Isivakashi kusuka ema-subtropics - isikhwama se-Tsirtomium nezinye izinhlobo: izithombe nokunakekelwa ekhaya

I-herbaceous fern tsirtomium engapheli iyisitshalo esihle kakhulu sefulethini lomuzi.

Kuyinto engenangqondo futhi ayidingi ukunakekelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, ibekezelela ukushisa kahle, ingesabi ama-drafts futhi imelana nezifo.

Ukuphakama kwe-circomium ngokuvamile akudluli ama-50-60 cm. Amaqabunga aqinile futhi anamahloni (abizwa ngokuthi iVayi) afana nempaphe enkulu.

Abanayo isitshalo esivamile futhi bakhule ngqo kusuka efihlekile ama-rhizomes. Ibutho elinyene "lezimpaphe" ezinjalo libukeka lihle futhi lihle kakhulu, ngakho-ke i-circtomium ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa umhlobiso wokuhlobisa wendlu.

Umlando wemvelaphi

I-Tsirtomium ingomndeni wakwaShishinivnikov. Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezingaphezu kwezingu-10, kodwa i-cortomy ene-crescent ifakwe ethandwa kakhulu. Isakazwa kabanzi ezindaweni ezihlala endaweni enezitshalo ezishisayo nezomhlaba oshisayo - e-Asia, e-India, eKorea, eJapane, njll. Ubunjwa bomzimba bamaqabunga buye kwaholela ekukhuleni kwamagama athandwayo e-Great Britain lapho ebizwa ngokuthi i-holly, holly, fern engcwele. I-cytromium crescent ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-fishtail fern.

Ukubukwa kusuka esithombeni

I-Tsirtomium ingeyomndeni we-Thymus. Ezinhlobonhlobo ezingu-12 ezitholakala emvelweni, okusabalalisa kakhulu kukhona:

• isikhwama;
• forchuna;
• i-carytoid;
• ukukhululeka okukhulu;
• I-Hooker.

Ukugula

Kuyinto ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabaflorisi. Leli gama lalinomphela ngenxa yezingqimba futhi likhomba amaqabunga asemaphethelweni. Amafreyini akhe aphezulu afinyelela isikhala sama-20 cm.
Okudumile kunazo zonke "i-Rochfordianum", i-subspecies yamasiko engamaqabunga aneziqabunga ezihamba kahle, ezikhuphukela ku-50 cm.

Forchuna

Umbono ongenamakhaza kakhulu izwe lakubo yizindawo zasehlathini zaseChina naseKorea. Emazwe asezingeni elifudumele lokushisa, njengaseNtshonalanga Yurophu, uyakwazi ukubanda ebusika, kodwa udinga indawo yokuhlala.

I-forchun ikhula kuze kube ngu-50 cm ngobubanzi no-40 cm ukuphakama, inamaqabunga amancane ane-vein central veincent.

Cariotovid

Ngaphandle, okuncane kufana nomuntu ojwayelekile. Ibonakala ngeziqu ezincane, ehlanganiswe nezikali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amaqabunga akhulu, ama-spiky emaphethelweni.

Izithombe ze-subspecies ye-Cytromium cariota-like:

Iqabunga elikhulu

Ubukhulu be-Circurium enkulu-evinjelwe ngokugcwele ngokuvumelana negama layo. Ama-Frond akhula afika ku-70 cm ubude futhi ububanzi buka-30 cm. Zakhiwa ngama-4-8 amabili "wempaphe", efana namaqabunga avamile.

Iqabunga elingenayo i-apical likhulu kakhulu kunezinye, amapuleti amaqabunga anesisekelo esizungezile nesiphuzu esicacile.

I-Hooker

Okungaphezulu kakhulu izinhlobo ezingavamile. Ubude bamaqabunga abo obuhlaza obumnyama bufinyelela ku-15 cm, ububanzi bawo buba ngu-5 cm. Ukuma kwamaqabunga i-lanceolate. I-Vayi ikhula ibe ngu-60 cm.

Ukunakekelwa ekhaya

Ingxube ehlanganisa i-peat, humus, sphagnum ne-sand coarse iyoba efanelekile njengenhlabathi; akukubi ukufaka i-pine bark eqoshiwe kulokhu okwakhiwe. Kunconywa ukubeka amanzi embizeni.

Ukukhanyisa

Ukukhanyisa okukhanyayo kwe-circomium kunqatshelwe, kanye naye, ukutshala ukukhula kunciphisa.

Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokumbiza nge-fern, i-windows sill yefasitela ebheke enyakatho nanoma iyiphi indawo evulekile ngokukhanya okungafani kahle kuphelele. Ezinyangeni ezifudumele kungaba yindawo yokuhlala noma ibhaluni.

Ukushisa

Zonke izinhlobo azifuni kakhulu ukushisa kwemoya futhi ziyakwazi ukumelana nokudonsa kwayo kuya ku-5 ° С. Okukhululekile kunazo zonke ukushisa okungama-20. entwasahlobo nasehlobo futhi ngo-15-18 ebusika.

Umswakama

Ngenxa yokuthi amaqabunga aminyene aphuza umswakama kancane kancane, I-fern ayingozi emoyeni owomile, kodwa kufanele ihlungwe njalo. Yenza kangcono ngamanzi athambile. Ekushiseni okukhulu, kunconywa ukubeka ibhodlela ngamatshe amanzi.

Ukunisela nokudla

Phakathi nesikhathi sokukhula, okuqala kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Okthoba, i-tsitromium iyadingeka ekunkcenkcesheni okuningi okungaphezu kuka 2-3 izikhathi ngesonto.

Ekwindla nasebusika sekwephuzile, lapho ukukhula kuyeka, ukuchelela kuncishisiwe kuncishisiwe.

Kulesi simo, inhlabathi ebhodweni akumele isuke ngokuphelele, kungenjalo isitshalo singase sife.

Ukondla i-tsirtomium kuyasiza kakhulu kunama-fertilizer eziphilayo. Njengoba izimpande zaso zizwela kakhulu ekufakweni kwenhlabathi ngamanyolo wamaminerali, kunconywa ukusebenzisa isisombululo se-concentration-half.

Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo iziqondiso zokutshala nokufakelwa kabusha

Ukufakelwa kwe-circumcium kwenziwa njengoba kudingekile lapho izimpande zigcwalisa yonke ibhodlela bese ziqala ukubonisa kusuka emigodini yokugeleza. Njengomthetho, ukufakelwa kwesitshalo kuyadingeka minyaka yonke, i-fern ikhula ngokushesha futhi iba yinyene. Lesi sitshalo asifuni, sibekezelela ukuguquka kwendawo futhi siyashintsha ngokushesha emhlabathini omusha.

Ukufakelwa kabusha uzodinga:

• Ibhodlela.
• Ukuxuba kwenhlabathi.
• Ummese okhaliphile (ukuqoshwa okuhle).
• Izikhali

Inqubo yenziwa ngezigaba eziningana:

1. Ukulungele ukufakelwa isitshalo kufanele kususwe ngokucophelela embizeni yakudala. Qaphela futhi uqaphele - izimpande ze-fern zilula futhi ziphukile kalula.
2. Susa umhlabathi owengeziwe kusuka ezimpandeni bese uwahlola. Imfihlo eyinhloko yokufika ngokuphumelelayo kwe-tsitromiuma - ukususwa kwezingxenye ezimele. Sebenzisa ummese noma isisindo ukuze ususe amahlumela amade aphelile futhi angadingekile.
3. Lungiselela ibhodlela elisha. Kumele kube mkhulu, kodwa ube nokujula okuncane.
4. Ngezansi, faka ungqimba obuningi bamanzi. Njengomthetho, i-claydite isetshenziselwa le njongo.
5. Gcwalisa isitsha nge mix fern. Yenziwe nge-peat, amalahle, i-sphagnum, ishlabathi namagxolo. Umhlabathi kufanele ube nokukhanya kahle futhi umoya omuhle.
6. Gubha isitshalo ebhodweni elisha bese wengeza inhlanganisela yenhlabathi kuyo. Ungagcini okuningi kwezimpande zesitshalo. Qaphela ukuthi i-collar yezimpande ihlala ngaphezu kwezinga lomhlabathi.
7. Amanzi isitshalo esitshalisiwe.

Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo kuhle kakhulu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kuze kuvele ama-frond amasha.

Ukuzala

Uhlukanisa isihlahla

Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, i-fern ingasakazwa ngokuhlukanisa ama-rhizomes ayo ukuze ingxenye ngayinye ibe namaphuzu amaningana okukhula.

Izingxabano

I-Cytromium ingandiswa yizinhlamvu ezivela ekwindla engxenyeni engezansi yeqabunga. Ukuze ukukhiqizwa kuphumelele, kuyadingeka:

• usike ishidi ngezinhlamvu bese uyomisa esikhwameni sephepha;
• gcwalisa i-tray ngemigodla engezansi ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi nendawo ephethe isitsha ngamanzi;
• uthele ngokucophelela izinhlamvu emhlabathini;
• ukumboza i-tray ngefilimu ebonakalayo, ushiye i-slot yokuhambisa umoya, ufake endaweni evulekile endaweni yokushisa kwamahhala;
• emva kokuhluma kwe-spore (emva kwamasonto ambalwa), inhlabathi kufanele iphuze kanye njalo emva kwezinsuku ezingu-2-3 ngamanzi athambile;
• emva kokuvela kwamaqabunga ambalwa, izithombo ezincane zihluma.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Zonke izinhlobo ze-Crtromium ziyakwazi ukulwa nezifo ngokwanele. kodwa lapho ebeletha ekhaya, kungase kuvele izinkinga ezithile.

Uma amaqabunga ephenduka aphuzi, amabala asundu avela kubo, ngakho-ke isizathu sokushisa kwezinga eliphezulu nokuphuza okwanele.

Amaqabunga aphendukile futhi aphilile, isizathu - ukukhanya okukhulu, ilanga eliqondile.
Amathiphu amaqabunga athola i-hue brownish, amahlumela amasha akhuli, isizathu sokuntuleka kokudla.

Amaqabunga amancane asekhaleni nokuwa, isizathu sokushisa okuphansi, ama-drafts aqinile.

Izinambuzane ziyingozi:

• isihlangu;
• i-mealybug

Isihlangu siqoqa isisindo seseli, amaqabunga aqala ukuphenduka aphule, isitshalo sife.

Ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukuhlola ubuso beqabunga, ukupompa njalo.

I-mealybug kanye nezibungu zayo zondla uketshezi kwezitshalo, ngaleyo ndlela zinciphise ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwazo. Njengoba imbungu ingahambisani nokuswakama, ungakwazi ukulwa nayo ngokupomfa okuvamile. Uma kunezinambuzane eziningi, ukwelashwa ngamalungiselelo ezincane ze-microbiological kufanele kwenziwe.

Ngokuvamile, I-cirtomium inhle kakhulu ekuzaleni ngaphakathi. Le fern yokuhlobisa ehloniphekile iyohlobisa indlu yakho futhi izokwazi ukungena ngaphakathi ngaphakathi.

Amanye ama-ferns angaphakathi ahlanganisa: Pelley, Pteris, Nephrolepis, Asplenium, Adiantum, Davallia, Blehnum, Salvinia, Polypodium, Platiserium, Uzzhnik neGrozdnik.