Imifino Yamakhosi - I-Asparagus Enhle (I-Asparagus)

I-asparagus emhlophe (i-Asparagus L.) iye yaziwa kusukela esikhathini esidala ngokufunda lesi sihloko futhi uzothola uhlobo luni lwemifino.

Njengoba sekudlule izinkathi zokungaqapheli nokuthandwa, namuhla lesi sitshalo siyaziwa sithandwa kakhulu njengento yokulima, ukudla okuthakazelisayo ekuphekeni, umthombo wezinto zokwelapha zokwelapha.

Incazelo

I-Asparagus iyisigqila somndeni we-lily, umelana kakhulu nesithwathwa, ekhula kahle emhlabathini ovundile nokukhanya.

I-Asparagus emasimini ingaba yilabo bantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-20.

Isitshalo se-Herbaceous dioecious, phezu kwezimbali zesilisa lapho kutholakala khona impova; phezu kwabesifazane, ama-ovari, bese kuthiwa amajikijolo abomvu ajikelezayo, i-polysemy.

Ukufika ku-2 m phezulu ngezinqubo eziningi zezinaliti, ama-rhizomes anamandla anika amahlumela amaningi, lapho amahlumela adla khona.

Ziqukethe
• amavithamini weqembu A;
• amino acid asparagine kanye ne-arginine;
• i-carbohydrate;
• amafutha abalulekile;
• inqwaba yamaminerali kanye nezici zokulandelela: selenium, manganese, potassium, calcium, sodium, ithusi, i-phosphorus.

I-asparagus emhlophe ingatholakala cishe wonke unyaka, kuye ngokuthi indlela yokulima.

Izithombe ezisuka kulesi sitshalo sokuqala semifino:

Ezinye izinhlobo ezivamile ezibizwa ngokuthi i-Asparagus kuwebhusayithi yethu: Isibhamu, Isifo, Isibhamu, Umlingisi.

Ukukhiqiza, ukulima, ukunakekelwa

Ekupheleni kukaMashi, ungaqala ukukhula izithombo (indlela yokukhiqiza yokukhiqiza).

Imbewu ingakafakwa emanzini afudumele izinsuku ezimbili, kuyasiza ukwengeza ukukhula okukhuthazayo.

Ezitsheni ezinezinhlabathi ezikhanyayo (ingxenye eyodwa ye-peat, isihlabathi, umquba ezingxenyeni ezimbili zomhlabathi), imbewu ihlwanyela ngokungabi ngaphezu kuka 2 cm, kude no-5-6 cm komunye nomunye.

Izimo ezifanele zokuhluma ziwumswakama omuhle wehlabathi futhi i-t ° ingaphansi kwe-25 ° C.

Amahlumela avela ngesonto kufanele aphinde aphucwe ngezikhathi ezithile ngamanzi.

Ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwezithombo kungathi inyanga, ngalesi sikhathi kudingeka ukhulule inhlabathi futhi uchithe izitshalo.

Uma uhlela ukuqhubeka ukhula izithombo ekhaya, zonke izinsuku ezimbalwa kufanele uphendule amabhokisi ngezithombo ukuze zikhanyise ezinhlangothini ezahlukene.

Ukufakelwa kwezihlahla zezitshalo emhlabathini ovulekile kungenziwa ekuqaleni kukaJune futhi kungalindelwa kangcono ngokuqina: izithombo zisala emoyeni ihora, kancane kancane zandisa isikhathi futhi zilethe kufika emahoreni angu-12. Izithombo ezincane zingatshalwa endaweni enomphela phakathi noJuni, abadala - entwasahlobo nasekwindla.

Ukunakekelwa kufike ngesikhathi

• ukukhulula;
• i-weeding;
• ukugqoka okuphezulu;
• ukuchelela ngesomiso.

Ama-asparagus amahlumela angasetshenziswa njengendlela yokusika ukukhiqiza: kusukela ngo-Mashi kuya ku-Juni, ukusika izihlahla kunqunywa kusukela ekupheleni konyaka odlule wesitshalo somdala.

Ukuze kutholakale ukhula lwenhlabathi, bahlwanyelwe enhlabathini emanzi, ehlanganiswe ne-can or cut off ingxenye yebhodlela leplastiki.

Phakathi nenqubo yokuqothula, izinto zokutshala kufanele zifakwe futhi zikhishwe, zisuse ikhava nsuku zonke.

Ngemuva kwamasonto ayisithupha, ama-cuttings ashintshwa abe ngamabhodwe futhi anakekelwa njengezithombo.

Enye indlela yokukhiqiza, i-vegetative (rhizomes), isetshenziswa kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla.

Indawo kumele isuswe ukhula kanye nama-humus ngesikhathi sokutshala kwentwasahlobo, bese ubamba bese ufaka umquba wamanyolo wamaminerali ngesikhathi sokutshala ekwindla.

Izitshalo zifakwe ngqo emithanjeni ehloselwe ukutshala, ngenkathi phansi komcibisholo kufanele kube ne-roller lapho isitshalo se-asparagus sitshalwe khona. Ingxenye ngayinye yehlathini ehlukanisiwe kumele ibe nesibhamu esisodwa. Izimpande zezitshalo ziqondisa kahle, zigxile enhlabathini futhi zifafazwe umhlaba.

Okufanelekile ukuqoqa isilimo se-asparagus ehlumela ngonyaka wesithathu ngemuva kokutshala.

Ukuvuna kufanele kube ngesikhathi lapho amahlumela esitshalo esidala esondela emhlabathini - lokhu kuboniswa ukubonakala kwamabhungane kanye nokuqhekeka.

Kubalulekile ukungaphuthelwa ngesikhathi sokuvela kwamahlumela ebusweni bomhlabathi, ukuze amahlumela ashukela agcine umbala wabo omhlophe.

I-asparagus ekhulile iyanqunywa ngokucophelela ukuze ingalimazi isitshalo, idluliselwe ekamelweni elibandayo, lapho lingagcinwa khona kuze kube amasonto amabili ngo-1 ° C.

I-asparagus emhlophe ingatholakala emhlabathini ovulekile ebusika.

Ukwenza lokhu, indawo ene-asparagusi ebusika isuswe, inhlabathi ihlanganiswe nengqimba encane (50 - 60 cm) yomquba wokushisa kanye namasaka ayengeziwe ngaphezu kwenduku noma umhlanga.

Ebusika, isoso se-asparagus singasetshenziswa ekukhunjweni kwisitoreji, izindlu zangasese nezindawo zokugcina izithombo.
Imininingwane yokuthi ungakhula kanjani isilimo sokuqhathanisa kusuka kumbewu ingatholakala ngokubukela ividiyo:

Ukulwa nezifo nezinambuzane

Ukulimala okukhulu kunesitshalo se-asparagus kungabangelwa ukugqwala, isifo se-fungal. Kubalulekile ukukhomba izimpawu zokugqwala ngesikhathi - ukubonakala kwamabala obomvu, ukusika nokushisa amahlumela abathintekile ukuze ugweme ukusabalalisa kwesifo.

Izinambuzane - izinambuzane nazo ziyinkinga lapho zizalisa isisu se-asparagus.
I-asparagus rattle (leaf beetle) - obomvu obomvu beetle, odla izitshalo namaqabunga e-asparagus. Kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuAgasti, i-beetle yezinsikazi ibeka amaqanda emahlumela, izimpungushe zezizukulwane zokuqala zondla amaqabunga, izimpungushe zesizukulwane sesibili, ezifaka amajikijolo, zilimaza imbewu.

Lezi zinambuzane zivunwa ngesandla, zibhujiswa, ekupheleni kokuvuna, zonke izimpande ezomisiwe zisuswe ukuze zivimbele izibungu ukuba zihlasele emhlabathini kanye nokukhiqizwa okukhulu kwebhungane entwasahlobo. Ngenkathi yenkathi yensimu kungenzeka ukhiqiza izitshalo ngamalungiselelo e-pyrethrum.

I-Asparagus fly - Lena inambuzane enamaphiko amabili, indiza yayo ibonakala kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Juni. Insikazi ibeka amaqanda ngaphansi kwezilinganiso zezitshalo. Ekuthuthukiseni kwabo, izimpungushe zibeka ama-mines (ama-mines) emahlumela, okubangela ukufa kwesitshalo.

Ukuhlonza amahlumela abathintekile aphule futhi abulale. Ekwindla, emva kokuvuna kuqoqwe, izitshalo ziphathwa nge-phosphamide, inhlabathi ihlolwe ngokucophelela futhi ngokujulile. Uma kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu wezinambuzane, isitshalo se-asparagus sithunyelwa kwenye indawo.

Zuza kanye nokulimala

Ngokuvamile, i-asparagus inenzuzo ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwayo.

Kodwa-ke, abantu abanezifo ezinesifo sezinso kufanele bahlanganise ngokucophelela i-asparagus ekudleni kwabo.

Kukholelwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamahlumela akhe kuhlanganisa i-oxalic acid, okuqukethwe okuphezulu emzimbeni kungenye yezimbangela ze-urolithiasis.

Ezokwelapha, amalungiselelo asekelwe ku-asparagus asetshenziswa njengesenzo senhliziyo esivusa ukuvuvukala, eshukumisayo senhliziyo, i-agent yokuphucula ukudla, kanye nezifo zamaphaphu, i-gout ne-rheumatism.

Kodwa u-asparagu omhlophe uthola ukusetshenziswa kwawo okuyinhloko ekuphekeni. I-juicy, ithenda, ngokunambitheka okucwengileko, kuthathwa njengokudla okunjengokudla okuzimele nokungezelela okukhulu kwezinye izitshalo, kanye nenyama, inhlanzi, ushizi.

Kusuka ku-asparagusi bapheka isobho, ukugcwaliswa kwe-sandwich nama-pie, ama-compotes, ama-kisels.

I-Asparagus ingumhlinzeki wamavithamini nezakhi ezinhlobonhlobo entwasahlobo, uma ezinye imifino zisencane. Umthombo wempilo nenjabulo ekunambithekeni, isisu se-asparagus esimhlophe siqinisekisa ngokuphelele imizamo etshalwe ekutshalweni kwesilimo semifino esimangalisayo.