I-Cacti ne-succulents ziphakathi kwezakhamuzi zakudala kakhulu emhlabeni.owavela cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingamashumi amathathu edlule. Namuhla, lezi zitshalo ziyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwethu.
Bakha ubuhle endlini futhi bakhonze njengomhlobiso omuhle wendawo yangaphakathi yanamuhla.
Kubaluleka ukubukeka okungavamile, hhayi ukunakekelwa okunzima, isikhathi eside sokuphila. Nge
Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, ummeleli omusa futhi ongavamile we-genus Ariokarpus udinga ukunakwa okukhethekile.
Umsuka nendawo yokuhlala
I-Ariocarpus ingokwemvelo yasendulo yama-succulents, engabomndeni we-cactus. Esimweni, ngokuvamile zibizwa ngokuthi ama-fossil cacti noma "amatshe aphilayo."
Endaweni yayo yemvelo, ihlala endaweni enobumba futhi enesihlabathi, enhlabathini ebalalayo, phakathi kwamadwala. Isakazwa endaweni yaseTexas (USA), ezindaweni zaseMexico - ukusuka eCoahuila kuya eNuevo Leon, etholakala eRio Grande.
Qaphela! I-genus yaqala ukuchazwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18 ngu-botanist waseFrance nomcwaningi uMichael Joseph Scheidweiler.
Ukubukwa kusuka esithombeni
Ingqikithi kunezinhlobo ezingu-9 zezitshalo ezisakazwa kabanzi ngesiko ekhaya.
I-Agave
Imbali ephumelelayo ene-spherical, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, e-oody esisekelweni se-stem.
Ukungabikho kwamaphethelo kuyisici esiyinhloko sezinto eziphilayo.
I-tubercles inzima, iboniswe, cishe ngo-4 cm, ihlukanisa ngendlela ye-rosette kusukela phakathi kwe-stem, ehlanganiswe phezulu ngenhla ye-epidermis.
I-Areola enkulu, i-pubescent, eyakhiwe engxenyeni engaphandle yama-tubercles eduze kwezingaphezulu. Izinsipho zifushane kakhulu, zifihlwe ngaphansi kwe-asole fluff. Kungenzeka ukuthi engekho ngokuphelele. Izimbali ezibomvu, i-bell-funnel. Amajikijolo abomvu. Lezi zinhlobo zachazwa umhloli waseMexico oMarcello Castañeda ngo-1941.
Iphukile
Uhluke ngendlela engavamile, ekhumbuza imbali yetshe eqhwa. Esikhathini isiko sokukhula kancane, asikho izimpande. Kubonakala sengathi i-limestone, egcwele imifantu, lapho ikhula khona futhi ixhuma nayo yonke into. Ukubukeka kuyashintsha. Isiqu singaba ngu-15 cm ububanzi.
Izimpande ezingapheli, zibizwa. I-Papilla 2-3 cm ubude, esifushane, nengxenye engenhla wrinkled. I-groesve ye-pubescent itholakala phakathi kohlangothi oluphezulu lwe-tubercle. Izimbali zibomvu noma zibomvu. Izimbali zakha eduze naphezulu kwe-stem, evulekile kakhulu.
Ephakathi
Ummeli onesiqu esisodwa se-gray-green, flat-spherical, 5 cm high kanye no-10 cm ububanzi. Isici esiyingqayizivele - ithiphu cishe ihamba nomhlabathi.
I-Papilla rhomboid, eqinile, i-3 cm ubude, i-convex, ne-groove engxenyeni ephakathi. Izimbali zine pink elula, enesisindo sobubanzi obuyi-3 cm. Izithelo zimhlophe futhi ziluhlaza. Amanye ama-botanist akholelwa ukuthi lezi zinhlobo ziyingqikithi yemvelo phakathi kuka-A. Lloyd no-A. Kochubeianus.
I-Kotzebue
Izilinganiso: Kochubeynuas, Kochubey. Isitshalo esincane esine-rosette engaphansi kuka-5 cm ububanzi. I-papillae flat, ibukeka njengama-shingles endaweni. I-grooves ephakathi ibapha ubuhle obukhethekile nokuhlobisa. Izimbali pink, ziyaqhakaza ngoJulayi. Inhlobo ye-Elephantkfens (i-Elephant Tusk) itholakala. Okukhulu, nge-rosette 10-12 cm.
Dull
Ummeleli one-stem single stem, umbala ompunga obomvu.
Okuphezulu kuhlanganiswe okumhlophe nokubomvu phansi.
Ama-tubercles aqinile, i-pyramidal, i-triangular, enesisekelo esikhulu, ingxenye ephezulu ekhonjiwe.
Lezi zinyolo zakhiwa emaphethelweni we-tubercles.
Izimbali zibomvu, zinkulu.
Hlanganisa
Ibonisa ama-subspecies we-Blunted. Ihlukana nayo ngokucacile, i-comb-like (pectinate) spikes 2 cm ubude. Esikhathini somuthi omdala, lezi zinhlayiya zimbozwe nge-nap. I-Areola ishicilelwe. Flowers pink pink.
Keelfish
Isiqu sino-gray-green, spherical, flattened, 9 cm. It wathola igama layo ngenxa tubercles trihedral of shape shape. Ngokungafani nezinye i-cacti, akudingeki ukuthi ibe nama-tubercles. I-Axilla egcwele i-fluff. Izimbali ze-bell, ezibomvu nge-pink tinge. Imbewu yumnyama.
I-Triangular
Unikezwe isiqu esiphezulu, umbala ompunga (obomvu) noma obomvu nge-topececy top. Ifinyelela ku-10 cm ububanzi. Ama-tubercles ayinxantathu, akhomba, ahlala eside, aphihliwe, aqinile. Unemiphetho ebuthakathaka. I-Areola ibuhlungu. Izimbali zihlotshiwe, ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kunalokho zikhulu. Izithelo ziluhlaza.
I-triangular ihlangene
Ihlukana nombono oyinhloko kakhulu ohlangene, ama-tubercles ajwayelekile.
Lloyd's
It has a spherical flattened stem, 10 cm ububanzi. I-stem ihamba cishe ngo-1-4 cm ngaphezu kwendawo. Impande ibonakala, ihlanganiswe.
Izinsipho zi-brown-brown, crusty, rhomboid. I-groove ishicilela phansi, igijima kusukela phakathi kwe-tubercle kuya kwi-areola. Awekho izimpande. Izimbali ze-pink.
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
Qinisekisa ukuthi ufunda izincomo ekugcinweni nasekunakekeleni isitshalo. I-Ariokarpus ihluke "kubafowabo abagwadule" bayo futhi idinga ukunakwa okukhethekile.
Izenzo emva kokuthenga
Sicela uqaphele ukuthi imbali emva kokuthenga kumele ifakwe ngokushesha. Ngeshwa, abalimi abaningi abanandaba nale nto. Izimila zithunyelwa esitolo eziqukathi zesikhashana. Ukuze kuhlalwe unomphela, akufanelekile. Qaphela kusengaphambili ngokukhetha ibhodlela elungile bese ulungiselela ukuxuba inhlabathi.
Uma u-transplanting, ufafaza i-collar yezimpande nge-gravel emihle ukuvikela izimpande ekubolekeni.
Ukukhethwa kwenhlabathi
Umhlaba kufanele ube nesihlabathi, unomsoco, kuhle ukudlulisa oksijini kanye nomswakama, ukuze ube nokuphendula okubuthakathaka kwe-asidi. Inhlabathi ingalungiswa kusuka ezingxenyeni ezimbili zesanti elibi futhi ingxenye eyodwa ye-humus. Ungangeza ama-chips amancane e-trick for drainage enhle.
Ukukhethwa kwamandla
I-Ariocarpus inezimpande ezinamandla kakhulu, ngakho-ke ibhodlela elisezingeni eliphakathi nelinye ububanzi obuphansi futhi ukuvula okuphansi kuyakufanelekela.
Kungcono ukuthatha imbiza yobumba.
Uma ukhula epulasitiki noma ebhodini lokugcoba kunconywa ukuba ufake isihlabathi esingaphezulu.
Ngezansi ukwenza umqubu wokugeleza.
Ukukhanyisa
Imbali ikhetha izindawo ezikhanyayo. Ibekezelela ukuvezwa kwelanga eliqondile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ezinsukwini ezishisayo zasehlobo kunconywa ukuba umenzele ukukhanya okungafani.
Ukushisa
Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, uzobe ekhululekile egumbini elinokushisa okungaba ngu-22-27 degrees. Ekwindla, izinga lokushisa liyancipha kancane kancane kanti phakathi nesikhathi sokuphumula kufanele kube cishe ku-14-16 degrees.
Ukunisela kanye nomswakama
Qaphela! Lesi sitshalo sinisela kuphela ezinsukwini zasehlobo, cishe kanye kanye namasonto amabili.
Phakathi nesikhathi sokuphumula (ebusika) nasekwindla, inhlabathi ayifuni.
Umswakama ongeziwe awudingekile. Imbali ifakwe kahle ekukhuleni efulethini ngomoya omile.
Izimbali
Isikhathi sokuvuthwa siphelile ekupheleni kuka-Agasti nasekuqaleni kwekwindla. Ngalesi sikhathi kunconywa ukuthi ungashintshi isikhundla sebhodini, ukuze uhambise inhlabathi ngokwendlela yokunconywa.
Umquba
Amaminerali amaminerali afaneleka njengokugqoka okuphezulu. Zilethe ngezikhathi ezithile - kanye ezinyangeni ezimbili.
Qaphela! Phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo isitshalo asikwazi ukudla.
Ukufakelwa
Imbali ikhula kancane, ngakho ayidingi ukufakelwa kwesitshalo njalo. Izitshalo ezincane zifakelwa entwasahlobo kanye ngonyaka, kanti nabantu abadala uma kudingeka.
Qaphela ekusingatheni i-cactus. Ukulimala ohlelweni lwempande kungaholela ekufeni.
Ukuzala
Lesi sitshalo sisakazwa ngokuhlanganisa ama-cuttings noma imbewu.
Kungcono ukutshala izithombo kwi-stock ehlala njalo.
Hlakulela ngokucacile. Uma ukhula izithombo ngezimpande zakho, zibeke emva kokuthatha imvelo enomswakama, enamathele futhi ezimweni ezikhanyayo.
Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe eminyakeni eyizinyanga ezintathu kuze kufike eminyakeni eyodwa nengxenye.
Khona-ke amahlumela amancane aqala ukuvumelanisa kancane kancane nezimo ezivamile zokuboshwa.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Enye yezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezinomkhuhlane omuhle kakhulu ezifweni.
Ukuze uvimbele ukubola kwezimpande, kunconywa ukuba ugcine umbuso wokunisela futhi ufafaze i-collar yezimpande uma uguqula igravel.
I-Ariocarpus isitshalo esithakazelisayo, esingajwayelekile futhi esingavamile esikoleni samakhaya. Uyakwazisa ngokuzimela kwakhe nokubukeka okuyingqayizivele, okuyihlukanisa nabanye abameleli bama-succulents kanye ne-cacti. Lesi sitshalo sikwazi ukuheha ukunakekelwa kwezivakashi futhi kuzoba yinto enhle kakhulu ngaphakathi kwendlu yangaphakathi yedolobha.
