Abalimi abaningi bezimbali bakhulisa i-rose emibhedeni yabo yezimbali - indlovukazi yezimbali. Ngokwemithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo, le mbali itshale engadini kungaba entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Kodwa-ke, kunezimo ezahlukahlukene empilweni, futhi ngifuna ngempela ukuba nobuhle obunjalo esizeni sami. Futhi uma ukwazi ukutshala ama-roses emhlabathini ovulekile ehlobo, khona-ke ungakwenza lokhu ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa izakhiwo zokuhlobisa zesitshalo.
Ukutshala ama-roses emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukutshala ama-roses emhlabathini ovulekile kufanele kuhambisane nomsebenzi wokulungiselela. Kwambiwa umgodi wokufika okungenani inyanga ngaphambi kwalokho. Inhlabathi iyacetshiswa ngayo yonke imanyolo edingekayo.
Ukuqhakaza ama-rose engadini
Uma ukukwenza, kungenzeka ehlobo
Ngokusho kwayo yonke imithetho ye-floriculture, lezi zitshalo zitshalelwa maphakathi noma ekugcineni kwentwasahlobo, noma ekwindla yokuqala. Ukutshala ama-roses ehlobo ngoJuni kungenzeka, kodwa kulokhu udinga ukwazi isikhathi esifanele senqubo nayo yonke imithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo. Kwezinye izindawo zaseRussia, lapho isimo sezulu singesihle khona, ukutshala kwehlobo kuyinto evamile, ngoba ukubanda nesithwathwa kungaqhubeka lapho kuze kube nguJuni.
Umgodi wokutshala iRose
Izikhathi Zokuncoma ezinconyiwe
Ukutshala ama-roses ezinyangeni zasehlobo akuyona inketho engcono kakhulu. Kepha kunezimo ezingenathemba, ngokwesibonelo, uma isithombo sitsaliwe sivela e-nursery yakwelinye izwe, kodwa sithumele sekwedlule isikhathi. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho baphendukela kule ndlela lapho ngokuzumayo kuvela ihlathi elinhlobonhlobo emakethe. Futhi embuzweni wokuthi ama-roses angatshalwa ngoJuni, impendulo inguyebo. Kepha ukufika ngo-Julayi, inyanga eshisa kakhulu ehlobo, kuzonikeza amaphesenti amancane okusinda. Kungcono ukulinda kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti ukuze usondele ekubekweni ekwindla.
Kubalulekile! I-rose etshalwe ehlobo kufanele iqondise wonke amabutho ayo ezindleleni ezimbaxambili futhi azivumelanise nendawo entsha yokuhlala.
Izingozi nezingozi zokutshala ehlobo
Izinkinga ezinkulu ongabhekana nazo lapho ufuna ukukhula izimbali ezitshalwe ehlobo:
- Isithombo esinezingcindezi ezinkulu ngokweqile singase singabi nezimpande. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kuma roses asehlathini ngohlelo lwezimpande oluvulekile. Kubo, lobu ubunzima obukhulu.
- Lapho ukutshala i-rose ehlobo, kufanelekile ukunaka yonke imithetho yokutshala nokunakekela okunye.
- Izithombo ezintekenteke, ezibuthakathaka ezizizwa zingakhululekile zingangena ezifweni nasekuthelelekeni.
Ukutshala ama-rose ehlobo endaweni evulekile kuwumcimbi oyingozi, kepha uma kungekho enye indlela, kufanelekile ukuzama.
Ukutshala ama-roses ehlobo
Ungakulungiselela kanjani ukufika
Ngenqubo yokulungiselela ukutshala, udinga ukukhetha izinto zokutshala ezifanele, unqume indawo leyo bese uphatha inhlabathi.
Ukuthenga izithombo
Okokuqala, udinga ukukhetha isithombo esifanele. Bahlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: ephakeme nesibili. Esimweni sokuqala, ama-roses amasha anamahlumela, okungenani abe amahlumela ama-3. Inketho yesibili amahlumela ama-1-2. Kunoma ikuphi, iziqu zesitshalo kufanele zihlolwe ngokucophelela ukuze kutholakale amaqabunga anesi sifo futhi alimale kanye nezingxenye zesiqu. Ezinkulisa, ezimakethe zezingadi nasezitolo zezimbali, ungathenga izinhlobo ezi-2 zezithombo: ngohlelo oluvulekile noluvale izimpande. Abalimi bezimbali abanolwazi oluningi bazama ukuthola izitshalo zeqembu lesibili - lokhu kuzosiza ukwenza lula ukuthutha ngaphandle kokulimaza izimpande. Uhlelo lwezimpande oluvulekile likuvumela ukuthi uhlole ngokucophelela zonke izimpande, futhi ashibhile kunezitshalo ezitsheni. Amanye ama-roses athengiswa ezimbizeni ezimakethe ezijwayelekile, akunconywa ukuwathenga, ngoba umphumela awuqinisekisiwe. Esikhundleni salokhu okuhlukahlukene, ungathenga i-rosehip ejwayelekile.
Kubalulekile! Ububi bezitshalo ezinesistimu evulekile yezimpande ukuthi azikwazi ukugcinwa isikhathi eside, kubalulekile ukuthi uzitshale emhlabathini kungakapheli usuku ngemuva kokutholwa.
I-Roses nursery ngohlelo oluvaliwe lwezimpande
Ukukhetha indawo ozohlala kuyo
Indawo okufika kuyo kufanele ibe yilanga, kepha ivikelwe elangeni lasemini. Kufanele kube nomthunzi ngalesi sikhathi. Imisebe emnyama, egcwele amathunzi izwela ikakhulu ilanga elishisayo. Zishiswa yilanga ngokushesha. Izimbali ezinama-buds akhanyayo azwakali kangako elangeni, kepha umthunzi futhi ngeke ube mkhulu.
Kubalulekile! Encane, etshalwe kuphela ezitshalweni zasehlobo, kuyadingeka ukumboza ngezinsuku ezishisayo ngama-cap iphepha elincanyana neliphefumulayo, njengamaphephandaba.
Indawo ebanjwayo kufanele inikezwe umoya omncane, kepha okusalungiswa nomoya ovuthuzayo kufanele kugwenywe. Izinga lamanzi aphansi komhlaba akufanele libe ngaphezulu kuka-1 m.
Amaroses ngohlelo lwezimpande oluvulekile
Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi
Inhlabathi ekahle inhlabathi enempilo eyolisayo, evulekile, inomswakama futhi inakho ukuphefumula, ngokwesibonelo, i-chernozem. Kepha umhlabathi onjalo utholakala ezifundeni ezithile, kaningi kuyadingeka ukusebenza nokuthi yini. Izinketho zokulungiselela inhlabathi:
- Inhlabathi evulekile kakhulu yengeza i-turf ne-peat. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uhlelo lwezimbali luzophola ebusika, futhi isitshalo sizokufa.
- Umhlabathi we-Clay ukhanyiswa nge-peat, humus, isihlabathi noma umquba.
- Kukhethwa i-acidity engathathi hlangothi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, inhlabathi kumele ingathathi hlangothi ngomlotha noma nge-lime, futhi i-alkaline kufanele ihlanganiswe ne-peat, umanyolo we-organic noma i-sphagnum.
Ngemuva kokuba umgodi wokumba usubiwe (usayizi ojwayelekile ongu-50x50), udinga ukuqala ukulungisa inhlabathi: usembiwe ngokuphelele; yenza umanyolo we-organic, umlotha kanye nezithako eziyinkimbinkimbi zama roses.
Ungayitshala kanjani i-rose yisithombo esitsheni esivulekile, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Ngemuva kokuthengwa kwesithombo sekuthengiwe, ukutshala okulungile kwe-rose kusuka esitsheni endaweni evulekile kungaphambili:
- Ungqimba lobumba olwandisiwe (noma olunye udonsa) u-10 cm obukhulu luyathululelwa ezansi komgodi wokufika.
- Emahoreni angama-2-3, isitshalo kanye nembiza sicwiliswa kwisisombululo se-stimulator yokukhulisa izimpande (Korenvin, Epin, njll.).
- Isithombo sisuswa ngokucophelela esitsheni ngaphandle kokulimaza izimpande.
- Emgodini wokutshala, kwenziwa ukucindezelwa lapho kutshalwa khona isitshalo esincane kanye nesigaxa sobumba. Indawo yokugoma kumele ijule ibanga elinconyelwe ukuhlukahluka okuthile, ngokwesibonelo, ama-roses wokufafaza ajule ngo-3-4 cm.
- Isikhala samahhala simbozwe inhlabathi elungiselelwe. Yonke into yenziwa kancane kancane, ngokunisela izingxenye zezingxube zenhlabathi ukuze ngezikhathi ezithile ihamba ngokushesha lapho ihlangana nokusika.
- Inhlabathi ezungeze isihlahla ihlanganiswe, ibunjiwe, iniselwa ngesisombululo se-sulfate yethusi futhi ifakwe nokunye okuphathelene nemvelo.
Ekuqaleni, ngemuva kokutshala ehlobo ngaphezulu kwesihlahla, ama-roses enza uhlobo lwendlu, oluzogubungela imbali kusuka ekukhanyiseni kwelanga ngokweqile. I-Shelter isuswa ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2. Inhlabathi eyonakalisiwe nayo iyahlanzwa.
Kubalulekile! Uma konke kwenziwa kahle, ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-3 amaqabunga okuqala azovela esihlahleni esisha.
Izici zokutshala ama-roses ezimbizeni ezivulekile
Ukutshala ama-roses avela ebhodweni kuyafana nokutshala esitsheni, kepha kulokhu kufanele uqaphele kakhudlwana. Uma umthengisi enakekela, khona-ke uhlelo lwezimpande lumbozwe nge-mesh ekhethekile. Uma lokhu kungenjalo, kungcono ukususa ingxenye yomhlaba usususe ezimpandeni futhi uzihlole ngokucophelela. Susa izingxenye ezilimele. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukubamba imbali amahora ambalwa esikhulisi sokukhula kwezimpande. Okulandelayo, ungafaka i-wax encane ezimpandeni ukugcina umswakama kuzo isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngaphakathi komgodi wokungena, kudalwa indunduma encane lapho kubekwa khona imbali, uhlelo lwezimpande luqondiswe kahle. Okunye - udinga ukwenza ngendlela efanayo nasendabeni yokutshala i-rose esitsheni. Into esemqoka ukutshala ngokunembe ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaphandle kokulimaza noma yiziphi izingxenye zesitshalo.
Iseluleko! Izithombo zisikwa ezitshalweni zezimbotshana zokusakazwa uma kwenzeka imbali ingaqali.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo ngemuva kokutshala
Ngemuva kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, imbali kufanele igcinwe kahle. Gada isimo sesitshalo ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ungaphuthelwa yiliphi iphuzu elibi.
Imithetho yokunisela nomswakama
Ukunisela kwenziwa izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesonto. Kokubili ukunisela okungaphansi kanye nangaphansi kunconyiwe, isb. ukufafaza kwibhodlela lokufafaza. Le nqubo yenziwa ekuseni kakhulu noma kusihlwa.
Ukunisela ama-roses amasha
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufakwa kaningana ngesizini. Kungaba yimicu eyinkimbinkimbi eyenziwe ngomumo yama roses, noma i-organic, isibonelo, isisombululo esibuthakathaka se-mullein.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ukugwema izifo zezithombo ezincane, i-sage noma ama-marigolds zingatshalwa eduzane.
I-Sage eduze kwama roses
Izici zokutshala ama-roses ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene
Isikhathi esifanele sokutshala ihlobo ehlobo sihlukahluka ngokuya ngesifunda:
- Izingxenye eziphakathi nendawo eziphakathi neRussia ziphakamisa ukuthi zifike ngo-Ephreli kuze kube uSepthemba.
- ISiberia, ama-Urals akuvumela ukuthi utshale izimbali kusuka ngoJuni kuya ku-Agasti.
- Izifunda zaseningizimu azifaki sandla ekutshalweni kwama roses ehlobo, ngoba ehlobo kushisa kakhulu lapho. Kungcono ukulinda ukuwa.
URose eSiberia
Kubalulekile! Awukwazi ukutshala ama-roses ngesikhathi sezimbali. Kuzofanela silinde size siphele isitshalo, futhi lokhu kwenzeka ngaphambi kuka-Agasti. Ngezinhlobonhlobo ezilwa nesithwathwa, isimo sibi kakhulu - ziyaqhakaza isikhathi eside.
Ungakhula i-rose ekhuphukayo emhlabathini ovulekile, kepha lokhu kudinga isipiliyoni. Kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka isitshalo ngokunakekelwa okuhle. Ingadi kanye ne-cottage, kuhlotshiswe ngesihlahla se-rose - umbono omuhle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma izimbali zinhlobo ezingandile. Noma yisiphi isitshalo sidinga ukunakekelwa nokunakwa, kepha umphumela uhlala ugqugquzela abalimi.
