IHibiscus (i-rose yase-China) ngumndeni wama-malvaceous, osatshalaliswa kabanzi ezindaweni ezisendaweni engezansi neendaweni ezishisayo.
Le mbali inezinhlobo eziningi: Izitshalo ezinotshani, izihlahlana nezihlahla ziyatholakala.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo ze-hibiscus yengadi
Emvelweni, cishe izinhlobo ezingama-300 zama roses aseChina. Endaweni ephakathi nesimo sezulu esifudumele, abanye babo kuphela abangakhula futhi baqhakaze:
- ISyria - ukuphakama ngamamitha angama-6, isho izihlahlana ezinamandla. Amaqabunga amise okwamaqanda anezimbali ezingashishili ngemibala ehlukene.
- IDuc de Brabant uhlobo lwe-hibiscus yaseSyria ekhula ibe ngamamitha ayi-2 ukuphakama, isiqu sinombala onsundu ngombala, amaqabunga agcwele aluhlaza ngombala. Ama-blooms at izimbali eziphindwe kabili zemibala onsomi nebomvu lonke ihlobo.
- I-Ardens isihlahla esinqumayo esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,5 ukuphakama ngesithsaba esimnandi nesihle, amaqabunga amile okweqanda, amatshe amathathu, ipuleti eliluhlaza. Blooms nezimbali ezinsomi onsomi.
- UZiqu-zintathu - ukhula e-Afrika, uyisihlahla esinhlamvu kakhulu. Kubizwa lokhu ngenxa yokwakheka kwamaqabunga amathathu, amahlumela aphuzi anombala obomvu akhiwa phakathi kwezono.
- I-Hybrid - isitshalo esingapheli sinezimbali ezinkulu ezinemibala ehlukahlukene.
- I-Grassy - Izinhlobo ezilwa neqhwa ze-hibiscus, isikhathi sezimbali kusuka ngo-Agasti kuya kuSepthemba. Iziqu zikhulu, zifana nelanga, izimbali zimhlophe noma zipinki.
- UMarshy - izinhlobonhlobo zaphakade ezinomumo wamaqabunga angenhliziyo nenhliziyo ne-lilac, okusajingijolo, izimbali ezibomvu nezibubende. Ibekezelela iqhwa phansi liye ku-30 ° C.
Ukufika kwangaphandle
Ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile wezimbali kwenziwa entwasahlobo kuze kube yiqhwa. Ungatshala ekwindla, kepha ngasikhathi sinye isisekelo sesiqu somzimba kumele simbozwe ngamagxolo kaphayini noma ngamagatsha e-spruce.
I-rose yaseChinese ingakhula endaweni eyodwa iminyaka engaba ngu-20, into esemqoka ukuthi indawo engadini isengxenyeni yelanga futhi ivaliwe kusuka emoyeni nasekubhalweni okungapheli. Umhlaba kufanele ube nokudla futhi ukhululeke, kufanele kudlule umoya namanzi kahle.
Ubuchwepheshe bokutshala i-hibiscus endaweni evulekile:
- Kwambiwa umgodi ojulile wokubamba, okufanele ube likhulu ngokulingana ihlumela, ngoba izimpande zidinga isikhala esiningi.
- Donsela phansi amasentimitha angu-4-5 awugqinsi aze abheke phansi, isitini esishayiwe, udaka olwandisiwe, amabhola wegwebu kanye nojikijolo bazokwenza.
- Isanti elixutshwe nomquba, i-humus, i-peat kanye neqabunga lomhlabathi ama-cm cm athululelwa ku-drainage layer.
- Isithombo sehibiscus sehlela emgodini futhi sikhule kahle, kubalulekile ukuthi intamo yezimpande ikhuphuke ngomhlabathi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshala kahle isitshalo emgodini.
- Ngemuva kokuba umgodi ugcwale inhlabathi, lesi sitshalo siyabiyela futhi siphuze.
IHibiscus isitshalwa entwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kwezimbali. Izimpande ezingaphezulu zisuswa impela, futhi isihlahlana siya endaweni entsha ngesigaxa somhlaba, ukuze uhlelo lwezimpande lungalimali. Ngaphambi kokutshala, umqhele wancitshwa kancane ukuze isitshalo siqala ngokushesha endaweni entsha.
Ingadi Hibiscus Ukunakekelwa
IHibiscus ikhula kahle emhlabathini othambile futhi ayibekezeleli i-limestone. Ukudonswa kwamanzi okuphoqelekile nokulinyelwa njalo, njengoba isihlahla sife endaweni enamamvula namanzi. Entwasahlobo, i-rose yaseChinese idinga ukwakha i-greenhouse, ngoba ithanda ukushisa nomswakama ophezulu, ehlobo izakhiwo ziyahlanzwa.
Uma inhlobo yotshani ikhula esizeni, kufanele iniselwe kaningi, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni zokuqala emva kokutshala. Ngemuva kwezihlahla eziqhakaza izimbali ukunciphisa umswakama.
Lapho utshala entwasahlobo ukuthola ubusika obunempumelelo, kungakuhle ukufaka izithombo zenhlabathi phansi kwesitshalo. Mboza ngamagatsha e-fir spruce noma ngamagxolo kaphayini. Ngemuva kwesihlahla, faka amanzi kakhulu, uthukulula inhlabathi ezimpandeni, usike amagatsha uhlanganise nomanyolo. Ngokunakekela ngokucophelela, lesi sitshalo siqhakaza kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya kuSepthemba.
Ukuchelela kwenziwa njengoba umhlaba womisa phansi kwe-hibiscus, amanzi kufanele abe ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa, lapho isimo sezulu esishisayo inani laso liphindwe kabili. Uma isitshalo singenawo umswakama owenele, bese sehlisa amaqabunga.
Ukufaka phezulu esihlahleni kuyadingeka entwasahlobo nasehlobo, imvamisa ephindwe kabili ngesonto. Umanyolo ofanele we-phosphorus.
Ukulima umhlaba njalo kusiza isistimu yezimpande ukuphefumula futhi igcwale izakhamzimba.
Kuyelulekwa ukunisela izingadi ama-roses ama-Chinese entwasahlobo noma ngoJuni, kunomthelela omuhle kwezimbali, unikeza ukwakheka okuhle nokuhle. Izinhlobo Zokuncipha:
- Ukweluka, lapho izinqubo ezibuthakathaka nezindala zisuswa;
- Ukugqugquzela kwenziwa ngoMashi-Ephreli futhi kuyadingeka ukukhula okuhle nokuqhakaza kwezimbali ekuqaleni;
- Ukulungiswa, ngosizo lwayo, ukwakheka okulungile nokuhlobisa kunikezwa umqhele wesihlahla;
- Autumn senziwa emva zom.
Umuthi omncane udinga ukunakekelwa okufanele ngaphambi kokushiswa: kufanele usikwe, uniselwe kakhulu futhi ufakwe ngamagatsha e-spruce, humus, compost noma sawdust eyomile. Ngemuva kokusonga ngendwangu yekotini nokugoba phansi, ungasebenzisa i-mini-greenhouse ekhethekile.
Izici zokuzalela kwe-hibiscus
Ukusakazeka kwesitshalo kwenzeka ngezindlela ezintathu.
Imbewu
Lesi sitshalo sikhula kusuka ngasekupheleni kukaJanuwari kuya kuMashi. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu, kuyadingeka ukuyamelana nayo ngesixazululo esiqinile se-potanganum permanganate isigamu sehora, bese uyihlisela kwisisombululo ngesivuseleli sokukhula kosuku. Ngemuva kwalokho, izinto zokutshala zihlwanyelwa esitsheni esine-peat nesihlabathi, amboze ngefilimu noma ngengilazi. Izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi ebhodweni kufanele okungenani libe ngu-+ 27 ° C. Emini, ungakhohlwa ukuvula i-polyethylene bese unika amandla isithombo, kanye namanzi kuningi futhi ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi. Ngokushesha lapho kuvela amaqabunga amathathu okuqala, udinga ukutshala izithombo ezimbizeni ezihlukile, ukuze uzinikeze ukukhanya okuhle. Umhlaba esizeni ekupheleni kukaMeyi.
Izimbumbulu
Sika amahlumela ngama-internode amathathu bese welapha ingxenye engezansi yesitshalo nge-stimulator yokukhula. Ngemuva kokufakelwa ebhodweni nge-peat filler bese ufaka abamba ukushisa ngokushisa okungekho ngaphansi kuka + 27 ° C. Ngokushesha lapho amahlumela eqala ukwanda, adinga ukuphinwe futhi atshalwe ezitsheni ezahlukahlukene. Thela umhlabathi we-turf nesihlabathi ebhodweni. Lapho nje isihlahla sikhula, singatshalwa ekhishini lasehlobo. Izimbali zizoqala ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala.
Ukuhlukaniswa kweRhizome
Bumba i-hibiscus kusuka emgodini, khomba impande enkulu bese uyinquma yaba izingxenye ezimbili. Masinyane phatha ucezwana ngomlotha, bese ungcwaba impande entsha emgodini ngokhuni olunqunywe phansi, olwaphathwa ngaphambilini nge-stimulator yokukhula. Thela ngamanzi afudumele.
Izinkinga ezinkulu lapho kukhula engadini
I-hibiscus yengadi ithintwa yizinambuzane futhi isengozini yezifo:
- Izinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu kwi-rose yamaShayina ama-aphid kanye nemikhaza. Ungasindisa lesi sitshalo ekuhlaselweni kwalezi zinambuzane ngokutshala i-lavender eseduze, nangesikhathi sehlobo geranium. Lokhu kuzosabisa ama-aphid futhi ngasikhathi sinye kwakha ukuhlelwa kwezimbali ezinhle endaweni. Uma izitshalo ezinjalo zingafuni ukutshalwa, ungasiphatha lesi sitshalo ngama-insecticides. Lapho ulwa ne-spider mite, kuzofanele usebenze kanzima, ngoba kunzima ukuyikhipha, udinga ukusebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile: Fitoverm, Taurus.
- Isifo esiyinhloko sesihlahla chlorosis. Kuqala ngokuntuleka kwensimbi ne-nitrogen. Amaqabunga aphenduka kancane aphuzi, awe, amahlumela amasha ambozwe ukuqhakaza okuphuzi nokugoba. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, udinga ukondla i-hibiscus njalo, uma lesi sifo sesivele sithuthuka, bese wethula uhlamvu lwensimbi enhlabathini futhi ngaphezu kwalokho fafaza amaqabunga ngalo.
- Ukupunga amaqabunga kungenzeka ngenxa yomhlabathi owomile, ukuthambisa kufanele kwandiswe, futhi inkinga izohamba iyodwa. Futhi, lobu bubi bungenzeka ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka kohlelo lwezimpande ngesikhathi sokufakelwa noma ukukhululwa kwenhlabathi. Kulokhu, kuyathandeka ukuqinisa izimpande zesihlahlana ngokuzifaka kwisisombululo sokukhulisa nokukhuthaza izimpande, ngokwesibonelo, iKornevin, futhi uzifafaze ngamaqabunga.
- Ukuwa kwamaqabunga esitshalweni kuwuphawu lwe-hibiscus yaseSyria, ngoba kungokwezinhlobo zezilwane ezinqumayo. Ngokwesimo esinezikhathi ezinotshani, ukufa kwengxenye yonke yomoya kungemakhaza. Uma kuqala ngaphambi kwesheduli futhi amaqabunga eqala ukuphenduka, lapho-ke udinga ukuphatha isitshalo ngendlela efanayo nangephuzi.
UMnu Dachnik uyeluleka: kanjani ukulungisa i-hibiscus ebusika?
Ukuze kukhule kahle futhi kuqhakaze izimbali eziningi ngonyaka olandelayo, shrub kufanele ilungiselelwe kahle ubusika:
- Okokuqala, nquma izinhlobonhlobo ze-hibiscus: ukumelana nesithwathwa kuphela ukumboza nge-lapnik, futhi ukuthanda ukushisa ukudlulisa ebhodweni endaweni efudumele ebusika. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi inhlobo efana nesihlahla iphonsa amaqabunga ebusika.
- Gcoba isistimu yezimpande nge-potassium ekwindla, uyeke ukondla ngomanyolo we-nitrogen.
- Amanzi kuze kube yisithwathwa sokuqala 1 isikhathi emavikini ama-2.
- Fudumeza inhlabathi ngaphansi kwesihlahla somthi ngezihlahla zikaphayini, sawdust, komquba noma nge-humus ngobukhulu bamasentimitha ayi-10.
- Mboza i-hibiscus ngento ekhethekile noma wakhe abamba ukushisa.
Ukukhula kwe-hibiscus (i-Chinese rose) kuyindaba elula, uma ulandela yonke imithetho nezincomo, khona-ke imbali izoba ngumhlobiso wangempela wensimu.
