Ama-karoti nama-beet asele athatha isikhathi eside futhi eqinile endaweni yabo etafuleni lethu. Ngaphandle kwabo, akunakwenzeka ukuba ucabange noma itafula lokugcoba elinomdumo odumile ngaphansi kwesigqoko soboya, noma ngesonto nge-soup beetroot noma i-vinaigrette. Ukuvuna imithetho ingxenye nje yempi. Ingxenye yesibili ukugcina konke kuphephile futhi kuzwakala kuze kufike isivuno esilandelayo. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi imifino yemifino ehlwanyelwe kahle igcinwe kahle, egcinwe ngokucophelela.
Ama-karoti nama-beet abizwa ngokuthi yimifino yezimpande. Unomjikelezo wokuthuthukisa iminyaka emibili. Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, izitshalo zakha i-rosette yamaqabunga kanye nesitshalo sezitshalo ezinhle, lapho kugcinwa khona izakhi eziphilayo nezakhi. Izitshalo zomsuka zibalulekile ekudleni futhi zikwazi ukugcina isikhathi eside ebusika nasentwasahlobo ngaphandle kokunciphisa inani lokudla okunomsoco kanye nokwakhiwa kwevithamini.
Bangabekwa ndawonye?
Izimo zokugcina zezinqathe kanye ne-beet zifana kakhulu. Zingafakwa egumbini elifanayo, ku-balcony efanayo (uma i-glazed), futhi ngisho nasebhokisini elifanayo, kodwa kuphela esimweni sokuba bangathintana nabo.
Izinhlobo ezifanelekayo
Izinhlobo zokuvuthwa ezindala zokutshala imifino kufanele zikhethwe ukuze zigcinwe.. Izinhlobonhlobo ezigcinwe kangcono nemifino yezinqathe:
I-Gribovchanin F1.- Nantes 4.
- Akunakuqhathaniswa.
- I-Nevis F1.
- USamsoni.
- Isikhathi.
- Ubusika baseMoscow.
- Akunakuqhathaniswa.
I-Gribovchanin F1.Izinhlobo zezinyosi, ezifanele ukugcina isikhathi eside:
- I-Bravo
- Akunakuqhathaniswa.
- Bordeaux 237.
- Ibhola elibomvu.
- Podzimnyaya
- I-Mulatto.
- Detroit
- Nosovskaya flat.
Azikho izincomo ezicacile zokuthi zingcono kanjani ukuhlala ekhaya nokuthi kuphi, esiteji esingaphansi noma esiteji (ngaphansi komhlaba), kuwukuthi wonke umuntu uyazikhethela. Ukunquma izici zokulondolozwa okuqhubekayo yilokhu:
- ukukhethwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zemifino yezimpande;
- ukuqeqeshwa kobuchwepheshe;
- izimo zokushisa ekamelweni;
- imodi yamanzi;
- ukungabi nokudla ngokweqile kwe-oxygen;
- izintambo zokubulala izinambuzane.
Phakathi kwezindlela ezihloswe ukugcinwa, zonke izivande zizothola ezakhe, ezilula kakhulu futhi zinenzuzo. Okokuqala udinga ukunquma ukuthi uzohlanza nini futhi kanjani ukuhlanza isitshalo sezimpande.
Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo ezifanelekile zezinqathe kanye nempilo yasolwandle lapha, futhi lapha sikutshele ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezifanele ukugcina isikhathi eside.
Kungcono nini ukumba imifino?
Ukuvuna kakhulu imifino kunciphisa izimfanelo zabathengi, hhayi ukuvumela ukuqoqa inani elanele lamashukela. Ukuhlala isikhathi eside kakhulu ensimini kukunika ithuba lokuqoqa ushukela ngobuningi, okwenza imifino ikhangele kakhulu kumagundane.
Ngokuvamile, isikhathi sokuvuna sincike esikhathini sokuvuthwa nesimo sezulu. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezimpande izitshalo ngokuvamile sibhalwe emaphaketheni imbewu.. Kungcono ukumba imifino yokugcina lapho ihlelwa ngokuvumelana nekhalenda Lunar. Okuhle kunazo zonke yizinsuku zenyanga edlulayo, kodwa lesi sici singanakwa ngenxa yezimo zezulu ezifanele.
Ukuvuna kufanele kuqale ngesikhathi lapho ama-2-3 amahlumela amaqabunga aphendukile. Imifino enjalo yezimpande kakade inezinto ezinhle zabathengi. Ama-beet asusiwe ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa sokuqala (ukukhanda, ngeke kulungele ukugcina isitoreji), futhi izaqathe zingashiywa ngokuphephile ensimini kuze kufike iqhwa lokuqala (izimpande ezifakiwe zigcinwe kangcono). Ekwindla yemvula, kungcono ukuvuna isivuno kusenesikhathi, njengoba izitshalo ezimpande ezondla ngomswakama zizogcinwa kahle kuze kufike entwasahlobo futhi zizobola ngaphezulu.
KUBALULEKILE: Ungakwazi ukumba izaqathe emva kweqhwa lokuqala, futhi izinyosi kufanele zisuswe phambi kwazo! Ama-beet afriziwe asheshe aqale ukubola.
Ungathola ukuthi ungasusa nini izaqathi ezisuka engadini ukuze zigcinwe lapha.
Buka ividiyo ekuvuneni izaqathe kanye ne-beet:
Izindlela zokuvuna
Omunye udonsa izimpande ezivela emhlabathini, othile ugoba nge-pitchforks, umuntu uthatha ifosholo. Kanjani ukukwenza kahle? Ngaphambi kokuvuna umbhede nemifino ungamanzi.
Kungcono ukuphazamisa amafoloko angacabangi, ukusekela impande ngomsila. Amafomu kufanele ahlelwe ngokuqondile ngaphandle kwe-5 cm ukusuka emgqeni. Lokhu kuzosiza ekugwemeni ama-microtraumas, ngoba ukhiye wokugcina isitoreji esihle kungumzimba oqinile. Ngakho-ke, ukushaya izimpande zomunye nomunye ukuzulazula phansi akukhuthazwa.
Susa inhlabathi engaphezulu kwempande engcono ngezandla ezigqamile. Khona-ke udinga ukusika iziqongo, ukusika, hhayi ukuphumula, ushiye umsila u-1-1.5 cm, ushiye umile amahora amaningana. Ukutshala amahlamvu kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha, njengoba lokhu kuzogcina izakhi. Bese uhlunga izithelo, susa imifino ehluthiwe futhi ewonakele ukuze ugweme ukubola.
Abanye abalimi bayeluleka le ndlela yokusika iziqongo ze-carrot - ukusika u-0.5-1 cm we-top of the root. Uma ngabe kusetshenziswe indlela enjalo, kubalulekile ukuthi ubambe imifino isikhashana ngaphambi kokubeka endaweni yokugcina - kuze kube yilapho ukusika okungenhla kuhlanganiswa ne-crust, ngaphandle kwalokho izithelo ziyobola ngesikhathi esifushane. Esikhathini sezulu sezulu kungathatha izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuba zome emgodini, ngisho nangeviki.
Imifino yomsuka akufanele igezwe ngaphambi kokugcina.! I-beet ehlambulukile ne-izaqathe zingagcinwa egumbini lemifino yesitsha esiqandisini esikhwameni sepulasitiki inyanga eyodwa.
Imigomo yokugcina izitshalo zezimpande
- Ekamelweni lokushisa, ama-beet nama-karoti agcinwa okungaphezu kweviki.
- Emasakeni epulasitiki esiqandisini - izinyanga ezingu-1-2.
- Ubilisiwe efrijini - inyanga eyodwa.
- Emiphongolweni emabhokisini avaliwe - izinyanga ezingu-5-8.
- Emiphongolweni ye-coniferous sawdust noma igobolondo lobumba - kuze kufike isivuno esilandelayo.
- Emiphongolweni yasesihlabathini - izinyanga ezingu-6-8.
- Engadini - kuze kufike isivuno esisha.
Kukuphi nokuthi yini okumele ugcine ukuhlanza kwabo ekhaya?
Ungagcina ekhaya (efulethini), kokubili ebhodini elinesiglasi, emgodini ophansi (engaphansi), nasensimini. Kodwa indawo engcono kakhulu yokugcina imifino akungabazeki ukuthi i-cellar.. Kuhlale kumnyama, ngokushisa njalo nomswakama.
Lungisa isilashala kusengaphambili. Ukuphuma emoyeni, uma kunesidingo - ukomile, uphathelene nama-fungus, hlola ukuthi kukhona izimbobo ezivela kumagundane. Ukuze unciphise umswakama, ungafaka amabhokisi ngosawoti noma amalahle emaceleni epansi. Uma ugcoba izindonga zendlu encane nge-quicklime, ungabulala izinyoni ezimbili ngetshe elilodwa: lime bese uphilisa, bese wenza umoya oshayo.
I-TIP: Ngakho ukuthi amagundane awayebheki, ungasebenzisa izicupho nge-bait, ukwesaba noma uphathe ikamelo ngezindlela ezikhethekile.
Yikuphi ukushisa nomswakama okufanele kube?
Emazingeni okushisa asondelene ne-zero, i-metabolism ihamba kancane, efaka ukuphepha okukhulu kwezitshalo ezimpande. Abanaso isikhathi sokuphumula. Ukushisa kwesitoreji se-izaqathi kanye ne-beet akufanele kube ngama-degrees angaphezu kuka-10, ngoba ngisho nangama-+5 degrees, amaqabunga angahle aphulwe, awakwazi ukususwa ngokuphelele.
Uma umswakama uphansi, usongela ukulimala kwezitshalo, uma kuphakeme, kugcwele ukubola. Ngakho-ke, umswakama kufanele ugcinwe cishe kuma-85 kuya ku-90%.
Ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nokushisa okudingekayo kwesitoreji lungatholakala kulesi sihloko.
Izinketho
Ama-beet yizilimo ezitshalisa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, imithetho elandelayo yokugcina kufanele ibonwe:
- Ukulala emabheni noma amabhokisi, ekushiseni kwama-degrees angaba ngu-3, baqamba amanga ngokuphelele ebusika egumbini elingaphansi.
- Kugcinwe kahle kumahlombe amazambane, okuhlanganyela kuwo ngokweqile komswakama.
- Ebhokisini ngaphandle kwemigodi, efafazwe ngesihlabathi esimanzi phansi.
- Emasakeni epulasitiki ka-15-20 kg.
- Engadini enemijondolo encane. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukumba imbobo eyi-40 cm ejulile, izitshalo zezimpande zifakwe lapho ngesimo se-prism (ukuphakama kwamapremu 1-1.3 m), ehlanganiswe ngendwangu ebanzi yensimbi ukuze ikolera ibe m 2 m high, ehlanganiswe umhlaba futhi ihlanganiswe neqhwa ebusika. Ngaphambi kokubeka, kuyadingeka ukwelapha nge-choki powder (200 g we-choki nge 10 kg wezinyosi).
I-karoti kunzima ukugcina esimweni esiphakeme ngoba sinesikhumba esincane, okuyinto ephethe kahle umswakama, izimpande ngokushesha ziyancipha futhi zome. Izikhwama zepulasitiki ezinekhono lama-20-30 kg zizosiza ukulondoloza umswakama okudingekayo. Izitshalo zomsuka zilala ngo-2/3 zazo, zifafazwe nge-sawdust phezulu, akudingekile ukuba zibophe izikhwama ukuze umfutho awufaki.
I-carrot "ihembe lesobumba" ibuye ihlale kahle - kukhulunywa ngodaka (ubumba buhlanjululwa ngesigamu ngamanzi), siphuza isanqante kulesi sikhulumi bese siyomisa. Esikhathini esinjalo, izaqathe zigcina i-juiciness yazo kahle futhi zingahlahlo.
Ungasindisa kanjani ubusika?
Izaqathe zingagcinwa ngezindlela eziningana.:
Ukomisa izaqathe ekhaya;- ipholile;
- ukuma;
- ukukhansela.
Ukomisa izaqathe ekhaya;Lezi zindlela ezinamandla kakhulu zomsebenzi, kodwa zisetshenziselwa kaningi, ngoba zizogcina zingcono zonke izakhi zemifino ebusika. Ukuqhwaza kwama-karoti nakho kusetshenziselwa, lapho imifino encane ehlanjululwayo igxiliwe kwi-grater futhi ifakwe efrijini. Ungabonisa umcabango bese wenza ukusika okukhazimulayo. Futhi ebusika obubandayo uyojabula ngokuxuba okujabulisayo kwemifino (izaqathe, pepper elimnandi, i-peas eluhlaza).
Gwema ukugcina izimpande zezitshalo nama-apula ekamelweni elilodwa; lokhu kuzovumela ukugcina izitshalo zezimpande isikhathi eside.
Ukuvuna i-beet kanye ne-izaqathe kuyinkinga futhi kumele kuhanjiswe ngokuziphendulela.. Uma wenza konke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi ulandele lemithetho elula yokugcina, imifino yakho evela engadini izoba yintsha kuze kube entwasahlobo, mhlawumbe kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka wokuvuna.
