Uhnikovye ferns ingenye yezitshalo ezingavamile kakhulu. Lo mndeni, kanye neP Triangle, uhlanganisa no-fern. Kusukela emlandweni wezehlakalo zazo ziyaziwa kuphela ukuthi bangokhokho basendulo kakhulu basePaleozian ferns.
Noma kunjalo, abameleli banamuhla bama-uzhovnikovs bahluke kakhulu okhokho babo.
Izinhlobo
I-Knife's Knife
Amasayizi amancane ngokuvamile amamentimitha angu-20 kuya ku-30, kodwa lezi zinhlobo zilenga usayizi kusuka kumamitha amabili ukuya kwangu-4.
Lezi zinhlobo ze-fern ine-rhizome encane enezimpande ezibanzi. Ezingxenyeni zayo "izimbongolo" azikwakhiwa, okungukuthi okungaqondakali kwalabo abalandeli. Ku-rhizome, ikhula ngama-1-2 amashidi ngonyaka.
I-Kawamura
Izinhlobo zaseJapane zama-ferns. Unokunciphisa kakhulu okuyingxenye yemifino yeqabunga.
I-Paltine Snacker
Le nyoka inegama lesidlaliso "isandla somuntu". Ikhula ngokuyinhloko eFlorida. Ipuleti leshidi lakhe lifana nesandla somuntu. Izindebe zinzima kakhulu; amanzi agcinwa kuwo. Lezi zinhlobo, ngosizo lwamanzi ezibekwe esiteshini, zingahlala zizolile ngenkathi eyomile.
I-Snack ye-Rattle
Lolu hlobo lwe-uzhovnikovyh unezinhlobo ze-gametiform ze-neotenic. I-embryo yayo iqala ngesivinini esheshayo. Ekuqaleni, amaqabunga kanye nephuzu lokukhula kwehlumela likhula, emva kwalokho sekuyizimpande ezingu-1-2. I-Gametophyte ifa emva kwesikhathi esithile, ngemuva kokuba ishidi libonakala ebusweni bomhlaba.
Inyoka yensimbi
I-triad ene inombolo eningi ngokwanele ye-chromosome (2n = 1260). Ngokuvamile izinyoka azikho inani elikhulu lama-chromosomes (2n = 90).
Kanti, umducisi womsindo une-2n = 1320; lokhu inani elikhulu lama-chromosomes phakathi kwazo zonke izitshalo ezikhona.
Isithombe
Ukuze uthole izithombe eziningi ze-Triangle Fern, bheka ngezansi:
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
Ukukhanyisa
Kungcono ukukhetha indawo efasiteleni, kodwa lapha udinga ukugwema izindawo lapho imisebe eqondile yelanga izokwehlela khona.
Ukushisa
Uhovnikovye- izitshalo zasebusika-eziqinile, Ngakho-ke, akudingeki ukuba bafune indawo yokuhlala yasebusika. Bangakwazi ukubekezelela izinga lokushisa eliphansi kuze kube ngu-12 degrees.
Umswakama womoya
Uma uzokhula u-uzhovnikovy fern ekhaya, kufanele ukhokhe ngokukhethekile ukugcina umswakama ekamelweni. Lesi sitshalo sithanda kakhulu umswakama.
Umoya omile ungayichitha. Lapho indlu ihlanganisa amabhethri, zama ukugcina isitshalo singasondeli amadivayisi.
Uma kunokwenzeka, thenga ama-humidifiers ekhethekile emoyeni. Hlanganisa njalo ngebhola le-spray.
Ukunisela
Njengoba lesi sitshalo sithanda umswakama, inhlabathi ebhodweni kufanele ihlale imanzi kakhulu.
Uma kwenzeka umhlaba ukhulula kakhulu, ukuphuza kwamaqabunga onke kungenzeka. Kungcono ukungabi namanzi isitshalo kusuka phezulu; umhlabathi phansi ungase ungabi ngamanzi ngokugcwele futhi isomiso sizokwenzeka.
Amaqabunga okunisela abuye aphezu phezulu. Uma kunconywa kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise amanzi athambile futhi afudumele.
Umquba (ukugqoka)
Umanyolo ungasebenzisa noma yimuphi umanyolo obunzima obunamaminerali. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, kufanele ihlungwe ihafu. Lezi zinhlobo nazo ziphendula kahle kumanyolo eziphilayo, njenge-mullein ukumnika.
Ukufakelwa
Uhnikov kakhulu ompofu ukubekezelela ukufakelwa. Bahlala isikhathi eside endaweni entsha.
Lokhu kubangelwa ukuthi iyisitshalo se-mycorrhizal futhi kusetshenziswe umsebenzi obalulekile emhlabathini oyisibonelo esiyingqayizivele ye-fungi symbiotic.
Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi le fern idinga ukufakelwa. Ake sithi ummbila uba mncane kuye. Ezimweni ezinjalo, akunconywa ukuhlanza izimpande zesitshalo emhlabathini. Kuyoba ngcono uma usebenzisa izwe elidala ngokufaka okusha.
Ngokuvamile, ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu nesimo esingavamile, isikhulu singumuthi wokuhlobisa futhi ufanelwe ukukhula ekhaya.
Amanye ama-ferns angaphakathi ahlanganisa: Pelley, Pteris, Cirtomium, Asplenium, Adiantum, Davallia, Blehnum, Salvinia, Polypodium, Platiserium, Nephrolepis neHumulus.
Ukudubula
Uma amanye amaqabunga ebolile noma ephuzi, uwasika ngaphansi kwesibindi ngaphandle kokulimaza amaqabunga aphilile.
Ukuzala
Izingxabano
I-Sporangia igobolondo elincane lapho kunezinhlamvu ze-fern. I-Sporangia ivame ukuhlala egcwele kakhulu futhi ndawonye yenza i-sorus.
I-Soros ibonakala ngaphandle kokubuka. I-sporangia inomdanso owodwa owuzungeza cishe ngokuphelele. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, i-sporangia iyakhula futhi iqhube.
Ngenxa yokuthi udonga luhlala luhlala isikhathi eside kunanoma iyiphi enye i-sporangium, kancane kancane igobolondo ivuleka. Ngemuva kokucindezela kwamanzi kuphele ngokuphelele, igobolondo le-sporangia liyaqhuma, kanti ama-spores aphephe ngesivinini esikhulu. Izinhlamvu ziyingcosana kakhulu ngakho-ke umoya ungabathwala amabanga amade.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa
Uma uthayipha i-sitrobheli, ungahlukanisa ngokushesha i-tuber esitshalweni esikhulu, bese usheshe ukutshala i-tuber ku-substrate. Lolu hlobo lokuzalanisa lulula futhi luvame ukusetshenziswa.
Amahlumela
Amahlumela ngaphandle kwamaqabunga, ukuvuthwa kwemithi ukuze uthole isitshalo esisha. Ihlumela ehlukanisiwe kufanele icindezelwe ngocingo ku-substrate kwelinye ibhodlela.
Emva kokufakelwa isitshalo, kubalulekile ukugcina njalo inhlabathi enomanzi. Ngemuva nje kokuba amahlumela akhulule izimpande futhi athole izimpande emhlabathini ungabanakekela njengenjwayelo, ngaphambi kokuba uqaphele kakhulu.
Isigaba
I-Rhizome yahlukana uma unquma ukutshala izitshalo. Spring yisikhathi esihle kakhulu salokhu. Ngemuva kokuhlukanisa i-rhizome esitshalweni, tshala amahlumela ngezimbiza ezihlukene. Izimbiza kufanele zimbozwe ngesikhwama se polyethylene bese zifaka endaweni efudumele. Amanzi ngezikhathi ezithile.
Izifo nezinambuzane: izindlela zokubhekana nazo
Ukuze ugweme izifo, indlu yokuhlanza kufanele igcinwe ezimweni ezifanele. Ezimweni eziningi, isitshalo esimweni esihle sibhekana nezifo eziphilayo.
Isibungu se-spider
Lezi zinambuzane zivela lapho umoya egumbini lapho isitshalo simile somile kakhulu. Lo mkhaza ubeka iwebhu kwiziqu ze-fern, emva kwalokho amaqabunga aphuzi bese ewa.
Izinyathelo Zokulawula Amathikithi we-Spider
Ukusebenzisa ibhulashi elithambile, susa ibhulogi le-spider esitshalweni, ugeze iziqu ngamanzi afudumele. Ngemuva kwalokho, udinga ukuhambisa i-uzhovnik endaweni enomswakama owengeziwe.
Ama-Aphid
Ama-aphid ngokuvamile avame ukulimaza ngaphansi kweqabunga lamaqabunga kanye neziqongqo ze-fern. Izingxenye ezonakalisiwe zivame ukuphenduka ophuzi ne-curl.
Ama-Aphid alawula izinyathelo
Fiphaza izingxenye ezilimele nge-decis, derris, fitovert, aktellik noma inta-vir. Ngemuva kokuba isitshalo soma, geza amaqabunga ngamanzi afudumele.
Shchitovka
I-Shchitovki ihlezi phezu kwamagatsha amaqabunga namaqabunga bese uyamunca isela, emva kwalokho amaqabunga aphelile, alahlekelwa umbala nokuwa kwawo.
Izindlela zokulwa nesihlangu
Kuyadingeka ukuba uhlakaze izingxenye ezilimaziwe ngesisombululo se-actellic esingu-0.15%.
Isiphetho
Ama-ferns u-Uzhnikovye ayinto engavamile kakhulu. Esikhathini esidala, izinkolelo ezahlukahlukene zazihlobene naye: khona-ke abantu bakholelwa ukuthi angasiza ekutholeni umcebo.
Naphezu kokuthi ngeke kwenzeke ukusebenzisa i-sniper emndenini, kufanelekile ukunakekelwa kanye nesimo sengqondo esicacile.
