Izitshalo ze-Peperomy zezinhlobo zithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi, ziheha umphumela wazo wokuhlobisa, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinhlobo, ukulula okuhlobene nokulima nokunakekelwa.
Lezi zikhathi ezincane ezisetshenziswayo zivela eNyakatho neMelika Melika. Bangabomndeni we-pepper.
Enye yezintandokazi nezinhlobo zangasese zingabizwa ngokuthi i-peperomia yinkimbinkimbi (iphikisiwe), yaziwa nangokuthi i-desert privet.
Incazelo jikelele nesithombe
Ukubukeka nePeperemia "Yanyanyisiwe" kungatholakala esithombeni:
I-perperomy ehlukunyeziwe (lat. Peperomia caperata) inemaqabunga aluhlaza omnyama angavamile (ifomu lemvelo), njengokungathi lihlanganiswe nenethiwekhi yemibimbi ejulile, eyenza ikhululeke. Ubuso bubukeka kahle. Emiphakathini yemithanjeni, umthunzi uphenduka obomvu.
Amaqabunga amancane, ahlotshiswe enhliziyweni, ahlala kuma-petioles ama-pinkish amade, atholakala eduze komunye nomunye, iqoqo lawo libukeka njengesitsha noma isokhethi. I-lamina yinyama, njengesiqu, iqukethe amanzi. Lesi sici singenxa yokuthi emazweni ashisayo, ama-perperomy yi-plant epiphyte.
Usizo: i-epiphyte yizitshalo ezisebenzisa izihlahla nezihlahla njengenkxaso, lokhu kubanika ithuba lokusondelana nomthombo wokukhanya. Ngokuvamile ababoshiwe emhlabathini, umswakama utholakala emoyeni nasemvula (imvula nenkungu).
Njengezinye izinhlobo zokuhlaselwa komzimba, isitshalo sinesayizi encane, kuze kube ngu-10 cm high. Ngenxa yemvelo yayo ye-epiphytic, inesimiso sezintambo ezingakhiwe kahle, ngendlela yama-nodules noma i-rhizome ende ende.
Manje izinhlobo eziningi zitholakala enhlotsheni yemvelo ye-perperomy ephihliwe, eyatholakala futhi ichazwa ngo-1958. Kusukela efomu lokuqala, lihlukile emhlotsheni wezinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ebomvu kuya ku-dark burgundy. Kukhona nezinhlobo ze-variegated ezihlanganisa obomvu, obomvana, abamhlophe nohlaza.
Liqhakaza ehlobo, amafomu ahlanganiswe ama-cobs aphezulu aphezulu ngaphezu kwamaqabunga. Zifakwe ezimhlophe, zihluke namaqabunga. Awekho iphunga elivela ezimbali.
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
Ukunakekela emva kokuthenga
Amafomu ahlukahlukene kufanele abe namaphethini amahle embala emaqabungeni; okulula kufanele kube nombala ocebile ohambisana nezinhlobonhlobo.
Qinisekisaukuthi amaqabunga neziqu ziyanyakalala, phansi kukhona akukho ukubola. Uma kungenjalo kuyoba nzima kakhulu ukusindisa isitshalo esithengiwe.
Izici ukunakekelwa kuzoxhomeka kunini isikhathi sonyaka owathengile lesi sitshalo:
Uma ebusika, akudingekile ukuba uthinte okungenani kuze kube sekupheleni kukaFebhuwari - ekuqaleni kukaMashi. Nakuba i-perperomia ingenaso isikhathi sokuphumula, ingakwazi ukukhuthazelela ukufakelwa ebusika futhi ife.
Ngesikhathi sokuwa, futhi, udinga ukuqapha nokufakelwa kabusha uma isitshalo sigcwele kakhulu ebhodweni elidala. Bese uyamnakekela ngokuvumelana nezincomo ngezansi.
Uma une-peperomia entwasahlobo noma ehlobo (mhlawumbe), konke kulula. Kungatshalwa ngokushesha emva kokuthenga, kodwa kuphela uma isitshalo sibonakala siphelile.
Uma kungenjalo, kuzomele ulinde kuze kube yisikhathi sokudlula ukuguqula futhi imbali iqina. Kuphela emva kwalokho kuzokwenzeka ukutshala kabusha.
Qinisekisa ukususa ngokucophelela zonke iziqu ezomile namaqabunga, njengoba ziphazamisa ukukhula okujwayelekile kwesitshalo. Uma kunesidingo shisha amaqabunga indwangu epholile
Ngaphandle: izinhlobo ezinamaqabunga e-pubescent, zingonakaliswa kalula.
Akunakwenzeka Ngokushesha lapho bevela esitolo ukuze babeke isitshalo ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo, kungcono ukubeka emthunzini okhethekile. Ngokuqinisekile lapho kwakungenakho ukukhanya, futhi ukudonsa okunjalo okubukhali kungalimaza.
Ngokunisela - hlola inhlabathi, uma eyomile kakhulu, amanzi ngamanzi ahleliwe.
Ukufika
Kusukela emvelweni, i-peperomia yi-epiphytes, ingahlwanyelwa hhayi kuphela ezimbizeni, kodwa futhi hydroponics.
Usizo: I-Hydroponics iyindlela ekhethekile yokutshala izitshalo uma isikhungo sokufakelwa, umoya, amanzi noma esiqinile sisetshenziswa esikhundleni somhlabathi. Isibonelo, ama-sphagnum moss, ubumba obunwetshiwe, igravel echotshoziwe. Kumele ihlale ihambelana nesisombululo esikhethekile samanzi nosawoti wamaminerali afanele isitshalo esithile, futhi i-aerated ukuze izimpande zigcwale umoya-mpilo.
Uma utshalwa emhlabathini, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi i-peperium iye yahluma kahle izimpande futhi ayihambisani nenhlabathi enamandla, ingahle ibole. Kungcono ukwenza ingxube yeshidi, umhlaba we-sod, i-peat nesihlabathi, ngesilinganiso se-2: 1: 1: 1. Ungangeza ama-moss, i-turf ithathe indawo ye-humus, futhi yenza ngaphandle kwe-peat. Ukuxuba kufanele kube okuxekethile futhi okuphefumulayo.
Akufanele ukondla ebusika futhi ngokushesha emva kokufakelwa kabusha (akukho ngaphambi kwamasonto amabili kamuva). Isikhathi sonke - kabili ngenyanga, umanyolo obunzima owenzelwe izitshalo zokuhlobisa. Isilinganiso - engeza amanzi amaningi kabili kumthamo ophakanyisiwe.
Ukufakelwa
Kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukufakelwa kwonyaka, bese - kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili, njengoba ukukhula kuyancipha. Kodwa udinga ukubona ukuthi izimpande ziyaphuma yini emigodini yokudonsa amanzi, kulokhu ukufakelwa kabusha kuyimpoqo.
Ukutshalaliswa entwasahlobo, ngoba lokhu kuthatha ibhodlela elingajulile - isitsha, esingamamitha amabili kuya kwangu-3 ububanzi kunomdala. Uhlaka lwamanzi (ubumba, izitini eziphukile, amalahle), kuze kube ngamasentimitha ayisithupha, kubhalwe phansi. Beka isitshalo phakathi, ufafaze umhlaba bese uwulinganisa kancane. Faka emthunzini okhethekile, uthele.
Ukudubula
Ungaphonsa ama-stalks eside kakhulu, bese isitshalo sinikeza amahlumela ahlangene bese sakha i-shrub enhle.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi udinga amahlumela owomile.
Ukunisela
Njengoba lesi sitshalo singabantwana abathandekayo, okungukuthi, sigcina amanzi emigqeni namaqabunga, ukuchelela kudinga ukulinganisela. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ngesikhathi sokukhula okukhulayo, amanzi kaningi, ukuhlola isimo somhlabathi ngomunwe noma isibonakaliso esikhethekile. Ebusika, awukwazi ukuphuza noma ukugeleza kanye ngenyanga, uma kwenzeka amaqabunga aphansi ewa.
Amanzi athathwa kuphela ahlukaniswe, afudumale kunokushisa kwekamelo. Kunconywa ukuwafaka amanzi epanini.
Umswakama womoya
Njengesitshalo sezitshalo ezishisayo, ukuphalaza i-peperomia kuyozuzisa. Ezinyangeni zasehlobo izikhathi eziningana ngeviki, kufana nesikhathi sokushisa ebusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha amanzi ashisayo afudumele. Ngaphandle - izinhlobo ze-pubescent zezitshalo. Kungenzeka futhi ukubeka isitsha ngegravini emanzi eduze noma esikhundleni se-pallet.
Ukushisa
I-peperomia yanyuka, kanye nezinye izinhlobo zayo, ingezitshalo ezithisa ukushisa.
Ebusika izinga lokushisa kufanele ligcinwe hhayi ngezansi kwe-16 °, kahle - kuze kufinyelele ku-23 °, ngaphandle kwalokho amaqabunga ayophendulela futhi awele.
Lapho kuqala ihlobo likhula kahle ngo-22 kuya ku-25 °, lingabekwa kwi-loggia noma emkhathini. Kodwa kufanele ivikelwe kusuka kumashidi kanye nezinguquko zokushisa okungazelelwe.
Ukukhanyisa
Izinhlobo ezinamahlamvu aluhlaza omnyama zikhule kahle emthunzini owodwa, emafasiteleni asentshonalanga noma enyakatho. Uma kungenjalo kungenzeka, kufanele uchithe isitshalo noma ubeke phezulu ewindini.
Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zidinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo okukhulu, zifakwa kumafasitela asempumalanga naseningizimu. Kodwa awukwazi ukubeka ilanga eliqondile, amaqabunga azoshisa!
Ebusika, zonke izinhlobo zidinga ukukhanyisa okungeziwe ngezibani ezikhethekile, ngaphandle kwalokho i-petioles izobe ihlukumezeke kakhulu, futhi amahlamvu ashintshiwe azoba amancane futhi angabonakali.
Ukuzala
Yandisa i-peperomia nganoma iyiphi indlela oyidingayo entwasahlobo.
- Izihlahla ze-Leaf. Iqabunga elidala elinempilo linqunywe ngommese obukhali, kusale i-petiole engaba ngu-5 cm, kufakwe emanzini ngaphambi kokuba izimpande zivele, noma zihlanganiswa ngokushesha ezinxenyeni zamaqabunga (peat) ngesihlabathi (1: 1), zifafazwe nge-powder hormonal. Beka ishidi ngakwesokudla. Vala nge-polyethylene noma wenze ukushisa okushisa. Faka endaweni ekhanyayo, zonke izinsuku ezingu-2 ezimanziwe ngokupuniza inhlabathi, ivulelwe ukuvimbela ukubola. Lapho lezi zisekelo zivela (ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-1 kuya ku-1, ezinhlanu), zifakelwa kabusha emhlabathini olungiselelwe (ukwakhiwa okuchazwe ngenhla).
- I-stem cuttings. Sika ama-cuttings ngamabili amaqabunga amaqabunga, ujulise ukuze i-node engaphansi iphezu komhlaba. Khona-ke konke kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo nokuqothula iqabunga. Ukushisa kumele kube ngu-25º.
- Amaqabunga amaqabunga. I-soak ne-rosettes.
- Uhlukanisa isihlahla. Lapho isihlahla sikhula kakhulu, kungcono ukuhlukanisa ngezimo eziningana ezintsha zesitshalo ukuze kuvele amahlumela amancane. Yenza lokhu uma uguqula. Hlukanisa ngokucophelela ukuze ungalimazi izimpande. Ibhodlela kufanele ithathwe kancane kancane kuneyaphambilini (bheka "Into yokutshala").
- Imbewu. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwe-peperomia, imbewu ivuthwe. Ziqoqiwe futhi zihlwanyelwe entwasahlobo enhlanganisweni echazwe ngokuqothula ishidi. Bathatha lokhu isitsha, bese benza abamba ukushisa futhi balinde amahlumela. Ukutshala kabusha ebhokisini elivamile, lapho kuzoba khona okungenani amabilidi amabili amaqabunga, kanti inhlabathi isetshenziselwa okufanayo. Lapho izithombo ziqina, zifakwa ezimbizeni ezihlukene nomhlabathi we-peperium futhi zinakekele njengabantu abadala.
Zuza kanye nesenzo esizuzayo
Ngaphandle kokuhlobisa ubuhle bendlu, isitshalo sikwazi ukuhlanza umoya ngenxa yokuthi iveza izinto ezikhethekile - i-phytoncides, ebulala amagciwane amaningi.
Uma uvame ukushisa, ubunzima bomzimba obunzima buhambisana nawe ngokuphelele!
Kukholelwa ukuthi kunomphumela omuhle ekugayeni kanye ne-gallbladder.
Nakani! Kunezinye izinhlobo ze-perperomy ezikwazi ukuhlanza umoya, isibonelo, i-Peperomia ibhekene nobunzima.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Umonakalo wembangela kungathinteka kuphela izinambuzane (spider mite, thrips, mealybug) kanye nokuthelela ezinye izitshalo.
Kubalulekile ukuhlola njalo isitshalo futhi, uma kunesidingo, uyiphathe.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izinambuzane (thrips), isisombululo seseva (isicabucabu samanzi) nesisombululo se-alcohol (mealybug). Phatha isitshalo sonke. Kule nkathi, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa i-peperomia eminye imibala.
Kuncike kulokho izifonjengezimpande zokubola, okubangelwa ukutheleleka kwefungal.
Kuvela lapho ukhathazeka ngokweqile, ungagcina kuphela ngokufakelwa kabusha ngokudliwa kwangaphambili nezidakamizwa ze-antifungal.
Kungacelwa ukuba sikhule peperomia ebomvu ngisho nakwaqalayo, uma zonke izimo kanye nama-agrotechnics echazwe ngathi, ngokuqinisekile kuzokujabulisa ngokuhleleka kwayo!
