelelekile kulokuthinteka, olunekhanda lesikhumba. I-pubescence ehlangothini elingenhla nelingaphansi kweqabunga alikho. Emaphethelweni amaqabunga asebenza. Amahlamvu agcinwa egatsheni ngokusebenzisa i-petioles ephakathi.

I-Inflorescences Yakhelwe ngendlela yokushayela okumangalisayo ngokwesilinganiso sezimbali ezingu-5-7. Ngolunye uhlangothi lwama-flower oluphekiwe olubonakala ngobukhulu obuphakathi. Amacembe amhlophe anemiphetho eqinile, kuyilapho evalwe ngokuqinile. Amafihledi nawo amhlophe.

Izithelo. Zibonakala ngokulinganisa okulinganiselwe kanye nesisindo esilinganiselwe kusuka ku-120 kuya ku-130 g. Ukuma kwayo kufana neqanda.

Isikhumba sesithelo sibushelelezi, kunalokho sibe mncane, ukuthungwa kuluhlaza, ngezinye izikhathi ngokuthinta okubuthakathaka kwe-oiliness.

Umbala ovelele wezithelo uphuzi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obunzima obunzima obunzima obunobomvu obomvu. Kunesikhumba esincane se-orzhavnost.

Pulp umbala ophuzi ophuzi noma obala obala futhi ujabule kakhulu.

Ukuqina kwayo okuncane, ngokusanhlamvu okulinganiselwe, kwenza ukuzwa okunamafutha okuqhakazile emlonyeni. Ngaphakathi kwesithelo kuqukethe imbewu emi-5 kuya kwengu-10 emnyama yelanga ye-sunflower yobukhulu obuphakathi.

Pedunclelapho ipayipi ibanjwa khona, yobude obuphakathi nobukhulu obuphakathi. Ukuheha ukubonakala kwezithelo ezihlukahlukene "Memory Zhegalov" kulinganiselwa kumaphuzu angu-4.3 (ngesilinganiso se-5-point).

Isithombe

Izici

Amapheya ezinhlobonhlobo "imemori ye-Zhegalov" ibonakala ngezici eziningana ezibenza zibe nenzuzo kakhulu ekutshalweni kwemboni emikhakheni emikhulu nemincane ye-horticultural.

Okokuqala, mayelana nezimo zokunambitheka. Izithelo zalezi zinhlobo ziningi kakhulu uvuselele futhi uphakamise kahle, i-vitamin ne-flavor enhle kakhulu enezela ezitsha eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Lezi zinzuzo zizuzwa Ukunambitheka okumnandi okumnandi ngokumuncu okumnandi okumnandi. On ukunambitheka kakhulu "super" "iphunga elimnandi kakhulu izithelo fresh.

Izinhlobo ezinjalo zamapheya zikhombisa ukunambitheka okukhulu: Rogneda, Krasulya, Lada, Dekabrinka no-Ilyinka.

Amakhemikhali asemqoka esithelweni angamazinga alandelayo:

Ngesilinganiso se-5-point sokuheha okumnandi, i-pear "I-Memory of Zhegalov" itholwe ochwepheshe amaphuzu 4.3 amaphuzu.

Izithelo zalesi siko zinhle kubo injongo yendawo yonke.

Ngamanye amazwi, ayidla ngokubili kokubili efomini elisha futhi elicutshungulwa njengento eluhlaza ekukhiqizeni ama-compotes, ama-marmalades, ama-jellies, ama-jams, njll.

Futhi lesi sitshalo sesithelo sibalwa njenge isiko esivumela kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi, ngaphansi kwezimo ezihle kakhulu zezulu nezesimo sezulu kanye nokunakekelwa komuthi okufanele, njalo kunika ngesikhathi sokuvuna okungenani 40 kg.

Insimu etshalwe nge "Memory of Zhegalov" ehlukahlukene kusuka ku-hektha elilodwa kuya kwaba ngu-122 abaphakathi kwezitshalo.

Ukukhiqiza okuphezulu kwepeysi kunomthelela ekuhambeni kwesikhathi. Uqala ukumnika isivuno sokuqala. 3-4 ngonyaka emva kokutshala imbewu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinzuzo ezinkulu zokutshalwa kwezolimo ezinhlobonhlobo zaso izinga eliphakeme lokuqina kobusika, ukumelana kahle nezimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu, ukuchithwa okungekho emapayipi kanye nokuhamba kwabo okuhle kakhulu.

Amapheya abhekwa njengezinhlobo eziphezulu ezinikezelayo: Sverdlovchanka, Yanvarskaya, Chudesnitsa, Bere Bosk kanye nokuxoshwa.

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa

Njengazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo ze-pear, lapho ukhetha indawo yokutshala isithombo sezinhlobonhlobo "Kwi Memory of Zhegalov", kubalulekile ukugcina izimo eziningana ezinzima kakhulu.

Ngokuyinhloko, indawo efanelekayo kufanele ukukhanya ngokukhanya kwelanga, ukuthula, uma kungenakwenzeka ingxenye engadini, okungenzeka kungabi ngaphansi kwezikhukhula ngamanzi angaphansi komhlaba.

Kubuye kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kule ndawo umhlaba ube khona umhlaba omnyama, unesihlabathi, u-loamy noma ube yingxube yezingxenye ezingenhla.

Uma ugoba umgodi wokutshala, kufanele ucatshangelwe ukuthi izimpande zesithombo kufanele zivumelane ngokukhululekile kuwo. Ngokuvamile kunele ukumba umgodi onobude obuyi-1 m nobubanzi buka-60-70 cm.

Ngaphambi kokutshala, kubalulekile ukulungisa umhlabathi wokubuyisela emuva uhlelo lokususa.

Ngokwesiko, lilungiselelwe kusukela enhlabathini ekhishwe uma ugoba umgodi, okungeziwe kuwo 2 amabhakede we-humus nesihlabathi kanye neklasi eyodwa ye-superphosphate. Akusikho indawo ukuthululela ibhakede lamanzi ngezibuko ezimbili ze-lime fluffy ehlakazekile kuyo ngaphambi kokufika. Emva kwalokho, umgodi kufanele uvunyelwe ukuma isonto nengxenye kuze kube usuku lokutshala.

Ngesikhathi sokutshala isihlahla, izimpande zawo zilele ngendlela yokuthi ngaphezu komhlabathi we-6-7 cm, intamo yawo impande yaqhuma (indawo yokuguquka kwempande kuya esiteshini). Uma, emva kokuchelela ngamanzi, le parameter ayigcinwanga, kunconywa ukuthi uphinde ukufika.

Ngemuva kokubuyisela emuva izimpande nokugubha inhlabathi ezungeze isiqu, umbuthano we-pristvolny we-shaft ephansi, wabeka indawo engama-35-40 cm

Ngakho-ke umbhoshongo wakhiwa kanjalo Thela amabhakede amabili wamanzi ahlukanisiwe. Ufafaze indawo nge-mulch (humus eyomile nge-sawdust).

Ukunakekelwa komuthi okufanelekile inhlabathi evamile ivusa ezungeze isihlahla, ngesikhathi esifanele sebenzisa umanyolo we-organic and amaminerali, ukusika amagatsha amaningi futhi anomile.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Ngokuqondene nezifo ezisemqoka ezivame phakathi kwezithelo zezitshalo, lapha izinhlobonhlobo "I-Memory of Zhegalov" zibonisa ukuthi zivela ohlangothini olungcono kakhulu.

Noma kunjalo, ukhulu kakhulu Kuhle ngokumelene nezifo ezinkulu ze-fungal, kuhlanganise nokugula okunzima njenge-//selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html.

Njengoba ubona, i-pear echazwe inezimfanelo eziningi ezinhle kakhulu.

Izinhlobo zama-pear-resistant-resistant: Skorospelka kusuka eMichurinsk, Fairy Tale, Silent Don, eMoscow Ekuqaleni naseSvarog.

Kodwa-ke, ukuze babonakale kuyo yonke inkazimulo yayo futhi bazuze kumuntu, umgadi wensimu kuzodingeka asebenze kanzima. Nokho, kuyafaneleka!