Ukuze uthole amakhophi amasha yale mbali enhle, kunezindlela eziningana.
Ukukhiqizwa kweminduze akuyona inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ukuthi ngisho nomhloli wezimbali ongenalwazi angabhekana nokubhekana nekhono lobuchwepheshe.
Ikhuphuka kanjani iminduze? Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuzalanisa lembali enhle.
Indlela yokukhetha incike kulokho okukopishwa wena noma abangane bakho. Kunezindlela eziningana, zombili kokubeletha kanye nemifino.
Ukunakekela nokukhiqiza
Ama-bulb
Indlela isetshenziselwa ukufakelwa iminduze.
Emva kweminyaka engama-4-5 emva kokutshala imbali kunesidingo sokuyifakelwa.
Ngokuqondile, le nqubo ingabizwa ngokuthi i-seeding, ngoba ngesikhathi sokukhula ngaphansi kwezidleke zomhlaba, kuqukethe ama-4-6 ama-bulb.
Ukukhipha isidleke kufanele kuhlukaniswe ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngaphandle kwalokho i-lily izomisa izimbali.
Lesi sitshalo sikhishwe emhlabathini ngasekupheleni kukaSeptemba. Ama-bulbs aphethwe ahlukaniswa, aphathwa ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate, omiswe emthunzini.
Izimpande zama-bulbu zidinga ukunquma u-8-10 cm.
Ngemuva kokumiswa, i-bulb ngayinye itshalwe kahle. Kakade ngonyaka wesibili ngemva kokuhlukaniswa, isenzakalo ngasinye sizoqhakaza. Uma ama-form ahlanganisiwe, khona-ke izimbali zizoqala ngonyaka.
Izingane
Ngesisekelo se-lily stem, kwakhiwa ama-anyanisi-amancane.
Uma isibani sitshalwe ngokujulile, inani lezingane lizoba likhulu kakhulu.
Uma kudingekile ukuzala izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene endaweni yakho, ungandisa inani le-anyanisi elinjalo ngokuhlakanipha.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, susa izimbali kusuka ku-lily, ungawavumeli ukuba ziqhakaze. Ungaphinde uhlukanise isiqu nezingane ezakhiwe entwasahlobo kanye ne-prikopat emthunzini.
I-TIP: Ukuthi lesi sitshalo sesijwayele, sinamanzi amaningi. Ngalesi sindlela, ekwindla u-anyanisi omkhulu uzokwakha esiteshini.
Izinhlamvu
Izinto ezinjalo zakhiwe phakathi kwesitshalo namaqabunga e-lily. Kufanele ziqoqwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuchichima.
Ukukhiqizwa kweminduze nge-bulbs kuyindlela elula yokuthola inamba enkulu yezithombo.
Eminye imbali ngayinye ingakhiwa kusukela ku-100 ukuya ku-150 umoya we-bulbechek, okuyilowo nalowo okwazi ukuphilisa isitshalo esisha.
Isikali
Ama-Lily anezici ezilodwa - zimbozwe ngezikali lapho i-anyanisi encane ingakhula khona - izingane.
Kungenzeka ukuthi uthole izikali ezivela ku-isibani uma uqala ukutshala isitshalo. Ama-Grooves for landings ane 20-25 cm.
Njengoba ama-bulb aphuma emhlabathini, izilinganiso zihlukanisiwe ngokucophelela, zihlanjululwe kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate futhi ziphathwa nge-fungicide.
Khona-ke izikali zifakwe ephaketheni le-opaque, elibhekwe ne-peat noma i-sawdust. Iphakheji ifakwa ekamelweni elifudumele lamaviki angu-8-7. Emva kwamasonto amane ukushisa kuncishiswe kuya kuma-17-18 degrees.
Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-anyanisi ama-3-4 akhiwa ngesilinganiso ngasinye. Ngakho-ke, i-bulb eyodwa yomama ingaveza izitshalo ezintsha ezifika ku-20 kuya kwezingu-100.
I-anyanisi eqoshiwe etshalwe emhlabathini entwasahlobo, ngalesi sikhathi bayilungele ukulima emhlabathini ovulekile.
Cuttings
Izinhlobo ezikhethekile kakhulu eziyigugu nezinhlobo ezingavamile zezimbali zingasakazwa ngokuhlanganiswa. Ngokuba ukukhiqizwa kwabo kufanelekile iziqu kanye namacembe.
I-stem cuttings. Ukuvuna ngaphambi kokwakheka kwefihlekile. Isiqu sinqunywa kusuka esitshaleni futhi sinqunywa zibe izingxenye zika 8-9 cm.
Ukusikeka kwenziwa ekalini futhi kubeka ngokucacile indawo yokusebenza emhlabathini kuze kube sezingeni lamapheshana aphezulu.
Ukuhlala komhlaba kuphuziswa njalo. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-1-1.5, kuye ngokuthi izinga lokushisa lomoya, ama-bulbu avela kuma-axils weqabunga. Zingahlukaniswa futhi zitshalwe enhlabathini.
I-TIP: Ukwandisa inani lama-bulb ku-stem, ukusika okungeziwe kungenziwa engxenyeni engaphansi komhlaba.
Futhi kufanelekile ukukhiqiza i-stalk leaf kanye nengxenye encane ye-stem. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kunqunywe esitshalweni bese kufakwe esitsheni esigcwele inhlabathi.
Ukusuka ngenhla isembozo se-transparent cap. Ukuqothulwa komzimba kwenzeka emavikini angu-4-5. Ngokushesha nje lapho amahlumela okuqala evela kuso, umsebenzi osebenzayo ungadluliselwa emhlabathini ovulekile.
Indlela yembewu
Ngokuhlukile, kufanele kuthiwe ngokuthola iminduze kusuka kumbewu. Ukukhiqizwa kweminduze ngembewu kufanele ukuthola izinhlobo ezintsha esakhiweni sakho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyindlela ekhiqiza kakhulu, ikuvumela ukuthi uthole amakhophi amaningi ezitshalo ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Enye inzuzo ukuphikiswa kwezimbali ezikhulile izifo, ngoba ama-virus awadluliswanga ngembewu.
Indlela yenzalo yiyona kuphela yokuzalanisa iminduze yezinhlobo ze-hybride, ngoba ama-form awakhiwe ayigcine impahla ye-bulb yomzali.
I-TIP: Uma ukhetha imbewu, qinisekisa ukuthi zitholile ngaphambi kokuthenga, njengoba izinga lokuhluma lingancipha ngo-50% ngonyaka wesibili ngemva kokuvuna. Ngonyaka wesithathu kuphela ama-5-10% akwazi ukuhluma.
Uma ufuna ukuthola imbewu kusuka ezinhlobonhlobo ezikhulayo ezihlotsheni zakho, kufanele ufunde mayelana nekhono lokuvota imifino oyikhulayo. Kunezinhlobo zemvelo ezivotela impova kanye nezici.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuhambisana nobuchwepheshe bokuqoqa imbewu. Awukwazi ukuphula amabhokisi kuze kube yilapho imbewu ivuthiwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma usephuzile neqoqo, amabhokisi angase avuleke futhi imbewu izothululela phansi.
Ukuqoqa ukhethe isiqu esinempilo. Kuyadingeka ukuba usike ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa. Isiqu ngebhokisi lezinhlamvu sigqoke iphepha bese ushiya ukuze umile ngokuphelele.
Uma sekuvele kubanda, futhi amabhokisi ayengavuthiwe, isiqu sihlukaniswa ne-bulb bese sifakwa ku-vase ngamanzi ashukela (isipuni nge 1 litre). Ezimweni ezinjalo, imbewu ivuthwe.
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, imbewu ilungiswa ngendlela ekhethekile yokuthuthukisa ukuhluma kwazo. Ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa ebhokisini, zixubene nesihlabathi futhi zifakwe esiqandisini.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kwenziwa ngezindlela ezintathu.
Emhlabathini ovulekile
Le ndlela ifanele izinhlobo ezibandayo.
Kudingekile ukukhetha isayithi elinjalo lapho amasiko ama-bulb ayengakhuliwa ngaphambilini.
Indawo akufanele igcwaliswe ngamanzi ashisayo entwasahlobo, futhi indawo kufanele ibe njengelanga njengelanga.
Bamba inhlabathi, ngaphandle kwama-debris esitshalo. Inhlabathi enzima kumele ifakwe nge-peat nesihlabathi sokuphefumula.
Ama-ridges enza phezulu, imitha eyodwa ububanzi. Emibhedeni yenza ama-groove ahamba phambili ebangeni lika-15-20 cm komunye nomunye. Imbewu ifakwa emigodini engu-2-3 cm ejulile futhi ifafazwe ngendwangu yeshlabathi. Kusukela phezulu izitshalo zikhamera ungqimba lwe-humus namahlamvu.
Emabhokisini wezithombo
Izinhlobo eziningana zeminduze kufanele zihlwanyelwe emabhokisini ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi futhi zikhule ezimweni zokushisa.
I-substrate ilungiswe kusuka enhlanganweni ye-peat, umhlaba we-sod kanye negravel elihle. Imbewu ifafazwa ngokungahleliwe phezu kwendawo futhi ifafazwe ngendwangu yeshlabathi.
Ukushisa okuhluma - ama-18-25 degrees. Uma izinga lokushisa liphakeme, ukuhluma kuyanciphisa kakhulu. Amahlumela avela ezinsukwini ezingu-15-25.
Lapho nje kuvela amahlumela okuqala, kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi abafayo kusukela elangeni nokuntuleka kokuthungwa. Amahlumela ama-lilies ngalesi sikhathi asengozini kakhulu. Ukushisa okwamanje kufanele kuncishiswe ku-15-16 degrees.
Esigabeni salezi zitshalo ze-leaflet zihamba, zizama ukulimaza izimpande ezinomthelela. Emva kokukhetha, ukunakekelwa kwehlumela kuqukethe ukuchelela nokuvikelwa ezinambuzane.
I-TIP: Ukuze kuvikelwe izifo zefungal, amahlumela ahlanjululwa nge-Bordeaux ingxube, futhi avikelwe ku-chlorophos ngama-aphid.
Ezimbizeni ezine-substrate yezakhi
Le ndlela isetshenziselwa izinhlobo ezimbi zokuhluma.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, i-peat nesihlabathi zixubene ngobuningi obulinganayo, obuswakanyisiwe futhi bugcwele ingxube yembiza engilazi.
Imbewu ifakwa e-substrate, imbiza ihlanganiswe nefilimu ye-polyethylene futhi ifakwe ukulungiswa nge-band ehlanganisiwe noma ngentambo.
Amabhange afakwa endaweni efudumele, ekhanyayo. Ukushisa kugcinwa cishe ngama-18-20 degrees.
Ezinsukwini ezingu-60-90, u-anyanisi akhula ebhange. Lapho nje zibonakala ezizindongeni zamathini, inhlanganisela kanye nama-bulbs ithululelwa emasakeni epulasitiki futhi ifakwe esiqandisini.
Kulesi simo, u-anyanisi agcinwe izinyanga ezimbili. Emva kwalesi sikhathi, i-anyanisi ikhethwa emhlabathini futhi itshalwe emabhokisini okuhlwanyela.
Emhlabathini ovulekile okhulile kusuka kuma-seed etshalwe ngoSeptemba. Izinhlobo ezincane zamaqhwa zikhula emabhokisini kuze kufike entwasahlobo.
Iminduze yemifula ekhulile ngale ndlela iqala ngonyaka wesibili.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhetha ukuzala iminduze, akunzima kakhulu ukukwenza. Umchamo ngamunye, ngisho noma ongazibonela, uzobhekana nale nqubo futhi uzokwazi ukuthola amakhophi amasha wembali elihle ngesakhiwo sakhe.
Ukwaziswa okuningiliziwe kanye neseluleko ekukhetheni indawo, imithetho yokufakelwa kwe-Lily ingatholakala kwiwebhusayithi yethu: Lily Transplant.
