Nepentes - kuyini? Lesi yisitshalo esinomjovo wangaphandle. Umlimi oyisivuno kuphela ongaziphatha.
Kodwa umphumela womsebenzi okhandlayo futhi unakekele ukukhetha okungekho emkhathini kuzodlula konke okulindelwe. Phela, lesi simila esimangalisayo asikwazi ukushiya noma ubani ongenandaba.
Kuyini: incazelo ejwayelekile
Izitshalo zasekhaya zibhekwa njengeziqhwa zaseNingizimu-mpumalanga zase-Asia. I-Nepentes itholakala nase-Seychelles nase-Philippine Islands. Ikhula e-Australia, eMadagascar, eThailand naseSingapore.
Ekhaya, i-nepentes ingakhula kuze kube ngu-60 cmkuyilapho "inkululeko" ingakhula kuze kube ngamamitha angu-20.
I-Nepentes ingahle ibonakale njengomvini we-shrub noma we-semi-shrub. Ubonakala buncane futhi bunotshani obunamafutha okukhanya. Amaqabunga amancane, ane-midrib eyaziwa futhi ephezulu.
Isici esiyinhloko se-nepentes izimbiza zamagatshalapho kukhona khona i-cap. Engxenyeni engezansi kunezinhlayiya ezikhethekile ezibeka ubisi ukuze ziheha izinambuzane ezidliwa ku-nepentes.
Bahlala engxenyeni engenhla ebhodini bese behlelwa ngaphakathi, bese bengena ujusi wokugaya. Ngokudla ngale ndlela, lesi sitshalo sithola izakhi eziningi.
Imbewu igcinwa ebhokisini lesikhumba, elihlanganiswe izingxenye zangaphakathi. Imbewu ngokwayo incane nge-embryon eqondile ye-cylindrical.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo ezinezithombe
Esigabeni seNenentes, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweziyisikhombisa zalezi zitshalo. Uma ucabangela ama-hybrids, izithelo zomsebenzi wabalimi - umthethosivivinywa uzoya kumakhulu.
I-Winged (alat)
Izwe lakubo yiPhilippines. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, umvini ukhula ngobude kusuka kumamitha angu-1.5 kuya kwangu-4, ekhaya - kufika kumamitha amabili. Amaqabunga asitshalo ahlaza, anesimo se-lancet, izikhwepha zikhonjisiwe. I-jugs yalezi zinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-nepentes inombala obala okhanyayo ne-burgundy specks.
URafflesy
Ezihlukahlukene zihlukaniswa yizikhulu, kuze kube yingxenye yamaqabunga amade amade namajugane amancane. Ubukhulu babo abukho kangako obudlula u-20 cm. Umbala ongaphandle uhlaza, onamabala obomvu ngendlela yemivimbo namabala. Izindonga zendlu yangaphakathi i-jug zinombala we-bluish.
I-Truncated
Ihluke kwezinye izinhlobo zezinhlobo ezinkulu, kuze kube ngu-50 cm ubude be-jug emnyama. Igama lolu hlobo lwesitshalo lunikezwe ngokuma kwamaqabunga, njengokungathi aqoshiwe ekugcineni.
Raja
Endalweni yemvelo ikhula kuze kube ngamamitha ayi-6. Amajuba amakhulu, cishe ububanzi obuyi-16 cm no-35 cm ubude, akwazi ukugaya izinambuzane kuphela, kodwa nezinambuzane ezincane eziwile ngaphakathi.
Madagascar
Uhluke emigqumeni ye-crimson, kuze kufike ku-25 cm ubude. Ukuphela kwesikhathi ngokwayo kufinyelela ku-90 cm ubude.
Jug
I-miniaturized, izicupho eziqongelelwe ukuheha izintuthwane nezimiyane.
Sanguinia
I-Nepentes jugs inombala obomvu wegazi, ikhule kuze kube ngu-30 cm ubude.
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
Imbali ephephile futhi engenakuzithoba. Izici ukunakekela netemesom ekhaya.
KUBALULEKILE! Ku-jug kumele kube njalo amanziukugcwalisa izingodo ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-50. Ngokuvamile isitshalo ngokwayo senza umswakama okwanele, kodwa uma ngenxa yezizathu ezithile igxuma, amanzi kufanele aziwe ngesandla.
Ngingakwazi yini ukuhlala ekhaya?
Naphezu kokubukeka okungajwayelekile nokuzikhohlisa, i-nepentes iyingozi kuphela ezinambuzaneni. Abathwali abantu, ngakho-ke abalimi bezimbali abanolwazi bakhula "ama-jugs" ekhaya.
I-snag ihlukile: akuzona zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ezingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokuhlala ekhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akusiwo wonke umlimi onamamitha oyobhekana nokunakekelwa kwesilwane esincinci.
Yini ongayidla?
Le vidiyo ibonisa ukuthi ungondla kanjani ama-nepentes:
Njengoba lesi sitshalo singenasidingo, singanikeza ukudla okufanele. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe njalo amasonto amabili. Okulungile kakhulu phila izimpethu zegazi. Kudingeka ukuthi ibekwe kwesithathu kwesigubhu sinye.
Kubalulekile ukuthi ungadluleli futhi cha ukudlula nepentes Phela, kungenza ngaphandle kwezinambuzane.
Indlela yokuthola ukudla - ukuthi ungondla kanjani
Ukudla okuyinhloko kulezi zitshalo yizinambuzane, noma kunjalo, ezinye izinhlobo ze-nepentes ziyakwazi ukubamba nokugcina izilwane ezincane. Izicupho ziphunga iphunga elimnandi eliheha izisulu zalo. Izinambuzane zigibela ku-jug bese ziwela phansi, lapho kukhona uketshezi olugcwele ama-enzyme - inqubo yokugaya iqala. Izinto zisebenza kakhulu, futhi zikwazi ukungena kwigobolondo elivikelayo lezinambuzane futhi lichithe, likhiphe izinto eziwusizo zesitshalo.
Ukudubula
Le nqubo yenziwa ngesikhathi sokutshala izitshalo. Ukusiqeda kanzima ngokwanele. Ngenxa yalokho, kubonakala amahlumela amasha, adinga ukuncibilika phezu kweso lesikhombisa.
Kodwa amahlumela amancane avela emva kwezinyanga eziyisikhombisa nengxenye ngemuva kwalokhu kufanele asuswe, njengoba kungabikho ama-jugs akhiwe kuwo.
Ukunisela
Imvamisa yamanzi asehlobo - Isikhathi esingu-1 ezinsukwini ezingu-2. Ngalesi sizathu, amanzi asetshenziselwa ukuchithwa kwemvelo endaweni yokushisa ekamelweni asetshenziswa. Ebusika, ukuchelela kufanele kunciphise izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngesonto.
Ngaphezu kokunisela, i-nepentes izojabula futhi ukupompa njalo. Izibonisi zomswakama okhethwayo zazo zifinyelela ku-90%.
Ukupuniza kudinga amanzi alula kakhulu, okumele avikeleke ezimweni ezikhethekile: ekukhanyeni futhi ngokuqinisekile egumbini lapho i-nepentes ngokwayo ikhona khona.
Ukufika
Nge-nepentes sebenzisa okujulile izimbiza zobumba. Ngaphambi kokutshala kunconywa ukuba ubambe isitsha emanzini, sivumele ukuba sifinyelele.
Ukufakelwa
Inqubo yenziwa njalo entwasahlobo. Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, ngoba izinqubo ezinomusa kakhulu zisezingeni eliphezulu. Ngenxa yalokho, kungcono hhayi ukubhubhisa umhlaba com, nokuwela isitshalo nayo.
Ukushisa
Iningi lamaNepentes lishisa kakhulu futhi likhetha ukushisa. kusuka ku-16 kuya ku-24 degrees.
Ukukhanyisa
Imbali ithanda ukukhanya, kodwa nakanjani ukukhanya okungafani. Ngakho-ke, indlela engcono kakhulu iwindi elisempumalanga. Emafasiteleni aseningizimu naseningizimu-ntshonalanga, lesi sitshalo kumele sikhishwe esangeni eliqondile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukushisa kungenzeka, futhi izingodo ngeke zifake.
Ungasebenzisa ukukhanyisa okufakelwayo. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo kufanele sibekwe eduze kwefasitela, kodwa sisalondolozwe elangeni eliqondile.
Izimbali
I-Inflorescences iyibhulashi enesibhakabhaka esingavamile esingajwayelekile ngaphandle kwezikhala, kodwa nge-sepals ezintathu noma ezine. Ngeshwa, "ekuthunjweni" i-nepentes iqhakaza kakhulu.
Ground
Inhlabathi yesitolo ye-nepentes ayiyona into efanelekile, njenge-peat ehlanzekile, i-moss noma amalahle ayifanelekile. Udinga ama-asidi ngaphakathi pH 4.8 - 5.5. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ulungiselelwe nguwe.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuthatha amasheya angu-4 we-peat ephakeme noma i-sphagnum, amasheya angu-3 e-coconut fiber namasheya angu-3 e-fir gark. Enye indlela: thatha izingxenye ezintathu ze-peat, i-coconut fiber, i-sphagnum, i-perlite bese ufaka ingxenye engu-1 yegxolo.
Umanyolo
Ngaphansi komsuka walesi sitshalo kungcono ukuthi ungondli. Esikhundleni salokho, ungakwazi ukuhlanza amaqabunga akhe i-atomizer encane Amaqabunga asitshalo ahlanjululwe izikhathi ezingu-3-5 njengomanyolo we-orchids. Izingxenye ezifana ama-chelates ensimbi, ithusi ne-boron.
- I-Venus flytrap.
- Darlingtonia Californian.
- Sundew.
- Sarracenia.
Ukuzala
Cuttings
Ebusika noma entwasahlobo, ama-cuttings anqunywa ngaphansi kweqabunga. Ucezu lumbozwe nge-sphagnum ewakhiwe ifakwe ngetambo. Isibambo sifakwa ebhodweni, sihlinzeke isivikelo elangeni elikhanyayo.
Ngoba kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukushisa okufanele (25-30 degrees ukushisa) nokupomfa njalo. Phakathi nenyanga eyodwa nesigamu, ihlumela lizoqala izimpande, emva kwalokho lingatshalwa zibe yisitsha esingunaphakade.
Ngonyaka wesibili, ama-nepentes kudingeka adutswe. ama-sheet ama-5 noma ayisithupha - Kuzosiza ekwakhiweni kwamapaki.
Imbewu
Le ndlela yokukhiqiza izitshalo ayivamile, ngoba imbewu yekhwalithi edingekayo yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukuthola. Iqiniso liwukuthi ukuhluma kwembewu kuhlala isikhathi esincane kakhulu - kuze kube amasonto amathathu. Ngokuvamile, kunzima ukuthenga imbewu yobudala obufanele esitolo.
Enye indlela yokuthola imbewu kufanele ibe nezitshalo ezimbili ze-nepentes ekhaya bese ulinda izimbali.
KUBALULEKILE! Ukuvuthwa ekhaya akuvamile, futhi kubalulekile ukuba imbali ihlolwe yizinambuzane, ngaphandle kwalokho izithelo ngeke zibophe.
Uma ukwazi ukuthola imbewu yekhwalithi oyifunayo - ngokuqinisekile bayokhula.
Ukuhamba kulandela kanje:
- Lungisa izimbiza ezincane uzigcwalise ngenhlanganisela yama-moss nesihlabathi. Uma une-moss enezintambo eside - kufanele igawulwe, ukuze esikhathini esizayo, uma u-transplanting, ungalimazi uhlelo lwempande zezitshalo.
- Gcwalisa iziqukathi nge-moss bese uzifaka emayini ye-microwave imizuzu engu-2-3 - lokhu kuzokhipha amagciwane ngemithi.
- Moisten the moss futhi ngokulinganayo usakaze imbewu kuyo.
- Phonsa ubuso obhodweni ngebhodlela le-spray.
- Beka isitsha esikhwameni noma esitsheni - ngokukhula, izitshalo zizodinga umswakama ophezulu, 90-100%.
- Izimila kufanele zithole ukukhanya nokushisa amahora angu-14 ngosuku, ukuqinisekisa le nto, indlela elula ukuthenga i-fitolamp.
- Kanye ngosuku, hlola imbewu etshalwe - uma isikhunta sibonakale, ventilate izimbiza bese zihambisa.
- Imbewu ihlume ngempumelelo ezingeni elijwayelekile lokushisa kwekamelo lama degree angu-20.
Uhlukanisa isihlahla
Le ndlela iyadingeka uma kudingekile ukwahlukanisa isihlahla esikhulile.
Izinyathelo zenqubo:
- Susa ngokucophelela isitshalo embizeni yakudala.
- Gcoba uhlelo lwempande emanzini afudumele bese uhlanza izimpande ze-substrate.
- Ukusebenzisa ummese obukhali, oyinyumba, uhlukanise ingxenye yesitshalo ngezimpande bese ufafaza ngokushesha izigaba ezinqunywe ngamalahle aqoshiwe.
- Ukusika ama-cuttings emanzini nabagqugquzeli bokukhula.
- Ngemuva kokumisa ukusika ngamunye kufakwa ebhodweni elihlukile futhi kunisela.
- Lesi sitshalo sidinga izinga lokushisa okungenani ama-degrees angu-26 nomswakama ophezulu.
- Amahlumela okuqala azovela emva kwezinyanga ezingu-2-2.5.
KUBALULEKILE! Kungcono ukukhulisa ama-nepentes kumabhasikidi okugcoba ama-orchids, ukuqinisekisa ukufinyelela emoyeni ezimpandeni.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Izinambuzane ezibaluleke kunazo zonke zesitshalo - i-aphid ne-mealybug. Kungase kubonakale ngenxa yokomile ngokweqile komoya futhi ngenxa yensimu eyakhiwe nge-nitrogen.
Uma zikhona ezinye izikhusi, kufanele zivele zisuswe nge-swab ikotini efakwe ebhiya noma amanzi asozini. Amalungiselelo akhethekile angenawo iparafini azosiza ukuqeda inani elikhulu lezinambuzane.
Isixazululo sama-20 g we-potash soap ngalinye 1 litre amanzi kuzosiza ukulwa nama-aphid (ungakhohlwa ukumboza umhlaba ngefilimu ngesikhathi sokucubungula). Umphumela othize unganikeza futhi insipho yokuhlanza.
Kulezi zidakamizwa ziyasebenza pyrethroids. Kodwa, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amakhemikhali ayithandi nepenthesu - uma kukhona kungenzeka, kungcono ukwenza ngaphandle kwabo.
Ama-dry ends of amaqabunga
Kungenzeka ukuthi iphuzu liyi umswakama ophansi. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uphefle isitshalo kaningi futhi, mhlawumbe, ukuyihambisa kwenye indawo. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukushisa amadivaysi endaweni eseduze naso imbali kubangele ukuthi ubumnyama bomoya.
Noma kunjalo, umswakama ngokweqile uphinde usongele izinkinga - izifo ze-fungal kanye nomkhungu kungabonakala. Ngakho-ke, uma izindawo ezibomvu noma ezibomvu zivela emaqabunga, ukwelashwa kuyadingeka. fungicides futhi kunciphise emanzini.
Isiphetho
Ukulindeleka kokuphila kwama-nepenthes kuzoxhomeke ekunakekeleni: imbali edlalayo ingahlala izinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela, kodwa ngokunakekelwa okufanele kanye nendlela efanelekayo kuyojabulisa umnikazi wayo Iminyaka emihlanu.
