- Uhlobo: Lilac
- Isikhathi Sezimbali: Meyi, Juni, Julayi, Agasti, Septhemba, Okthoba
- Ukuphakama: 20-250cm
- Umbala: omhlophe, ophuzi, owolintshi, obomvu, onamabala, owamaphini amabili
- Okungenasisekelo
- Ubusika
- Ilanga elinothando
- Ukuthanda
ILily iyimbali enhle ngokumangalisayo enephunga elimnandi eliye lahlonishwa emasikweni amaningi. AmaGrikhi athi umsuka waphezulu, akholelwa ukuthi aminduze amila ubisi lukaJuno - umama wezithixo. Futhi enguqulweni engokoqobo evela esiGrekini, elithi "li-li" lizwakala ngathi “mhlophe-mhlophe.” AmaRoma ayemhlonipha njengembali esemqoka emikhosini ekhazimulisa unkulunkulukazi wasentwasahlobo uFlora. AmaKhristu namaJuda bahlobisa ama-altare abo angcwele kanye nawo, becabanga lily njengophawu lokumsulwa. Le mbali ingatholakala ezingalweni zemindeni emihle yamazwe ahlukene. Namuhla, iminduze ihlobisa amapaki amaningi nezindawo ezingaphansi kwedolobha, isebenza njengesiqholo esikhanyayo kunoma iyiphi ingadi yezimbali. Enye yezindlela zokuqala zokuqhakaza kweziqhakaza kwalezi zitshalo ezimangalisayo ukutshala okufanele iminduze futhi uyinakekele.
Amaqembu amakhulu nezinhlobonhlobo ezidumile zeminduze
Ngokusho kwesigaba samazwe omhlaba, lezi zitshalo ezinhle eziqhakaza izimbali zisehlukaniswe ngamaqembu ayi-9:
- E-Eshiya - faka izinkulungwane ezingama-5. Zibonakaliswa ngokungathobeki nobulukhuni bobusika, izimbali azinuka.
- Curly - bala amamaki angama-200. Igama lanikezwa ngenxa yama-inflorescence afana nesibani sekhandlela esinamakhanda we-drooping.
- Imhlophe qhwa - Faka izinhlobo ezingama-30. Banephunga elimnandi futhi bangaba nombala ophuzi ophuzi. Unomsindo omkhulu.
- WaseMelika - babe nezinhlobo eziyi-140. Izimbali ziqala kakhulu ngemibala ekhanyayo exotic, zivame ukuhlotshiswa ngama-specks amnyama amabili-amnyama. Ukukhetha okuhle.
- Izimbali ende - yiba nesimilo sehubhu ephakeme ngokuqondisa uhlangothi noma phansi, elimnandi kakhulu. Ezimweni zamasimu, bavame ukuhlaselwa yizifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, sebekhule njengezitshalo zokugcina ukushisa.
- Tubular -ba nesimilo sesimbali esifana negramu yesikhathi eside, eqoqwe kusuka kumacembe aminyene we-wax. Moody, badinga indawo yokuhlala ebusika.
- EzaseMpumalanga (Empumalanga) - Iqembu elikhulu lenezinhlobo ezingama-1300. I-Moody, ukushisa okudingayo, okuvame ukuthinteka yisifo.
- Ama-nzalo we-Interspecific - Hlanganisa izimfanelo ezinhle zamaqembu ngamanye. Muhle kakhulu futhi uyisimanga. Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezitholakele ngenxa yokuwela, ezithandwa kakhulu kukhona nzalo ye-LA, nzalo ye-OT, kanye no-hybrids we-LO ngezimbali ezinkulu ezifika ku-25 cm ubukhulu ngokuthambekela.
- Izinhlobo zemvelo - dlala indima ebalulekile ekwakheni izinhlobo ezintsha.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, lezi zitshalo ezingama-herbaceous zihlala zihlala emikhawulweni ethokomele yeNyakatho Nenkabazwe: eMedithera, eningizimu-mpumalanga nephakathi kweMelika, eJapan naseChina. Ukusatshalaliswa okukhulu kakhulu ezindaweni eziphakathi nendawo kwakuyizimbewu zamanzi zemvelo zase-Asia.
Iminduze ingomunye wabameli abahle kakhulu be-genus bulbous. Zingamalungu omndeni wosuku lwasemini futhi ziyizihlobo zika-anyanisi, i-grouse, ama-tulips
Abase-Asia bavela ezinhlotsheni zemvelo zeminduze yaseSiberia, efana neDaurskaya neTigrovaya, ngakho-ke iningi elinobusika obuqinile futhi elihunyushelwa esimeni sezulu esingesihle kangako. Amaqembu asele ominduze, njengasempumalanga, tubular noma curly, adinga ukunakekelwa okuthe xaxa.
Phakathi nzalo yase-Eshiya, okuhlobisa kakhulu yizinhlobonhlobo:
- "UMarlene" - ama-petals of a pink pinkithunzi. Idume ngokuqhakaza izimbali eziningi.
- "I-Landini" - ubuhle obumangalisayo be-maroon ngaphezu kokuphakama kwamamitha.
- "I-Aphrodite" - imbali enesihlabathi esinezimbali ezi-pink.
Ezinhlotsheni ezindala nezivivinywe isikhathi, kufanelekile ukugqamisa: "Ukuqalwa" ngezimbali zohlobo oluhlaza-orenji ocebile, "Ukuqothula" ngezikhonkwane ezintekenteke zombala we-lime-ophuzi, "Peprike" ngezimbali ezibomvu ezikhanyayo.
Abamele abathembekile beqembu laseMpumalanga bangabhekwa: "I-Mona Liza" enezimbali ezinhle ezipinki, "iTiberi" enezimbali zohlobo lwe-lilac hue olwakhiwe umngcele omhlophe, ubuhle obumhlophe qhwa "uSiberia"
Ukukhetha izinto zokutshala
Lapho ukhetha izinto zokutshala, kubalulekile ukuthi unake izici zesimo sendawo leyo, ngoba akuyona yonke iminduze ekwazi ukubekezelela ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa ngaphandle kobuhlungu.
Lapho uthenga izinto zokutshala, hlola ngokucophelela isibani: kukhona amabala noma iminonjana yokubola kuso. Lezi zimpawu zikhombisa ukulimala kwezifo zezitshalo. Isibazi kufanele sibe nemibala ngokulinganayo, amachashazi afaneleke komunye nomunye.
Ukulebhula kuzosiza ekuboneni ukuhlobana kwesitshalo:
- Inombolo yokuqala yamaRoma isho iqembu leminduze;
- Inombolo yesibili ikhombisa isikhundla sembali ("a" - up, "b" - ohlangothini, "c" - phansi);
- Incwadi enqamula engxenyeni ichaza ukwakheka kwembali ("a" ishubhu, "b" iyabekwa, "c" uyisicaba, futhi "d" yi-chalmoid).
Ngaphambi kokutshala, kungcono ukugcina ama endaweni epholile, ufafaza ngesihlabathi, sawdust noma moss emanzi. Ezinye zifanela ishelufu elingaphansi kwesiqandisi ngalezi zinhloso.
Ngokutshala kwentwasahlobo, khetha ama ama-amahlumela asebekhulile futhi nezimpande ezimhlophe ezimfishane sezikhulile
Esimweni lapho isibani siqala ukuhluma ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kungakuhle ukusitshala ebhodweni lezimbali, ukushiye egumbini elifudumele. Kufanelekile ukubuyisa indawo evulekile ngemuva kweqhwa.
Ukukhetha indawo yokubeka
Lapho uhlela ukuthi ubeka kuphi ubuhle obujwayelekile esizeni, kufanele ugxile ekuxhumaneni kweqembu lakhe. Imigqa yeTubular, yase-Eshiya neyasempumalanga ibonisa ukuhlobisa okukhulu kakhulu ezindaweni ezinokhanyo kahle.
Bazizwa bekhululekile ku-penumbra yomnduze, lapho izimpande ezingaphansi zitholakala khona engxenyeni engaphansi komhlaba yesiqu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinhlobo zeminduze egobekile. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuyibeka ukuze Ingxenye ye-basal idalulwe, futhi i-inflorescence ikhanyiswe ukukhanya kwelanga.
I-Lily isitshalo esithanda ukushisa esithanda izindawo ezinokhanyo kahle, esimbozwe ngethembekile "ngesikrini" somahlamvu aluhlaza asuka emithonjeni yomoya
Iminduze yezimbali ezinkulu ibukeka kahle ekusebenzeni kwe-solo. Lapho utshala iminduze enezimbali ezincane ukuthola umphumela ocacisayo wokubonisa ubuhle, kungcono ukwakha amaqembu amancane, uwafake kude kwe-10-15 cm komunye nomunye. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sobuhle obuhle bezinye izihlahla zangesikhathi esizayo, izimbali ezinhle ezinomusa zizokuma kahle, zidala isithombe esihle.
Ngokutshala izimbali, amasayithi akhiwe endaweni ephakeme encane afanele. Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela ukungahambi kwamanzi emvula, okuvame ukudala ukulimala kwezitshalo ngamagciwane. Inhlabathi emanzi ibulala ubuhle obuhle. Kungenzeka uthuthukise izimo obumbeni nasenhlabathini esindayo e-loamy ngokuhlela amanzi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, beka imisele, ubeke endaweni ethambekele kancane. Ngaphansi kwemisele kufakwe ungqimba lwezitini ezichotshoziwe noma amatshe amancane, afafazwe ngesihlabathi somfula futhi embozwe inhlabathi.
Ukuze inhlabathi eseduze kwendawo eyisisekelo sembali isemthunzini futhi ingashisi ngokweqile ngaphansi kokukhanya kwelanga, endaweni eseduze kungcono ukutshala izibiliboco zasemini, izinsimbi kanye nemikhosi. Amahlamvu abo asakazwayo azogquma umhlaba, adale izimo ezinhle zokwakha ubuhle bokukhetha.
Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi efanele
Inhlabathi efanelekile iphumelela ngama-80% eminduze ekhuleni. Akunandaba neqembu le-anyanisi, bonke bakhetha ukukhula emhlabathini onothile.
Emhlabathini onothile futhi othelwe kahle, izinhlobo zeqembu laseMelika kanye nzalo yasempumalanga zikhula kahle
Umanyolo omuhle kakhulu weminduze ubhekwa njenge-humus. Kepha kufanele kuthathwe ngokuqapha: ngokweqile komsoco, izitshalo ziqala "ukukhuluphala". Lokhu kuthukuthelisa ukwehla kwabo, ukwehla kokumelana nezifo kanye nokwehla kokuqina kweqhwa. Isilinganiso esifanele se-humus eyethulwe ngu-7-8 kg nge-1 sq.m.
Ukwethulwa komquba omile kancane onama microflora we-pathogenic ngezitshalo ezingama-pathogenic kungaba yingozi ezitshalweni.
Umhlabathi ngaphansi kwalezi zitshalo ze-herbaceous eziqhakazayo kufanele uqukethe inani elanele lezakhi zomzimba, ngoba endaweni eyodwa isitshalo singaphila kusuka eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemihlanu. Lapho ugaya inhlabathi, ivunwa ngamanyolo angenamaminerali, ahlanganisa i-nitrogen, i-potassium ne-phosphorus. Zenziwe ngesilinganiso sama-gramu ayi-100 ngemitha yendawo ngayinye.
Njengoba izimpande zezitshalo zihamba ngokujulile, zigaya inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala, zimba ngokujulile okuyi-30- 40 cm. Ukuze kukhuzwe inhlabathi enobumba esindayo, kufakwa isihlabathi kuyo
Iningi labamele umndeni wosuku alukubekezeleli umhlabathi one-acidic, bakhetha kancane i-alkali kanye nezingoma zomhlabathi ezinobuthi obuncane. Emhlabathini omiswe kahle nge-acid, izinhlobo kuphela zeqembu lasempumalanga ezizizwa zikhululekile. Ama-nzalo ase-Asiya kanye ne-LA ayayithanda kakhulu inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi ne-humus, futhi iminduze yeshubhu ihlobisa kakhulu emhlabathini ompofu, omncane one-alkaline nge-admixtures yomlotha nesihlabathi.
Ukusiza ukunciphisa i-acidity yenhlabathi:
- Umlotha wezinkuni - wenziwa ngesilinganiso se-150-200 g nge-1 sq.m;
- I-Chalk - yenza ngesikhathi sokumba ngemitha ngayinye yesikwele engu-300-500 gr.
Ukutshala Ukusebenza Kwezinto
Amabhuleki ayahlolwa ngaphambi kokutshala, alahla amasampula anezifo: asusa izicubu ezonakele, anqume isikali abolile nezimpande ezifile.
Izinto ezihloliwe zigezwa ngaphansi kwengcindezi imizuzu engama-20-30. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukukhula kwezifo zokukhunta, kuqala zigcinwa kwikhambi le-potanganum permanganate elilungiswe engxenyeni ye-5 g nge-10 wamalitha amanzi, bese kubakhona nesixazululo se-drugazazone. Uma kunesidingo, zingafakwa kusisombululo sezinambuzane esuselwa ku-chlorophos nephesenti elilodwa le phosphamide.
Uhlelo lwezimpande zalezi zitshalo loma ngokushesha ngokwanele. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokugcotshwa, asikho isidingo sokuwomisa
Khetha isikhathi sokutshala
Isikhathi sokutshala esikahle kakhulu ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezitshalo. Lesi yisikhathi esivela ngasekupheleni kwehlobo kuya phakathi ekwindla. Endabeni yokutholwa kwama bulbu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ukutshala kungenziwa ngokushesha lapho inhlabathi inyibilika futhi yomile. Ukutshala kwentwasahlobo enobungozi kuyingozi ngoba amahlumela amancane angalimala.
Ukutshala kwentwasahlobo kulungele izinhlobo zezimbali ezifika sekwephuzile, ama-bulbs awo akhula kancane kancane. Kubandakanya nzalo ye-LO kanye nezinhlobo zeqembu lasempumalanga: iRio Negro, i-White Haven, iRialto, iMarco Polo.
Lapho utshala izitshalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqondiswa ngumthetho wokuthi izinhlamvu ezinkulu ezinobubanzi obungu-8-12 cm zitshalwe zafika ekujuleni kwama-25 cm, kanti ezincane zilingana kathathu usayizi we-bulb uqobo
Okuwukuphela kwalokhu okukhona yiCalcedony, emhlophe qhwa neTestaceum. Bakha irosette elingaphansi lamaqabunga, futhi ngenxa yalokho ungqimba lomhlabathi ngaphezulu kwabo akufanele udlule i-2-3 cm.
Ukutshala ama-bulbs ngezinhlobo zenhlabathi ezisindayo, phansi kwemigodi yokutshala imbozwe ngesihlabathi esingu-5 cm. Ukuze uzivikele kuma-voles, i-wire mesh ibekwa odongeni lwangaphakathi lomgodi wokufika.
I-anyanisi ibekwe phansi phansi komgodi, ibekwe “phezu komcamelo” wesihlabathi, futhi izimpande ziqonde. Abakwazi ukuba namaphethe futhi bagobile. Indawo ebanjwayo imakwe ngesikhonkwane futhi ifafazwe ngomhlaba, inyathela kancane. Umgodi uniselwa kakhulu ngamanzi wokuxazulula futhi umbozwe nge-mulch kusuka kumagxolo.
Iminduze izwela kakhulu ukomisa izimpande. Ukuze ama kungabi bikho ngenkathi kulungiswa umgodi, kungcono ukuwasonga ngethawula elimanzi noma ukufihla ebhokisini eline-peat emanzi. Amahlumela amancane amathenda asaba amazinga okushisa ngokweqile
Ukuvikela amahlumela amancane, ama ama atshaliwe ambozwe ngamabhodlela epulasitiki anamabhodlela aqoshwe. Ngale njongo, kungcono ukusebenzisa amabhodlela anezindonga ezibanzi ezinomthamo wamalitha ama-2-3.
Ukuzithoba ekunakekelweni ubuhle obuxakile
Ungayinakekela kanjani iminduze? Ukunciphisa ukunakekelwa kwalezi zitshalo eziqhakazayo, kumele kulandelwe izincomo ezimbalwa:
- Ngenkathi, fakela izitshalo ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi nomlotha ngesilinganiso sama-gramu angama-50 nge-skwele ngasinye. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa ngezigaba ezintathu: ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, esigabeni sokukhula kwehlumela nangemuva kokuqhakaza. Ilungele ukugqokwa kwezimpande zentwasahlobo: ammonium nitrate (40 g ngalinye 10 l), nitroammophosphate (50 g nge-10 l), isisombululo se-mullein esivuthisiwe ngokwesilinganiso esingu-1: 10.
- Nikeza ukuthambisa ngesikhathi. Yize i-lily ingathandi umswakama ngokweqile, ikakhulukazi izinsuku ezomile zidinga ukuthambisa kaningi. Ukunisela ngaphansi kwempande, ukuzama ukungamanzisi amaqabunga. Amaconsi amanzi abanjwe ngengozi angasebenza njengamalensi okuqala, abangele ukushiswa yilanga.
- Ukuhlanganisa inhlabathi. Ukushisa ngokweqile kwenhlabathi, okuphazamisa ukuhamba kwezinqubo zezinto eziphilayo, kulimaza kakhulu izitshalo ze-bulb. Lokhu kungavinjelwa ngokuhlanganisa umhlabathi ngezinto zemvelo zemithunzi ekhanyayo (utshani obunjiwe, utshani, sawdust).
- Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane. Kuyingozi yezingxenye zezulu zezitshalo kukhona ibhungane le-watermelon kanye ne-watermelon fly. Ungasusa izinambuzane ngokuqoqa izibungu ngesandla nangokufafaza ngeziqu ngamalungiselelo afana ne- "Thunder", "Grizzly", "Fly-eater".
- I-Garter stems. Izinhlobo eziphakeme ezineziqu ezondile kufanele ziboshwe ngokusekelwa, ngaleyo ndlela zivimbele ukuqhekeka kwazo nendawo yokuhlala.
- Ngakho-ke ukuthi ama-inflorescence aqothulayo ngemuva kokuqhakaza angonakalisi isithombe, kufanele asuswe ngendlela efanele. Ama-peduncle asuswa ekupheleni kwesizini.
- Ngemuva kwenkathi yokukhula, iziqu zezitshalo zidinga ukusikwa futhi zishiswe ukuze ebusika zingasebenzi njengendlela yokuqanda kubanda.
- Ebusika, kuthuthukiswa ukumboza iminduze yengadi ngenhlabathi eshidi, amagatsha e-sawdust noma ama-coniferous spruce. Ama-nzalo ase-Eshiya nase-LA kuphela awadingi indawo yokukhosela.
Iminduze iyatshalwa, ihlukanise ama-indodakazi ama, njalo emva kweminyaka emithathu eyodwa nohhafu wezimbali ngemuva. Ngalesi sikhathi, sebekhule isisindo futhi bethola amandla amakhulu.
Iminduze iyatshalwa, ihlukanise ama-indodakazi ama, njalo emva kweminyaka emithathu, inyanga eyodwa nesigamu ngemuva kokuqhakaza. Ngalesi sikhathi, sebekhule isisindo futhi bethola amandla amakhulu
Izinhlobo ezikhula kancane kancane zemvelaphi yaseCaucasan zitshalwa kahle kuphela ngemuva kweminyaka engu-5-6. Izinhlobo zase-Eshiya zingatshalwa kanye ehlobo. Into esemqoka ukugaya izitshalo ngama-pitchforks engadini kanye nenqwaba yomhlaba, kulondolozwe uhlelo lwezimpande.
Lapho ufaka ama-bulbs, izingane zihlukaniswa ngokucophelela kusiqu futhi zitshalwe ezitshalweni ukuze zikhule. Masinyane nje ngemuva kokutshala, zifafazwa nge-compost noma ngendunduma humus, zenze ungqimba lube yi-cm cm obukhulu.Lawa, ama-bulbs agcwele ngokugcwele azokwakha ngonyaka wesibili noma wesithathu.
Daylily - lily for amavila
Akumangalisi ukuthi abafuyi bezithelo babiza le mizila yezithandani engabekezeleli futhi engavimbeli izifo. Futhi isitatimende sokuthi le mbali enhle ngokwedlula yonke imbali, ayisebenzi kakhulu kulesi sitshalo. I-Daylily ikhula kahle kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi engadini, izizwa ikhululekile phakathi kwelanga elikhanyayo nomthunzi oyingxenye.
"Izihlobo" zabo ezisondelene kakhulu - ama-daylilies - aziphansi ebuhleni bezimbali zasengadini, kodwa ngokungafani nobuhle obusheshayo, kulula kakhulu ukuzinakekela.
Ukutshala nokunakekela izinkathi zasemini kuthatha isikhathi esincane nomzamo. Futhi lesi sitshalo siqala ukujabulisa izimbali ngonyaka wokuqala wokutshala. Lezi zisetshenziswa zemvelo zithanda inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi noma enama-asidi kancane. Zingakhula ezinhlabathini eziwohlokile, kepha zikhombisa umphumela omuhle kakhulu wokuhlobisa kwi-loam e-ecebile ecebe ngezinto ezi-organic. Ziyakwazi ukubekezelela ukuthambisa okungafanele, kepha, njengeminduze, ayikubekezeleli ukunyakaziswa kwamanzi.
Ukuhamba kahle ngamakhambi okuhlobisa kanye nokuqhakaza minyaka yonke, akufihla ngokuphelele ukuhamba kancane kwe-bulbous egeleza intwasahlobo
Ama-Daylilies angaba umhlobiso okhanyayo wanoma iyiphi ingadi yezimbali.Ngokukhethwa okulungile kwezinhlobo eziba nesikhathi ehlukene sokuqhakaza, ukuqhakaza kosuku ngeke kube nzima ukwelula isizini yonke.
