Liatris - ukutshala nokunakekelwa kwangaphandle

I-Liatris iyimbali evela ezinhlotsheni zaphakade; iyingxenye yomndeni wakwa-Asters noma we-Asteraceae. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ikhula eMexico, eNyakatho Melika naseBahamas. Kunezindawo ezingaphansi kuka-20 zesitshalo.

Incazelo ye-lyatris: izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo

Imbali yeLiatris zisetshenziswa ezingadini ngekhulu le-18. Amaqabunga awo aqoqwe ku-rosette, lapho kuphuma khona amahlumela aqukethe ama-inflorescences akhula kusuka ku-0,6 kuya ku-1. Amahlamvu esiko anombala oluhlaza omnyama awubuthuntu. Amaqabunga ngamanye acishe abanzi. Akuyona ingxenye yezinkampani ezihlala ziluhlaza, ezingavimbi ukuthi zithandwe abalimi. Izimbali ziqoqwa ngama-spikelets, ubude ukusuka ku-15 kuye ku-30 ​​cm.

Ngabe i-lyatris ibukeka kanjani

Kunezindlela ezimbalwa ezijwayelekile zokuhanjiswa kwesiko.

Liatris spikelet

Uhlobisa imibhede yezimbali ngezimbali phakathi kukaJuni-Julayi. Umbala wazo uncike ezinhlobonhlobo futhi upinki, mhlophe, nsomi, lilac, lilac, azure. I-pedicel ifana ne-tube, embozwe ngezimbali ezincane ngobude bayo bonke. Iziqu zikhula zibe ngu-80 cm, zimbozwe ngokuphelele ngamahlamvu. I-inflorescence yokwesaba ama-spikelet liatris afinyelela ku-25 cm ubude.

Ukubhaliswa okwaziwayo kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-spiky ezakhiwe ngesisekelo sezinhlobo zeSpicata lyatris (spicata) kufaka phakathi:

• UFloristan Violett (weFloristan Violett) - onamaphara apendwe emthunzini ohlukile wesibhakabhaka onsomi;
• I-Florian Weiss - iziqu zesiko zifinyelela ku-90 cm, ama-inflorescence amakhulu afana namakhandlela amhlophe qhwa;
• U-Liatris Kobold (kobold noma cobalt) - unezimbali ezinombala we-lilac-pink, ezitholakala ngeziqu ubude obungu-40 cm.

Ulwelwesi lwe-membrane

Inamaqabunga amakhulu abanzi, ama-pedicel - ama-fluffy futhi amhlophe. Ama-inflorescences ngokubukeka afana namabhola aqukethe izimbali ezincane kakhulu ze-lilac namathoni apinki. Izinhlobo zeFilmy zithandwa ukuzisebenzisa ekwakhiweni komhlaba, lapho zakha izilayidi ze-alpine noma imibhede eyodwa yezimbali.

Izinhlobo ezithandwayo zeLiatris membranous zimelwe:

• Inkazimulo kaSeptember - ikhula ibe ngu-1 m, izimbali ezinkulu zepinki epinki;
• I-Lyatris Alba (alba) - izinhlobonhlobo zinqunywa ngamapharele amakhulu wepharele nephunga elingathandeki.

U-Liatris grungy

Okungokwabude kunakho konke, emvelweni kunezinketho ezifinyelela kumamitha ayi-2. Isiko linamahlumela aqinile namahlamvu anithoni eluhlaza. Ezindongeni ezinde zezimbali ezincane ezibubende. Abamele lezi zinhlobo zifaka i-Uyat Spyr, enamahlamvu aqhwa qhwa qhwa qhwa. Okuthakazelisa kakhulu yiPicador ebubende. Isici saso esihlukile sithathwa njengamazinga aphezulu futhi aqhakazile futhi athande ukuthambisa ngokulinganisela, ukukhiqizwa kalula.

Liatris Kobold

Indawo yokungena, inhlabathi

Ukutshala nokunakekela i-lyatris kuqala ngokukhethwa kwendawo efanelekile. Ukhetha inhlabathi evundile ngokuvuma okulula nokusabela okuncane kwe-acid, ebangeni amayunithi angama-6,6,5. Isiko lithanda izindawo ezinelanga lapho imisebe iwela emahlathini amahora ayisithupha noma ngaphezulu.

Izinhlobonhlobo ezihlala isikhathi eside azikubekezeleli inhlabathi eqinile kanye nenhlabathi esindayo - ezindaweni ezinjalo kusengozini yokwanda kwe-tuber rot. Lapho kutshalwe ezitsheni zezimbali, isakhiwana esingezansi senziwe nge-peat, ubumba ne-perlite (isihlabathi).

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu ye-lithium emhlabathini ovulekile

Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ekwindla sekwephuzile noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo - ayithinteki yiqhwa. Ngaphambi komsebenzi, zimbozwa amahora angu-8 kusisombululo se-humate. Indawo ebanjwayo i-pre-ukumbiwa, ama-humus anezelwe kuyo ngesilinganiso sebhakede elilodwa nge-m2 ngayinye. Ama-grooves enziwe enhlabathini aze afike ku-1.5 cm, ngemuva kokutshala imbewu, kufanele afafazwe. Ngendlela yokusatshalaliswa kwembewu, isiko lizothola ukukhula okugcwele kungakapheli iminyaka engama-2-3 emva kokutshala.

Imbewu yeLyatris

Kufakwa uLiatris emhlabathini ovulekile

Isiko lingatshalwa ezitshalweni, izilwane ezincane ezineminyaka engama-50-60 ubudala zitshalwe emhlabathini. Izinto zembewu zilukhuniwe kuqala, ziphathwe futhi zihlwanyelwe ezitsheni ezinomhlabathi onegciwane.

Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ngoJanuwari noma ngoMashi, lapho kutshalwa, imbewu ingcwatshwa ngo-1 cm. Iziqukathi zimbozwe ngengilazi noma ngesimbozo sepulasitiki bese zithunyelwa egumbini elifudumele elinombuso wokushisa ongama-22-25 ℃ ngaphezulu kwe-zero.

Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwamaqabunga amabili okuqala, izilwane ezincane zitshalwa emabhodweni ahlukile, ngemuva kwenyanga zithunyelwa esitsheni esikhudlwana. Ukufakelwa ngaphansi kwesibhakabhaka esivulekile kwenziwa ngemuva kokuba usongo lokubuya kwama-fridge asebusuku luphelile. Lapho izinqubo zokutshala phakathi kwezihlahla zigcina ibanga lama-20 kuye kwangama-25 cm.

Ukufakelwa

Ukunisela nokukhulula inhlabathi

Isiko lizosinda kalula esomeni esincane, kepha lingelabathandi bomswakama. Ukuchichima kuyingozi ngokwakhiwa kokubola ohlelweni lwezimpande. Umthamo wamanzi lapho uthambisa inhlabathi kuncike ngosayizi wesitshalo - isihlahla esisodwa sibala ibhakede lamanzi. Uketshezi luyathelwa luze lufakwe emhlabathini.

Ukugaya nokukhulula umhlaba kwenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile, ngokufakwa kwenhlabathi encane. Ngenxa yokusondela kohlelo lwezimpande, lungadalulwa njalo, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kwezimvula ezinde.

Izindlela zokuzala

Kunezindlela eziningana zokuthola abantu abasha.

Ithambekele

Indwangu ithengwa esitolo sezimbali noma ithengwe ngokuzimela ekwindla. Ngenqubo, ama-buss aneminyaka engu-2-3 ubudala, aqala kusuka ku-2 cm ngosayizi, afanelekile. Ama-bulbs amancane enziwe kumabhuleki - amahlumela azodlula kuwo. Ukufakelwa okwenziwa entwasahlobo noma ngoSepthemba-Okthoba, ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo.

Uma kufiswa, amaqhubu angandiswa ngaphambi kokukhula. Emathangini atshalwe kude nge-15 cm kwinhlanganisela yenhlabathi, okubandakanya i-peat, isihlabathi somfula ne-humus. Amakati kudingeka ahlinzeke ngemithombo emihle yokudonsa amanzi. Amathangi athunyelwa egumbini elipholile nelimnyama kuze kuvele amahlumela okuqala. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela amancane, itshalwe ngaphansi kwesibhakabhaka esivulekile.

Ukwehlukaniswa nge-Bush

Lesi sitrobhi simbiwe ngokuphelele, sisuswe emhlabeni wokunamathela futhi sisikwe ngefosholo. Impande ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezingama-2-3, mhlawumbe iyunifomu. Izingcezu ezihlukaniselwe zitshalwa enhlabathini eyayilungiselelwe ngaphambilini, ivundiswa ngezinto eziphilayo kuze kube ngokufana okufana nesihlahla esidala. Ukuqhakaza izimbali kufanele kulindelwe ngasikhathi sinye noma ngesizini ezayo, kuya ngesikhathi sokuhlukanisa esikhethiwe.

Ukwehlukaniswa nge-Bush

Ukondla nokudlulisa

Ukutshala ama-Liatris nokunakekela endaweni evulekile kufaka ukusetshenziswa komanyolo. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa kathathu ngesizini, kusetshenziswa izixazululo ze-potassium phosphate. Lapho ushintsha umumo ovamile wamahlamvu ube mnyama, kufanele kufakwe umanyolo weNitrogen. Isiko alidingi ezinye izinto eziwusizo.

Imisebenzi yokufakelwa yenziwa ngokubambisana kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla somuntu omdala kwaba izingxenye njalo eminyakeni emi-3 noma emi-4. Uma ungayinaki le mfuneko, lapho-ke amakhasi ekugcineni ayoba mancane futhi anyamalale eminyakeni embalwa. Ukufakwa kwenziwa ngokuya nge-algorithm:

• umuntu omdala ususwa ngokucophelela emhlabathini futhi uhlelo lwezimpande luhlanzwa ngalo;
• Sebenzisa ummese obukhali ukuwuhlukanisa ube izingxenye - intamo yezimpande enezimpande kufanele itholakale kwisiza ngasinye;
• izilwane ezincane zitshalwa emigodini ebilungiselelwe ngaphambili, ifike kububanzi obuyi-10 cm, ibheka ibanga elingama-25-35 cm;
• imigodi igcwaliswa okwesithathu nge-humus nenhlabathi, i-rammed;
• afeze ukuchelela kanye mulching.

Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo

Ukuthena kukaLiatris

Ezinye izinhlobo zezilimo zingakhula zize zibe yi-1 m, ezidinga ukubopha. Izinduku eziqinile ziqhutshwa eduze kwesihlahla somdubulo futhi kudonsa intambo noma ucingo oluqinile. Amahlumela aboshelwe esakhiweni esiphumela. Uma inqubo ingenziwa, khona-ke ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu eziphansi noma ngaphansi kwesisindo saso, amahlumela angahle aphule, nesihlahla singafa.

Izihlahla kunconywa ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwama-inflorescence ngamanye. Le ndlela izothuthukisa ukubukeka kwesihlahla sonke, isize amahlamvu athole umbala ogqamile. Ngemuva kwenkathi yokukhula, abalimi abaningi bakhetha ukwenza izihlahla eziphelele zokuthena izitshalo.

Izinambuzane nezifo

Izifo empeleni azithinti isihlahla, kunezinkinga ezinkulu ezilandelayo:

• ukubola kwezimpande - okwenzeka lapho kutshalwa isivuno ezindaweni ezinomhlabathi osindayo, onomoya omncane osendaweni emthunzini;
• i-powdery hlobo - lesi sifo sithinta amahlamvu ezimweni zezulu ezihlala zinisa.

Ukutheleleka kwesikhunta kuvame ukwenzeka emasimini abuthakathaka noma amadala. Ukuhambisana nemithetho yezolimo kanye nokwahlukaniswa ngesikhathi kwabantu abadala ukuvimbela izifo ngezifo ezahlukahlukene.

Izinambuzane eziyingozi zesiko zifaka:

1. Amakati amagundane athanda ukunambitheka okumnandi kwama-tubers. Ochwepheshe bathanda ukutshala izihlahla kubhasikidi abakhethekile ababembelwe emhlabathini ngaphambili.
2. I-Bear - izinambuzane zenhlabathi zithanda ukugedla uhlelo lwezimpande zesiko.
3. I-Slimer - ukubukeka kwabo kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nemvula nesimo sezulu esibi.

I-Vole Mouse - I-Lyatris Pest

Ungazilungiselela kanjani ubusika

Ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokukhula, wonke amabhasi ayathenwa. Zisinda kalula ezinyangeni ezibandayo futhi azidingi indawo yokukhosela ekhethekile. Ingxenye esele imbozwe ngamahlamvu ama-humus noma i-humus ebekwe ungqimba kuze kufike ku-15 cm.

Isikhathi sezimbali nokunakekelwa ngemuva

Ngenkathi kwakhiwa iziqalo zesiko, imemeza imicibisholo ngama-inflorescences. Izimbali ze-lyatris ziqala ukuqhakaza kusuka ezansi kuya phezulu. Ubude obuphakathi kwe-peduncle ngayinye zingamasentimitha angama-40-50. Ngaphandle kufana nama-spikelets aqukethe amazinga amaningana amaqembu wezimbali.

Isikhathi sokuqalwa kwezimbali sithatha izinsuku ezingama-30, kohlobo lomuntu ngamunye - okufika ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5-2. Isikhathi sincike endaweni yokutshala ama-shrub, kepha imvamisa ukubonakala kwama-buds kwenzeka ngoJuni noma ngoJulayi. Ekupheleni kwesizini, amabhokisi anezinto zembewu akhiwa, embozwe ngenqwaba encane.

Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali nokubola kwamaqabunga sekuqediwe, ingxenye yomhlabathi iyanqunywa, ingaphakathi lifakwe ngamagatsha e-spruce, i-peat noma umquba. Uma kungekho ubusika obunzima, indawo yokuhlala iyadingeka.

Sebenzisa ekwakhiweni komhlaba

Okumhlophe nezinye izingqangi ze-lyatris zidumile phakathi kwabaqambi bemvelo. Izihlahla ezisetshenziswa kabanzi njengomhlobiso:

• imibhede yezimbali;
• ingadi yezimbali;
• igquma le-alpine;
• ukubhaliswa komngcele.

Isiko lingahlwanyelwa njengokuhlanganiswa okukodwa noma kuxutshwe nezinye izinhlobo ezifanayo. Izinhlobonhlobo zingahlanganiswa nezimbali zasendle ezingathengelwanga, zitshale lapho zihlanganiswa. Le ndlela inciphisa isikhathi namandla asetshenziswa ekunakekeleni ingadi yezimbali, futhi kunikeza abekhaya ukubukeka okungavamile.

Lapho wenza umbhede wezimbali, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ngokuhlanganiswa kwama-shades. Izinhlobo eziningi zeLiatris zidwetshwe ngombala omhlophe qhwa, umbala we-violet neminye imibala, ungangeza okubhalwe phansi okuphuzi noma okubomvu kubo.

I-Liatris njengesici sokuklanywa komhlaba

Ukutshala ezifundeni ezinezimo sezulu ezinzima

ILiatris ikhula eSiberia, e-Urals naseMpumalanga Ekude. Ama-Florists ancoma ukutshala ezindaweni ezibandayo izinhlobo ezikhethekile zokulwa neqhwa: I-Albu noma i-Burning Star. Ukuphela kwesici sokutshala isikhathi esifushane sezimbali nokuntuleka kokuvuthwa kokuqukethwe kwembewu.

Ukubhekelwa ikakhulukazi ebusika ukulungiselela lesi shrub: ngokuqala kukaSepthemba, kuphekelwa ngomanyolo we-potassium-phosphorus, futhi eduze nobusika, baqhuba inani elikhulu lezinsalela. Ngaphambi kwesithwathwa, isiko limbozwe ngamahlamvu owomile kanye ne-agrofibre ekhethekile.

U-Liatris kufanelekile ujabulele uthando lwabalimi abangochwepheshe kanye nochwepheshe bezemvelo.

Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali okuhlala isikhathi eside nokuningi kuvumela ukuba bahlobise iziza zabo, ukudala izixazululo ezintsha zokudala.

Ukuhambisana nemithetho yokuboshwa kuzogwema izifo eziningi, kuvikele ukubhujiswa kwezihlahla ngezimpane nangamabhere. Indlela efanele izokwenza ongenile akhange futhi ahlukile.