I-Brugmansia imbali: izibonelo zokunakekelwa nezindlela zokuzala

I-Brugmansia, "amacilongo ezingelosi", imbali yengilosi enkulu isihlahla esivamile sinezimbali zayo zinephunga eliqinile. Emakhulukhulu eminyaka ngaphambili, izimbali zazisetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-tincture noma izimbali ezazibangela ukudakwa. Ngenxa yomsebenzi wabalimi, esikhathini sethu, izinhlobo ezingalimazi umzimba, futhi ezingumhlobiso wanoma isiphi isigcawu sendlu, ziye zasuswa.

Indaba yokubukeka

Ezikhathini zasendulo, lesi sitshalo sasiheha ama-shamans kanye nabomlingo ukuba benze ama-tincture kanye ne-potion, ngombono wabo, yayinezimpawu zemilingo. Ekuqaleni, iBrugmansia yayiyilungu lohlobo lwe-Datura, lokhu kudla okwenziwe emzimbeni kanye namathambo kwakuthinta umzimba womuntu. Akukaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi uluphi uhlobo lwe-brugmansia olwatholwa kuqala.

I-Brugmansia - "amacilongo engelosi"

Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo isihlahla kubhekwa njengeNingizimu Melika. Ngokokuqala ngqa imbali yeBrugmansia yashiwo nguWededb Kobo eminyakeni yama-50 yekhulu le-XVII. Ukuchazwa kweBrugmansia efana nesihlahla kwashiwo nguLouis Felluld ngo-1714. Yathola igama lakhona ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18 ukuhlonipha uthisha wezomlando uSebald Brugmans.

Ngabe iBrugmansia ibukeka kanjani

IBrugmansia ithathwa njengesihlahla esincane. Ezinye izinhlobo zikhula ezihlahleni. Lesi sitshalo sokuhlobisa singesomndeni wakwaSolanaceae. Kuqala, ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwezinto ezi-psychoactive ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali, bekungokwesakhi shlobo seDatura, noma i-Datura.

Ukuphakama kwesihlahla somhlobiso kungamamitha ayi-2, ngenkathi kusendle, i-brugmansia ingaba phezulu kaningana. Lesi sitshalo sikhula ngokushesha ngokwanele, kepha inqubo yokushaywa kwenombolo ihamba kancane. Ukuze ube nesihlahla esihle noma isihlahla ekhaya noma esizeni, udinga ukusika njalo amahlumela aseceleni. Uhlelo lwempande lwembali lunamandla. Izimpande zijula ​​kakhulu emhlabathini. Amaqabunga eBrugmansia abushelelezi emaphethelweni, phakathi kukhona i-fluff ekhanyayo. Isitshalo sivele ngesikhathi sezimbali. Izimbali zinama-tubular, zifana nezinsimbi ezilengayo, zinobukhulu obuhlaba umxhwele. Ububanzi bawo buyi-15 cm, ubude buvela ku-20 kuye ku-25 cm.

Izinhlobo ezejwayelekile

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zeBrugmansia yilezi:

• I-Brugmansia suaveolens, noma i-brugmansia enamakha, ezimweni ezithile zesimo sezulu ingaqhakaza unyaka wonke. Lolu hlobo lwesitshalo lunezimpande zaseBrazil. I-Brugmansia pink endle ifinyelela ku-5 m ukuphakama. Izimbali zinombala oluhlaza omhlophe noma o-milky.
• IBrugmansia aurea, noma igolide, ibizwa kanjalo ngenxa yombala wayo.
• IBrugmansia candida, noma imhlophe qhwa, iqanjwe ngegama lezimbali ezimhlophe. Le nhlobo yayisetshenziswa abafuyi bezitshalo izinhlobo zohlobiso kakhulu zeBrugmansia. Ezimweni zasendle, ukuphakama kwalesi zinhlobo kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-3, indlela yokuhlobisa yesihlahla ikhula ingabi ngaphezu kuka-2.3 m.
• I-Brugmansia sanguinea, noma igazi, ihlukaniswa izimbali zikawolintshi ogcwele noma umbala obomvu. Lolu hlobo luvame eRussia, njengoba lunobusika obuhle bokuqina.
• I-Brugmansia versicolor - lokhu kuhlukahluka kubizwa ngokuthi okumibalabala ngoba izimbali zishintsha umbala ngokuya ngeminyaka yes shrub. Isihlahla esisha siqhakaza sinezimbali zohlobo olunamandla. I-Brugmansia endala iba, lapho imibala yezimbali ishintsha khona. Isihlahla, ubudala baso bungaphezu kweminyaka engama-7-10, sinezimbali ezinombala ogqamile we-tangerine.
• I-Yellow Brugmansia ingenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu eRussia. Izimbali zinombala ophuzi.

I-Brugmansia yegazi

Kukhona nezinhlobonhlobo ze-Brugmansiaonyogia pink. Ihlukaniswa izimbali ezipinki ezikhipha iphunga hhayi kusihlwa kuphela, njengezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, kodwa usuku lonke. Akunconywa ukuyigcina isekhaya.

Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya

Ukutshala i-Brugmansia nokunakekela okudinga ulwazi oluthile namakhono kuyisitshalo esingathandeki. Uma ungalandeli imithetho ethile, izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo azikwazi ukubekezelela isimo sezulu saseRussia. Itshalwe ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo, izingadi zokugcina izithombo, izindlu nezindlu.

I-Brugmansia ekhaya (endaweni ethwala)

Lapho kuvuleke khona ezindaweni eziphakeme zasenyakatho, izihlahlana azivamile.

Ukushisa

Zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo zithanda kakhulu ukufudumala. Ngokushisa kwe--5 ° C, imbali ihlaselwa okokuqala yizifo nezinambuzane, khona-ke ukungatheleleki komzimba kuyancipha, bese kufa ngokuphelele. Isikhombi sokushisa esifanele kunazo zonke sokukhula kwesihlahla seBrugmansia sithathwa njenge-23 ° C.

Ukunisela

Lesi sitshalo esi-hygrophilous. Ukunakekela i-Brugmansia kusho ukuthambisa njalo. Ebusika, inani lokunisela lingancishiswa libe ngu-2-3 ngesonto. Inani lokunisela ebusika lincike kumswakama womoya. Isici esiyingozi ukushiswa komhlabathi.

Indawo

Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kweBrugmansia akukubekezeleli okusalungiswa, ngenxa yalesi sizathu itholakala endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle, efudumele, lapho kukhona izisekeli zamagatsha. Isitshalo singena esimweni sokulala lapho kunokukhanya okuncane.

Inhlabathi

Inhlabathi ithanda inhlabathi enamafutha, enamafutha.

Ubusika nentwasahlobo

Isikhathi sesikhathi sasebusika, ukutshalwa nokunakekelwa kwesitshalo seBrugmansia kudluliselwa ezimweni zekamelo. Imbiza yezimbali isethwe endaweni epholile. Lapho kukhulu ukukhanya kwegumbi, mancane amathuba okuba iBrugmansia iphumule. Abanye abalimi balima isihlahla ebusika, besebenzisa ama-phytolamp noma ukukhanya okwengeziwe. Ngokuguqulwa kweBrugmansia esigabeni sokukhula, kuyadingeka ukuyinikeza ngokushisa okungenani kwe-15 ° C kanye namahora okukhanya kwelanga amahora ayi-14-15.

Uma lesi sitshalo sikhula ngaphansi kwezimo zasekamelweni, kunconywa ukusifaka njalo entwasahlobo esitsheni 2 cm sikhulu kunaleso esedlule ububanzi nobude. Kusukela ukugeleza okuthe xaxa kokuthamba kuqala entwasahlobo, ukondla izakhi zomzimba kuyadingeka ukuthi kufakwe emhlabathini kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-14. Entwasahlobo, inani lokunisela nokufafaza landa. Umswakama kufanele ube cishe ngama-60%.

Imithetho yokuthena

Ukunquma i-Brugmansia kuyadingeka njalo. Amahlumela amasha akhula phakathi kwesiqu namaqabunga kufanele asikwe. Lokhu kuzosiza ukwakha ngasikhathi sinye isihlahla noma isihlahla futhi sikuqhakaze. Njengomthetho, izihlahla zenziwa maphakathi nekwindla, ngaphambi kokuba i-Brugmansia ilethwe egumbini lasebusika.

Ukunciphisa i-Brugmansia

Izindlela zokuzala

I-Brugmansia iphindaphindeka ngezindlela ezi-3:

1. Imbewu;
2. Ukusika;
3. Ukubekwa.

Imbewu

I-Brugmansia evela embewini ekhaya iqala ukukhula ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari. IBrugmansia ingatshalwa kuze kube maphakathi noMashi. Imbewu ifakwa emgodini ongashisi emhlabathini, cishe u-0.5-1 cm. Ngemuva kokufafazwa nomhlaba, kunconyelwa ukuthambisa amanzi bese wenza uhlobo lokugcina ukushisa, ukumboza leyo ndawo ngokutshala nefilimu.

Izimbumbulu

Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 zokuxhunyelelwa esihlahleni noma esihlahleni:

1. Isiqu;
2. Umsuka

Izilimo ezivunyelwe ukusabalalisa i-Brugmansia, iminyaka yayo engaphansi konyaka. Le nqubo ingenziwa izikhathi ezi-2 ngonyaka: ekwindla nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Abalimi abaningi bakhetha ukusika isitshalo entwasahlobo, bekholelwa ukuthi uhlelo lwezimpande lukhula ngokushesha ngalesi sikhathi. Yisiphi isikhathi entwasahlobo yokutshala iBrugmansia? Lokhu kungaqalwa kusuka maphakathi no-Mashi. Le ndlela ilula ukwedlula eyedlule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isihlahla noma isihlahla esisakazwa ukusikwa siqala ngokushesha, ngokulandelana, ukuqhakaza ngokushesha.

Okokusika kokuvuna, iziqu kufanele zikhethwe obude bazo bungabi ngaphansi kwama-cm angama-25. Isiqu sinqunywa nge-pruner, kusukela engxenyeni yayo ephezulu, ngaphansi kwegatsha le-apical. Njengasezimweni eziningi zokusakazwa kwezitshalo ngokusikwa, amaqabunga aphansi asuswa ngokuphelele kuwo, amaqabunga aphezulu anqunywa phakathi.

Ukusikwa kwezimpande kweBrugmansia kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yabaqalayo, ngoba isihlahlana esikhule ngemuva kokusebenzisa le ndlela singcono ukuthatha izimpande, sikhule ngokushesha, futhi kulula ukusinakekela.

I-Rooting Brugmansia endaweni engaphansi

Ukhula lwenqubo yokusika lwenziwa emanzini noma engxenyeni ekhethekile yenhlabathi.

Ukubekwa

Le yindlela esithatha isikhathi kunazo zonke yokuzalanisa i-brugmansia. Ukuze uthole ukuhlelwa, kuyadingeka ukhethe ihlumela elikhuliswe kahle kusitshalo esidala futhi wenze ukusika kwezinso okungaxhunyiwe. Okulandelayo, isivuseleli sokukhula kwezimpande sithululelwa kuwo, futhi yonke indawo yesikhumba isongwe ngo-moss. I-Moss itholwa ngokukhethekile, isibonelo, i-sphagnum. Isiza se-incision sibaluleke kakhulu ukuqina njalo. Le nqubo yenziwa maphakathi no-Mashi, kakade maphakathi no-June, ukubekwa okuphumayo kungasikwa futhi kutshalwe endaweni yesakhi sezinso ngezinsuku eziyi-14 ukuya kwezi-14. Ngemuva kokuthi ihlumela selikhulile, lingadluliselwa endaweni ehlala njalo.

I-Bretmansia ethanda ukushisa

Izimbali ze-Brugmansia aziyona into exakile kokuqukethwe, kepha uma ungalandeli imithetho eyisisekelo yokunakekelwa, isihlahla singafa. Njengoba usibekile lesi sitshalo endaweni efudumele futhi ekhanyayo, uvundisa umhlaba njalo ngezakhi zomzimba, ulondoloze umswakama othile womoya futhi wenze izihlahla ezifika ngesikhathi, ungajabulela ukuqhakaza okumnandi nokuqhakaza kweziimbali nokunambitheka kwalembali exakile.

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