I-Calathea (lat. I-Calathea) isitshalo sezindlu sokuhlobisa umndeni wama-marant.
I-Calathea iyathandwa kakhulu ngabalimi bembali ngenxa yembala yayo engavamile futhi yangempela.
Amaqabunga awo ahlangene agcwele amaphethini amanga emivimbo kanye namachashaza ahlukahlukene e-shades ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka nesibhakabhaka.
Kodwa njenganoma yikuphi ubuhle, iCalathea inengqondo kakhulu futhi idinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Ukukhula akulula.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuxazulula le mbali endlini yakho, kuhle ukuzijwayeza ngemithetho yokunakekela.
I-Calathea inezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobonhlobo, phakathi kwazo okudumile kunazo zonke: i-Calathea Crocat (i-Saffron), uCalathea Makoya, uCalathea Wicha, uCalathea Zebrovidna, uCalathea Medallion.
Incazelo yezitshalo
I-Calathea "iMedallion" ngokushesha iheha iso ngokwakho. Lesi isitshalo esihle kakhulu esinokubheka okuyingqayizivele. Amaqabunga awo anemibala emibili: Ingxenye yawo engenhla iyinhlobo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nemifino encane yesiliva phezu kwendawo yonke, kanti ingxenye engezansi ibubende.
Lezi zihlukahlukene zithinta izithombe. Ekuseni, emini, amapulethi ayo ashukela ahla phansi, futhi kusihlwa aya phezulu, njengoba imbali ibonisa umbala wayo wokuqala.
Isithombe
Ukubukeka neCalathea "Medallion" ingatholakala esithombeni ngezansi:
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe imithetho yokunakekela ekhaya ngeCalatea Medallion.
Kuphi okungcono ukukhula?
Lolu hlobo lwe-calathea yisilwane esincane. Ngakho-ke, i-"Medallion" inconywa ukuba ikhule ekhaya egumbini elifudumele elisebusuku elinomswakama ophezulu.
Akukwazelwanga ukubeka imbali ebhodini ehlobo noma ukuyikhiphela ensimini yomoya omusha.
Ukutshala izihlahla
Kunokuphikisana okuningi ngokuthi ngabe kufanelekile ukusika imbali ukudala umqhele omuhle noma cha.
Siza! I-Calatheum idinga ukunqunyulwa kuphela ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, imbali ingafa!
Lapho ukufakelwa kabusha esitshalweni, kubalulekile ukusika amaqabunga endala futhi omisiwe, izimpande azikwazi ukuthintwa. Izikebhe (ama-blades) azokwehliswa kufanele zifakwe i-disinfected ku-hydrogen peroxide.
Ukukhanyisa
Isitshalo sidinga ukukhanya okwanele. Ukukhanya kufanele kube lula, kufakwe amandla. Ehlobo, kubalulekile ukuthunga imbali, hhayi ukuvumela ilanga eliqondile kulo.
Ukushona kwelanga kuchitha amaqabunga amathenda, okumboza ubuso bawo ngezindawo ezimnyama.
Ukuntuleka kokukhanyisa kungathinta kakhulu umbala we-variegated wamaqabunga. - ziba luhlaza futhi zilahlekelwa yonke imidwebo.
Ebusika, iCalathea Medallion idinga ukukhanya okunye okufakelwayo.
Izibani zikagesi ezivamile, ezizokwandisa usuku lokukhanya lwesitshalo, zizofanelekela lokhu.
I-Kalatea ihlelwe eduze kwefasitela ibheke empumalanga noma entshonalanga.
Ukushisa
Impela imbali ye-thermophilic. Ukushisa okuhle ehlobo ngama-20-24 degrees, ebusika - 18-20. Kudingekile ukugwema izinguquko ngokuzumayo ekushiseni kanye nemidwebo eyenziwa yiCalathea.
Ukunisela
Ukweqile nokuntuleka kokuchelela kuyingozi kakhulu ebuhleni be-calathea. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uhambisane nesilinganiso. Esikhathini sezulu esishisayo, ukuchelela kukhulu kakhulu futhi kwenziwa ngokushesha, ngokushesha nje lapho ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi luma. Ebusika - kancane kancane, cishe kanye ngesonto.
Ukuvimbela ukujula komswakama ebhodweni, kuyadingeka ukutshala imbali enhlabathini evulekile.
Ekushiseni kwesitshalo udinga ukuchelela njalo ngamanzi afudumele.
Siza! Njengazo zonke izitshalo zomndeni wama-maranths, uCalathea uzibophezela emanzini aphezulu. Ngakho-ke, ehlobo, kunconywa ukubeka i-flowerpot ngembali ephahleni elinamanzi amaningi obumba abanzi!
Ukutshala nokutshala izitshalo
Isibambiso sokukhula okunempilo kweCalathea "Medallion" kanye nezimbali zayo eziningi ziyi-substrate ekhethwe kahle.
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ukubunjwa okulandelayo:
- umhlabathi weqabunga - amahora amabili;
- isanti - ihora eli-1;
- peat - amahora amabili
Ukuze wenze umhlabathi ukhululeke, izingcezu ezincane zamalahle zinganezelwa enhlabathini.
Ngaphansi kwebhodlela kufakwa isendlalelo semithombo yamanzi ebanzi.
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo njalo kuhlasela i-calathea.
Izitshalo ezindala zifakelwa kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili; intsha idinga ukushintshwa kwenhlabathi ngonyaka.
Phindela imbali ngokucophelela, uzama ukulimaza uhlelo lwempande.
Kunconywa ukusebenzisa "indlela yokudlulisa" (i-clod endala yombumba ezungeze izimpande ayibhubhiswanga, kodwa ifakwe ebhodweni elisha, ama-voids azungeze ahlanganiswe ne-substrate entsha).
Ibhodlela kufanele lihambisane nesistimu yempande. Umthamo omkhulu kakhulu ungavusa ukuxubusha kwenhlanganisela yenhlabathi nokubola kwezimpande.
Isikhathi esifanele kakhulu sokutshala kabusha yisihlobo sonyaka ophelile.
Siza! Akufanele kube khona ilame enhlabathini yokufaka iKalathea! Lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe uma uthenga ingxube eyenziwe ngomumo esitolo.
Ukuzala
Ungasakaza i-calathea ngezindlela ezintathu:
- Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Rhizome. Ngokujwayelekile le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukufakelwa kwezitshalo.
I-rhizome ihlukaniswe izingxenye eziningana ngomese noma izandla. Kubalulekile ukuthi inqubo ngayinye ibe namaqabunga amaningi kanye nezimpande. Ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa, inqubo ngayinye itshalwe enhlabathini elula ehlanganisa i-peat nesihlabathi (1: 1).Izimbiza eziphezulu ezimbozwe esikhwameni sepulasitiki noma emgodini weglasi ukuze kube nomphumela wokushisa okushisa futhi kufakwe endaweni efudumele. Susa isembatho ngemuva kokubonakala kwamahlamvu okuqala.
- Cuttings. Indlela yokukhiqiza usebenzisa i-stem cuttings isetshenziswe kaningi.
Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-cuttings angaba ngu-12-15 cm ubude ngefomu elilodwa futhi amaqabunga amaningana afakwa enhlangothini ye-sandy-peat (1: 1) futhi efakwe endaweni efudumele, ehlanganiswe ne-polyethylene noma i-can phezulu.Sika ama-cuttings kufanele athuliwe ngesikhumba esisebenziwe ukuze ugweme ukubola. Izingubo zisuswa ngemuva kokuqothula kwesitshalo.
- Imbewu. I-kalatea ingahle isakazwe ngembewu.
Ngenxa yalokhu, imbewu ifakwa emhlabathini phansi, igxilwe ingilazi futhi ishiya amasonto ambalwa kuze kufike ukuhluma.
Ngezikhathi ezithile ingilazi iphakanyiselwa ukuphuza umoya. Imbewu ehlwanyelwe ifakwe ngaphansi kwenhlabathi (1 cm).
Izithombo ezikhulayo zitshalwe ngokwehlukana ezimbizeni ezincane.
Le ndlela yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi abafisi bezimbali ze-novice. Imbewu ayihlali njalo, izithombo eziningi zibuthakathaka futhi ziyafa, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa izindlela ezimbili zangaphambilini zokukhiqizwa kweCalathea.
Umanyolo
Isitshalo sidinga ukudla. Ngoba lo umanyolo owuketshezi ufanele izitshalo ezinqunyiwe nezokuhlobisa. I-Calatheu ihlwanyelwa ngesikhathi sokusahlobo-ehlobo ngesikhathi esisodwa ezinsukwini ezingu-10-15, ebusika angaphezu kwesisodwa ngenyanga.
Izifo
Ukubonakala kwamabala asundu emaqabunga
Lokhu kuvame ukungena ngezizathu ezimbili: ukushisa kwelanga kanye namanzi. Kunconywa ukuba priteni Kalatu futhi ushintshe indlela yokuchelela.
Amaqabunga aname futhi aphethwe
Isomiso, ukuchelela okwanele, umoya omncane ophansi. Ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukuba uhlanza lesi sitshalo ngamanzi afudumele futhi aphephile, ngoba amanzi abandayo namanzi angabangela imbangela eyomile emaphethelweni aseqabunga.
Amaqabunga omile kumele asuswe embali. Amaphethelo omile kufanele aqedwe, ngokucophelela, ukuze angalimazi ingxenye ephilayo yeshidi.
Uma imbali isomile ngokuphelele, ungasheshi ukuyikhiphela, susa izimpande ebhodweni uphinde uhlole.
Uma izimpande zihlanzekile futhi ziphilile, zifake esitokisini esisha, uphuze umhlabathi futhi emva kwesikhashana amahlumela amasha azovela.
Amaqabunga aphelile futhi aphikisiwe abuye awakalise ukulimala kwezinambuzane ngama-thrips..
Udinga ukuhlola ngokucophelela ngaphakathi kwekhasi. Uma kutholakala izidumbu, phatha isitshalo nganoma yisiphi isisombululo sezinambuzane.
Amaqabunga aphuzi
Ukukhanya okukhanyayo ekamelweni noma isitshalo kuphethwe yimidwebo. Beka iKalatheya ngaphakathi ekamelweni bese ubona ukuziphatha kwayo.
Izinambuzane
Ngokuvamile, iCalathea "Medallion" ihlaselwa yizinambuzane zesicabucabu kanye ne-thrips. Ukubukeka kwalezi zinambuzane eziyingozi kubangela umoya omile ngokweqile ekamelweni. Izimpawu zesilonda zingabonakala ngamehlo:
- Isibungu se-spider - isamba esikhulu semicu elimhlophe elimhlophe livela emaqabunga, lesi sitshalo siyabuna futhi sishabalala, amaqabunga ayo awe;
- Thrips - ngokuvamile uhlala ebusweni bezingqimba zamaqabunga, uzidla ngaphakathi. Okokuqala, indawo ekhanyayo ivela ebusweni beshidi, lapho isikhathi sishintsha umbala, soma, siduma, sakha umgodi.
Indlela yokulwa nama-parasites : Sula amaqabunga asitshalo ngamanzi asozini (amanzi, isobho), bese ukwelapha nanoma iyiphi inambuzane. Ngemva kokucubungula, imbali kufanele idliwe (emva kwezinsuku ezingu-5-6).
Ukunakekelwa kokunakekelwa kweCalatea akulula, kodwa yonke imizamo izokhokha lapho lesi sitshalo esithakazelisayo esihle kakhulu sihlala endlini yakho.
