Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamagilebhisi, kufaka phakathi lezo ezifuyelwe ngokuqondile izimo zezulu ezinzima zaseRussia. Noma kunjalo, akuzona zonke izinhlobo ezihlanganisa izinzuzo ezifana nokuqina kobusika obuhle, ukukhiqiza okuphezulu nempilo yeshelufu ende. Uma unentshisekelo kulezi zimfanelo, kufanele unake amagilebhisi asetafuleni laseMoldova, wona, ngokunakekela okufanele, azokunikeza isivuno esikhulu samajikijolo amakhulu nama-jusi, yize kungenjalo amajikijolo amuncu.
Umlando wokutshala kweMoldova
Izinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi zaseMoldova zavela ngemizamo yososayensi abavela eMoldavian Research Institute of Viticulture neWinemaking isikhathi esithile - ngonyaka we-1974. "Abazali" baseMoldova yizinhlobonhlobo uGuzal Kara noSave Saillar 12-375. Kusukela ngo-1975, izinhlobonhlobo ezintsha zidlule ukuhlolwa kombuso. Ngo-1986, amagilebhisi aseMoldova afakwa irejista yombuso futhi anconyelwa ukulinyelwa esifundeni saseNyakatho Caucasus naseLower Volga. Njengamanje, sikhule kabanzi eRussia nase-Ukraine. Izinhlobonhlobo zinegama elihlukile - uLate Kodryanka.
Incazelo yebanga
IMoldova ingeyokwezinhlobo zethebula sekwephuzile. Izinsuku ezingama-160-165 zidlula kusukela lapho ihlumela selivuthiwe ukuze livuthiwe, ngakho amagilebhisi kwesinye isikhathi awunaso isikhathi sokuvuthwa ngokuphelele ezindaweni ezibandayo. Amabhasi abonakala ngokukhula okukhulu. Imivini imbozwe amaqabunga amakhulu, acishe angabi nalutho, ongaphansi wawo umbozwe nge-pubescence engenamandla. Ukuqhakaza kweMoldova ngezimbali ezinamakhekhe amabili, ngakho-ke izinhlobo ezidinga impova azidingeki.
Amagilebhisi ambozwe ngenhlanganisela ye-wax eminyene.
Ama-bunches akhiwa kakhulu ezindaweni ezingama-5-6, ukubalwa kusuka esisekelweni somvini. Amaqoqo amakhulu (ngokwesilinganiso esingu-400-600 g, kuze kufike ku-1 kg) akhula esiqwini 4-5 cm ubude futhi abe nesimo sokuphamba, kwesinye isikhathi "esinamaphiko". Isakhiwo semabhulashi sivele. Amajikijolo amakhulu (aze afike ku-6 g) ambozwe ngesikhumba esimnyama esimfusa (kwesinye isikhathi sicishe sibe mnyama) ngesimbozo esiminyene se-waxy. Ngaphakathi kwe-berry ngalinye kufihlwe 2-3, kwesinye isikhathi imbewu ezi-4. I-pulp inesakhiwo esiminyene, esincane se-cartilaginous. Ukunambitheka akunazimpawu, esigabeni sokuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe kumuncu impela. Okuqukethwe kwe-ascorbic acid kul ujusi kukhulu impela (8-9 g / l), kanti ushukela une-18-19%. Ngesikhathi sokugcina, i-acidity iyancipha kancane kancane, ukuqina kwempilo kuthuthuka.
Izinhlobonhlobo Moldova - ividiyo
Izici Ezihlukahlukene
Amagilebhisi eMoldova anezinzuzo eziningi ezichaza ukuthandwa kwawo phakathi kwabalimi:
- ukungena ngokushesha ku-fruiting (iminyaka engama-2-3 ngemuva kokutshala);
- ukukhiqiza okuphezulu (kufika ku-4 kg ukusuka ku-1 m2 isivini, kuze kufike ku-150 kg kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa eneminyaka engama-8-10, kuze kufike ku-165 kg ngehektha elilodwa (1));
- ukuthutha okuhle nokuqina;
- ukumelana okuphakathi kokunqotshwa yi-mildew ne-grey bola, okungathinteki kakhulu phylloxera;
- i-average hardness yasebusika (ibekezelela iqhwa phansi ku -22 mayelanaC)
- ikhono elihle lokuphinda wenze kabusha.
Ububi bezinhlobonhlobo:
- kuthinteka kalula yi-optimum;
- ukuncishiswa okukhulu kokugcina nokuhambisa uma kwenzeka ukuvuna kungafanele;
- ukwehla kwekhwalithi yezitshalo ngokulayisha ngokweqile noma ukuthwala ngokweqile kwesihlahla.
Izici zokutshala nokukhula amagilebhisi Moldova
Ukuze uthole ama-bush akhule kahle, udinga ukukhetha inhlabathi efanele. Amagilebhisi awawuthandi umhlabathi omanzi ngokweqile, ukhula kabi futhi uvame ukuthinteka yizifo fungal. Uma amanzi asemhlabathini eseduze kwendawo yangakini, kufanele kunikezwe amanzi.
Amabhasi adinga ukukhanyiswa okuhle nokushisa okuningi, ngakho-ke kungakuhle ukuthi uwabeke ohlangothini oluseningizimu yengadi. Ukushiswa komoya obandayo nomoya onamandla kuthinta kabi ukukhula kwesitshalo. Lokhu kufanele kubhekwe lapho ukhetha indawo futhi unikeze isihlahla isivikelo esifanele.
Imithetho yokufakelwa
Njengezihlahla zezithelo, amagilebhisi atshalwa womabili entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ungatshala ekushiseni komoya okungu-+15 okungenani mayelanaC, nenhlabathi + 10 ... +11 mayelanaC.
Lapho utshala ekwindla, udinga ukukhumbula ukuthi okungenani inyanga kufanele ihlale ngaphambi kwesithwathwa, futhi isihlahla esincanyana sidinga ukumbozwa kahle ebusika.
Abalimi abaningi bathanda ukutshala amagilebhisi entwasahlobo, ukuze amagilebhisi atheleke ekwindla - lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ebusika.
IMoldova ilungele ukutshala ezimpandeni zayo, kanye nokuxhunyelelwa esiseleni esihlahleni esidala.
Uma ufuna ukugoma, le ngxenye engezansi yezisikiwe inqunywe ngesigamu samamilimitha ambalwa kusuka esweni elingaphansi futhi icwiliswe emanzini amahora angama-24. Isiphunzi esidala sihlanza ukungcola futhi sijijekile, isiqu sifakwa kuhlukaniswe futhi sihlanganiswe ngokuqinile ndawonye ngentambo yendwangu eqinile.
Ukugonywa kwamagilebhisi ku-shtamb - ividiyo
Lapho uthenga isithombo esiphelile, hlola uhlelo lwaso lwezimpande. Ungathathi izinto zokutshala nezimpande ezomile noma ezivilaphayo.
I-cutlery kumele ifakwe emanzini ukuze ithathe izimpande
I-Sapling (chubuk ngezimpande) ingalungiswa ngokuzimela. Kulokhu, isiqu esisikiwe sibekwa emanzini futhi silinde izimpande zivele zimhlophe. Ungatshala izimpande ukutshala udoti ebhodweni lezimbali ngomhlabathi omanzi onamanzi. Ngaphambi kokutshala, isiqu singacwilisa kwikhambi le-Humate - lokhu kukhuphula izinga lokusinda kwesithombo.
Ungalungisa izithombo ezinhle zokutshala izihlahla zomvini esitsheni esine-substrate yezakhi
Izithombo ezilungiselelwe zitshalwe emigodini ebilungiselelwe ngaphambili enobubanzi obungu-60-70 cm nobubanzi obungama-90-100 cm. Ngaphansi komgodi kukhululwe nge-pitchfork, embozwe ngo-2/3 wengxube yezakhi evela ku-humus noma ezinye izinto eziphilayo kanye nenhlabathi yamahhashi. Lo ungqimba ufafazwa ungqimba oluncane lomhlabathi. Isithombo ngokucophelela (izimpande ezincane zibuncane kakhulu) sifakwa emgodini bese silele emhlabathini. Ngemuva kokutshala, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuniselwa ngamabhakede angama-2-3 wamanzi nangaphezulu kwenhlabathi efakwe yi-peat. Kungcono ukubopha isithombo kwisikhonkwane.
Lapho utshala amagilebhisi enhlabathini enamanzi phansi komgodi, udinga ukuthulula ungqimba oluningi lwezinto zokudonsa
Ibanga phakathi kwezihlahla ezisondelene zomvini kufanele okungenani libe yi-3.5 - 4 m, ukuhlukaniswa komugqa - 5 m.
Ukunakekelwa kwamagilebhisi
Izinhlobonhlobo Moldova kuthambekele ekuqineni, lapho kukhona ukuncipha amajikijolo kanye nokwehla kwesivuno. Ngakho-ke ukuthola izitshalo ezisezingeni eliphakeme, ama-bush kufanele asikwe, futhi aphuziswe njalo futhi anikezwe.
Ukunisela
Yize iMoldova ingakuthandi ukufaka amanzi, idinga ukuchelela njalo ukuze inhlabathi ihlale inomswakama. Ngakho-ke, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, ezanele ukuniselwa kaningi ngesizini, iMoldova idinga ukuniselwa okungenani isikhathi esisodwa ngenyanga, futhi kuvame kakhulu ngesikhathi sokushisa nesomiso. Imvamisa yokunisela ilawulwa ngokuya ngesimo senhlabathi (lapho yomile, okunye ukuthambisa kuyadingeka). Ukuze ugweme ukuzitika ngokweqile, kungakuhle ukuthi udambe imisele yemisele yokudonsa amanzi ngokweqile.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Umanyolo we-Organic kanye nesethi ejwayelekile yamaminerali - i-nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, ilungele ngokuphelele ukondla amagilebhisi.
Umquba usetshenziswa izikhathi ezi-3-4 ngesizini, mhlawumbe ngokunisela. Entwasahlobo, kuhlanganiswa amakhompiyutha e-nitrogen; ehlobo, kufakwa i-potassium ne-phosphorus. Izinto eziphilayo zinconywa ukuthi zethulwe kuphela ekwindla sekwephuzile njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3. Ngokusetshenziswa kwentwasahlobo kwezinto eziphilayo, ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kungonakala.
Izihlahla
Ukuthenwa kwamagilebhisi kwenziwa minyaka yonke entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Kubalulekile ukufeza ukusebenza ngesikhathi sokuwa - ngaphambi kokuba ukuqhakaza kuvuleke noma ngemuva kokuwa kwamaqabunga. Izihlahla ziqala kusuka empungeni ephezulu. Kumvini ngamunye udinga ukushiya amehlo angama-7-9, futhi lapho wenza isihlahla esineziqu eziphakeme, amehlo ayi-4-6. Sekukonke, akukho ngaphezu kwe-70 efihlekile okufanele ihlale esihlahleni. Kamuva, uma kwakhiwa amaqoqo amaningi, udinga ukuguqula isivuno ngendlela ejwayelekile ukuze ugweme ukulayisha kakhulu esihlahleni. Ngokudubula ngakunye, kungcono ukushiya amaqoqo angama-1-2.
Ubusika, udinga ukunquma amahlumela angavuthiwe
Ngokungeziwe ekwakheni izihlahla, kuyadingeka ukususa amahlumela omisiwe futhi athambile kakhulu, futhi ekwindla ukusika imivini engenawo lignified.
Shelter ebusika
Ubulukhuni basebusika baseMoldova buhle kakhulu, kepha uma kukhona eqandeni esifundeni sakho ngaphezu kwe-23 mayelanaC, khona-ke ubusika buzodinga indawo yokukhosela. Ngemuva kokuthena ekwindla, imivini ihlanganiswa, igobe phansi futhi imbozwe ngotshani, ifilimu noma i-geotextile.
Ukuze ulondoloze izihlahla ukuthi zingabi yiqhwa, kungakuhle ukuthi uzihlisele phansi uzimboze ngefilimu ngaphezulu
Uma izihlahla zingahambi ebusika, kuyadingeka ukufaka inhlabathi endaweni eyi-1-1,5 m ukusuka esiqwini nge-sliver noma nge-peat ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo. Entwasahlobo, i-mulch kumele isuswe.
Ukwelashwa ngokumelene nezifo nezinambuzane
IMoldova inokumelana kahle ne-isikhutha nezinye izifo, kepha ingathinteka yi-oidimum. Lesi sifo sithinta kakhulu ikhwalithi yesitshalo, ngakho-ke kuyalulekwa ukwenza izindlela zokuvimbela ngomxube weBordeaux (isilinganiso esingu-1: 100) noma amanye amalungiselelo ethusi. Ukwelashwa kokuqala kwenziwa ezinsukwini ezingama-7-10 ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, okwesibili - ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwamabhulashi. Ukucutshungulwa, uketshezi lweBordeaux lusetshenziswa kaningi.
Kulezi zinambuzane, amagilebhisi asaba iminyovu kuphela, kepha lokhu akusebenzi eMoldova - ngesikhathi isivuno sesiphu sesivuthiwe, akwenzeki.
Ukuvunwa, ukugcinwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezilimo
Ngokuvamile, iMoldova ivuthwa ngoSepthemba. Ukuvunwa ekuseni kusetshenziswa ukugawula imithi. Amabhulashi afakwe ngokuqinile emabhokisini. Ngenxa yesikhumba esikhulu, amagilebhisi agcinwe kahle futhi abekezelela izinto zokuhamba.
Amagilebhisi eMoldova ekuvuthweni okugcwele - ividiyo
Amagilebhisi angagcinwa egumbini elipholile izinyanga ezingama-2-3 noma ngaphezulu. Amaqoqo alengiswa kahle ezintanjeni noma emifantwini emincane; amazambane amancane angafakwa emsikeni womlenze ukuze anciphise ukoma.
Ingxenye yesilimo ingashiywa esihlahleni kuze kube yiqhwa, kepha kudingeka ukuthi ukhumbule ukuthi amagilebhisi anjalo agcinwa ngokubi kakhulu.
Lapho iqoqiwe, iMoldova imuncu impela, kodwa-ke lapho isitoreji ithola amaswidi. Ingasetjentiswa emisha ekwakheni imidumba yetiye newayini.
Ukubuyekezwa
IMoldova ngokwayo ingenye yezinhlobo zamagilebhisi ezinamandla kakhulu. Abamvumeli ngisho nokuthi baye ewayinini, ngoba iwayini elinjalo le-acid linomuntu olwe-amateur kuphela. Mina. noma ngabe iMoldova ivuthiwe (ushukela omningi uqoqiwe), khona-ke kusene-asidi eningi kuyo. Futhi emva kokuvutshelwa, lapho lonke ushukela selucuziwe, le asidi iyasala.
rondo//otvet.mail.ru/question/95590818
Angisoze ngakuqonda okuhle eMoldova. Ngizame nabantu abahlukile, kuyafana yonke indawo. Kungani ugijimani nakho, "linda kuze kuvuthwe" uma ungatshala izinhlobo ezisebenza kahle kunoma yimuphi unyaka futhi ongadingi ukulinda? Ngiyaqonda ukuthi uma ngabe eMoldova bekukhona ezinye izithambisi ezingafani nokunambitheka ezingalwelwa, ezivela lapho sesivuthiwe, njengamaphepha kaCitron Maragach ane-citron ... Kepha iMoldova ayinalutho olupholile ...
Vadim waseRostov//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?p=29284#p29284
IMoldova, isihlahla esisodwa, ukugoma ezimpandeni ezindala zikaLydia esihlukweni, ukugoma iminyaka emi-4. Ngibambelela ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili: abafana abangomakhelwane abazami kakhulu amajikijolo nokugcina amajikijolo amnyama kuze kube manje.
U-Evgeny Anatolyevich, eStavropol Territory//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=739
Ikakhulu eningizimu azikho izinhlobo ezanele zokufika sekwephuzile. Lapho wonke amagilebhisi esevele edliwe .... ngifuna ... Ngakho-ke iMoldova iyagcinwa futhi ilenga kahle esihlahleni. Bahwebelana cishe kuze kube unyaka omusha! Lokhu kuhle.
U-Andrey Viktorovich//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=61&t=147&start=270
Vele, kunezinye izinhlobo ezifike sekwedlule isikhathi, ukusebenza kwazo kuphela kude neMoldova, ngonyaka we-2016, ezimakethe, ezitolo, angitholanga lutho olungcono kuneMoldova, imnandi nge-acidity yayo (kunzima ngisho nokubiza i-acidity)
UVardan, Krasnodar//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=61&t=147&start=270
Ezimweni zesayithi lami, iMoldova iyamangalisa. Ngisho nango-2008, unyaka ongemuhle we-viticulture, akukho lutho olwasala ukuze ligcine - badla konke. Nginokuhlangenwe nakho kokukukhulisa ku-arbor naku-trellis. Kwi-trellis ivuthwa ngempela kamuva, lapho amandla okukhula etholakala ngaphezulu. Ngisho nokuguga, kumele kufakwe kuhleliwe, ngoba kwelinye ihlumela linika ama-inflorescence angama-4. Ngishiya i-inflorescence ephansi, ngisuse ukuphumula - ngakho-ke kuya amahlumela ama-3-4 futhi esikhundleni se-barren. Nginifisela impumelelo yonke ekukhuleni kweMoldova!
U-Andrew, Yuzhnoukrainsk//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=739
Amagilebhisi ethebula iMoldova ilungele ukukhula kwesimo sezulu saseRussia. Izinhlobonhlobo kulula kakhulu ukunakekela futhi ziveze isivuno esihle kakhulu. Udinga kuphela ukunqamula izihlahla njalo uzondla futhi uzinisele. Akunasidingo sokwesaba ukunambitheka okumuncu kwamajikijolo - ngesikhathi sokugcina athola ubumnandi.
