Izinhlobo ezingu-200 - lokhu akuyona umkhawulo: polnoyadniki Brown, umkhonto, omnyama kanye nabanye abaningi

Umnumzane Mnogouradnik ungowomndeni wase Shchitovnikovye.

Izinhlobo zehlathi ezincane ezincane ezinama-rhizome ezincane, kanye namaqabunga amazinyo ombala omnyama.

Ngokuvamile zikhula ezindaweni ezimnyama ezindaweni ezinomhlabathi oswakanyisiwe, okhululekile futhi ogcwele.

Ayikho azifani nezidingo ezengeziwe zokunakekelwa. Njengomthetho, bakha izihlahla eziqinile ezilinganiselwe usayizi ohlangene, okwakubonakala sengathi kufana nombhobho.

UFern Mnogovornik ungowomndeni waseShitsvnikov kanye noChitovnik noKochezhednik. Kodwa-ke, uyaphuma emlandweni wabo ngomhlobiso okhethekile.

Izinhlobo

Kubo bonke abathandi be-ferns, irowu eningi ukuthola okutholile.

Le fern encane kakhulu enamaqabunga amahle esikhumba (i-vayyami).

Emvelweni, zikhona izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-200 ikakhulukazi ezikhungweni ezishisayo zaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia.

Nokho, kunezinhlobo ezihlala enyakatho enkulu, kuhlanganise naseRussia ephakathi, eBelarus nasezweni laseBaltic.

Okuvamile kulezi yizinhlobo ezilandelayo:

Brown

Kubhekwa njengenye yezinhlobo ezinhle kunazo zonke futhi ibonakala ngokuvama kwamahlamvu ebusika. I-rosette yesitshalo isuka kude ne-rhizome enamandla. Amakhasi abe nobude kuze kube ngamasentimitha angamashumi ayisikhombisa. Zithobile futhi zinesikhumba esinyene.

Zine-tint eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi zombili izinhlangothi zigcwele izinwele ezincane, ekugcineni lapho kukhona khona umbala omhlophe wombala. Amacwecwe ahlanganiswe ifilimu enombala obomvu eduze kwesiqu kanye nemivimbo emincane.

Amaqabunga anefomu le-lanceolate, esisekelweni aqiniswe kakhulu. I-scape ifushane. Zonke izinhlobo ze-sporangia ziqoqwe ku-okuthiwa i-sorus, etholakala ngaphansi kwepuleti, zine-bristle eyindilinga.

Lesi sitshalo sisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuhlobisa izindawo, ukuhlela nokutshala emasimini edwaleni. Brown iningi high hardiness ubusika.

Ukubukwa kwesithombe Brown Brown

Umsindo

Kucatshangwa izinhlobo ezingavamile. Kuyinto isitshalo okungapheli nge rhizome elikhulu futhi esifushane, okuyinto kakhulu ehlanganiswe nezinsalela of petioles deciduous. Amaqabunga anefomu le-lanceolate namacebiso abukhali. Ubude be-petioles bufinyelela cishe ngamamentimitha angu-7. Zigcwele amafilimu amakhulu amakhulu.

I-Sorus iqoqwe emigqeni emibili ehambisanayo. Lezi zitshalo zikhula emadwaleni, kanye nasemagqumeni amancane afana ne-coniferous. Iphindaphinda ngenxa yezingxabano ezivuthwa ngasekupheleni kwehlobo.

Ukubukwa kwesithombe Umsindo:

Isipho

Ibonakala ngobunzima bebusika. Ubude bamaqabunga obukhulu bungaphezu kwamamentimitha angamashumi amathathu, yi-cirrus nobusika obusika. Izimpaphe ze-Spore zinamathela eshadini ngenhla. I-Sori ifakwe ezinhlangothini zombili zomgogodla ophakathi futhi iqoqwe emigqeni emibili.

Amafreyimu ama-Greenish abe nokuphakama cishe amasentimitha angamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye. Ngokuba hardiness ebusika lolu hlobo lwesitshalo lungabonakala endaweni yesine. Izitshalo eziningi ezitshalwe kule penumbra.

Izinhlobo ze-Verkheplodny:

Kuvikelwe

Ingabe hhayi ebusika-eqinile. Iqukethe amaqabunga e-lanceolate kuhlaka, ubude obungafinyelela kumitha eyodwa. Amapulangwe ayenamahloni futhi aqoshiwe embala ohlaza obusika.

Ukubukwa kwesithombe Kuvikelwe:

Izingxenye ezintathu

Le fern ene-rhizome emfushane. Inhlabathi enomsoco enomhlabathi enezanele ezanele zomanyolo inhle kakhulu. Ngokuba hardiness ebusika kungenziwa kubangelwa indawo yesine. Lesi sitshalo sakha isihlahla esinomsoco esinokuphakama cishe ngamasentimitha angamashumi amane.

Ukuhlanganisa ama-rhizomes abonakala ngokukhula kancane. Amaqabunga amathathu anemibala eluhlaza okwakhiwa ngama-petioles ende. Izitshalo okusetshenziselwa kabanzi ngezinjongo zokuhlobisa ikakhulukazi ngenxa yobulula bayo. Akuvamile ukulimazwa yizilokazane noma izifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhula kahle enhlabathini ehlukene ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo zokukhanyisa.

Ukubukwa kwesithombe kwezingxenye ezintathu:

Ukuqothula

Ubunzima bebusika bubhekisela ezindaweni eziyisine nesithathu. Yena usayizi omncane - cishe amasentimitha angu-25. I-Cirrus namaqabunga ebusika aqoqwe emaceleni ensimbi. Amapulangwe angama-linear and arcuately curved. Njengomthetho, ama-brood buds akhula engxenyeni engenhla ye-fern, ethatha izimpande futhi isebenze njengesiqalo sesihlahla esisha.

Isithombe sombono wokuqothula:

Tsushima

Isitshalo esinamaqabunga amade amancane-anesigxathu emgqeni, kanye ne-double-penis. Ziyizikhumba futhi zinomthelela kulokhu okuthinta. Ngokwesilinganiso sokuqina kobusika kungokwendawo yesihlanu.

Ukubuka isithombe ku-Tsushima:

Prickly

Lesi sitshalo singamamitha amabili ubude. Amaqabunga awo anezakhiwo zokuhlobisa. Ziwubusika obusika, izinhlanzi ezimbili, ubuhlaza obumnyama. Ingxenyeni engenhla yensimu isinezinwele ezincane, ama-frond ayenesikhumba futhi kunomsoco. I-fern ayihambeli, yakha isihlahla esihlala njalo sefomu elungile.

Ukubuka isithombe kwe-Thorny:

I-multi-stranded

Kunzima kakhulu i-fern eyakha amahlumela amaqabunga amabili aqondiswe ngombala obumnyama obumnyama ngombala obomvu. Amaqabunga ane-axis enkulu, ehlanganiswe nezilinganiso ezincane ezibomvu. U-Sori wabuthana emgqeni owodwa engxenyeni engezansi yamashidi.

Isithombe sezinhlobo ze-Multiresnitchaty:

Bristle

Kuyinto isitshalo kunobusika-eqinile. Ukuphakama kwalesi fern kuvame ukufika amapentimitha ayikhulu. Kubonakala ngamaqabunga ebusika ngesakhiwo esinamafutha nombala omnyama omnyama. Amashidi e-cirrus anemiphetho egijimile, ekupheleni kwawo amancane ama-bristles akhiwa. I-fern inikezwa ngesimo se-openwork bush enezikhulu ezinkulu.

Yena kucatshangwa ngokuhlobisa Kodwa-ke, kunconywa kuphela ukusetshenziswa okulinganiselwe ezindaweni ezivulekile, ezivikelekile ngokuqinile emoyeni obandayo nasezingxenyeni.

I-substrates evundile futhi elula enomswakama olinganiselayo ayifanele.

Kusukela kuwo kutholwe ama-subspecies amaningi, afaka phakathi okulandelayo:

I-Congestum

Unokuphakama okungaphezu kwamamentimitha amathathu, ubusika, amaqabunga amnyama aluhlaza. Kuyinto izinhlobonhlobo ezincane ngamaqabunga alungile, kanye nempaphe esondelene, okuyinto, njengomthetho, ihlangana phakathi komunye nomunye.

I-subspecies yesithombe i-Congestum:

I-Dakhlem

I-Evergreen fern namaqabunga angama-triangular enemibala eluhlaza. Ama-Fronds azinamathemba futhi athuthukise nge-petioles enombala egolide, enembobe encane. Isihlahla esiphezulu esifundeni sithatha izindawo ezinomthunzi wokukhula.

I-subspecies yesithombe uDadhlem:

Herrenhausen

Isitshalo esimnandi esinamaqabunga aqabunga futhi amancane futhi anamaqabunga akha ama-funnel wesimo esivamile. Le fern ayinayo impahla enwabuzelayo Ubusika obusika kakhulu, ungasetshenziswa njengesitshalo sezinto zokuhlobisa amashumi ambalwa eminyaka.

I-subspecies yesithombe i-Herrenhausen:

I-Plumozum-Densum

Ikhula ibe ngamasentimitha angu-45. Isihlahla sineziqondiso eziqondile namaqabunga amhlophe, zidwetshwe ngotshani olucebile oluhlaza. Kule fern, khetha izindawo ezinomoya ophethwe kahle, ezivikelwe emashikheni nasolangeni oluqondile.

Ama-subspecies we-Photos Plumozum-Densum:

Volastoni Proliferum

Isitshalo esiphansi Ifomu elihle, elilingana, amaqabunga amade ombala ohlaza.

Isithombe se-subspecies Proliferum Volastoni:

I-Shiney Holi Farms

UFern, okuphakama kwakhe kufikela ngamasentimitha angaba ngu-40. Amaqabunga aminyene futhi anezinhlanzi kulokhu okuthinta, ziluhlaza okombala, futhi zinamathele kuma-petioles amancane.

I-subspecies yezithombe Shini Farms Holy:

Ukunakekelwa ekhaya

Umswakama nokukhanyisa

Ngokuba ukutshalwa kwemigqa eminingi yohlobo oluthile kungcono ukukhetha isakhiwo nomswakama ophezulu. Ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo ivikelekile ekukhanyeni kwelanga eliqondile, kanye nasezindaweni ezifakiwe kanye nomoya obandayo.

Amaningi awo angakhula kalula emthunzini, engadini, engxenyeni evundile kakhulu enamanzi amaningi.

Njengoba ekuqaleni ungumuthi wehlathi, iMigqa eminingi ingakhula ensimini evulekile. Uyazibamba ngaphandle kwezinkinga ngisho ngaphandle kokukhosela.

Amanye ama-ferns abusika ebusika afanele ukuzalanisa engadini noma ezindaweni zokulima ahlanganisa: I-Ostrich, Kochedzhnik, Osmund, Bubble,
Adiantum, Schitovnik, i-Orlyak.

Kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, enye i-substrate kumele ihlinzekwe: amatshe amakhulu enomhlabathi omncane phakathi kwabo. Kuleso simo izitini eziphukile ngokuphelele.

Ukufakelwa nokutshala izihlahla

Le fern ayidingi ukudluliselwa okuvamile. Ngakho-ke, ukufakelwa okulodwa kuphela ngonyaka kuzokwanela.

Yenziwa entwasahlobo, iqoqa ibhodlela ngosayizi. Ngoba izitshalo zidinga ukuphuza amanzi amaningi.

Kodwa-ke, akudingekile ukuvumela ukwakhiwa kwamanzi aphefumulayo, ngoba lokhu kuzothinta kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo.

Ukuvimbela into enjalo kuyosiza ukulungisa amanzi.

Kanti futhi emakhakheni entwasahlobo, okuvumela ukuba ulahle izingxenye ezifile noma ezilimale zesihlahla samahlathi.

Ukuzala

Imigqa eminingi ingasakazwa ngezindlela eziningana. Lokhu kwenzeka njalo ngokuhlukanisa ama-rhizomes amahlathi noma ama-cuttings. Ukukhiqizwa kubalwa nezinhlamvu, kodwa kulokhu kunzima ukufeza umphumela omuhle ekhaya.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwemifino ehlathini kufanele kwenziwe ngasentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza, noma ekupheleni kwesikhathi sehlobo.

Inqwaba yezinhlobo zamafomu ahlukahlukene-irowu i-brood ekhethekile efihlekile, ezihlanganiswe namaqabunga bese zikhula zibe amahlumela amasha, zigxotshiwe ngokuzimela emhlabathini.

Ezinye imigqa ye-polysper ingaxhuma enhlabathini ngamafihlethi akhula kuma-petioles.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Umugqa oseduze kakhulu ukumelana nomonakalo izinambuzane eziningi nezifo. Ngakho-ke, kuyinto engavamile kakhulu ukuba isitshalo sibone noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuphazanyiswa. Inkathazo eyingozi kunazo zonke isilinganiso. Ukuze uvikele i-fern kuso, kubalulekile ukuyiphatha nge-chemical substance ngaphambi kokuba uguqulwe.