Ithini i-violet yethando lokushisa elibukeka lifana nokuthi lingayinakekela kanjani?

Eminyakeni eminingi, abantu emhlabeni jikelele baye bahlanganyela ekuhlungeni i-floriculture. Izimbali eziteshini zensimu, imibhede yedolobha nasemakamelweni zijabulela ubuhle bazo. Ngaphezu kwezinhloso zokuhlobisa, izitshalo zisetshenziswa njengemithi nezinongo. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kukhona izimbali ezingadingi ukunakwa okukhethekile nokunakekelwa ngokucophelela. Phakathi kwazo kukhona ama-violets. Kuyaziwa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu.

Incazelo jikelele yezinhlobonhlobo

"Umphumela wokushisa okushisa" kubhekwa njengenye yezimbali ezingenakuzithoba ezingaphakathi. Lolu hlobo lwezimbali luqhakaza izinyanga ezingu-2-3. Le violet ifana nezimbali ezinkulu ze-terry, ngakho-ke kufanelekile kulabo abathanda izimbali ezinjengebell. On peduncle kukhona 2 -3 efihlekile.

Kwavela nini futhi kanjani?

Usuku lokutholakala kwalolu hlobo luyi-2008. Yadalwa ngu-Konstantin Morev. Umgomo wakhe kwakuwukudala izimbali ngendlela ebizwa nge "lily of the valley" ngombala ongavamile. Futhi kakade ngo-2008, le violet yanikezwa embukisweni. Ungafunda ngezinye izinhlobo ezizalwe ngu-K. Morevim kusihloko esihlukile.

Izwe lakubo bonke ama-violets yisifundazwe sase-East Africa. Igama lombusi wesifundazwe ngenye igama elibizwa nge-violets - "Saintpaulias".

Ukubukeka: amaqabunga, izimbali, ezinye

• Izimbali Izimbali zibomhlophe izingxenye ezimbili eziphindwe kabili ezinezingubo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amapetali akhula ndawonye. Izimbali ziyisilinganiso esiphakathi nama-anthers amhlophe-aphuzi. Ngokuvamile akulondolozi isimo sensimbi, futhi ukhula ngokugcwele.
• Amahlamvu. Amahlamvu we-wavy kancane ombala ohlaza ophakathi.
• Isokhethi. I-Outlet enhle, ngezinye izikhathi ikhula kakhulu.
• I-Peduncles. Ama-peduncles amancane, angakwazi ukubamba isisindo sembali, ahlukane ezinhlangothini eziphambene zalo.

Izici ezihlukile zokunakekelwa

1. Ukukhanyisa

   Le Saintpaulia uthanda ukukhanya, kodwa hhayi ngokuqondile. Ibhodlela elinesitshalo lifakwa efasiteleni lesempumalanga noma langasentshonalanga. Ukushayela kufanele kwenziwe efasiteleni eliseningizimu. Ibhodlela elinama-violet alifakwa ngaphakathi egumbini, ngoba ngeke kube khona ukukhanya okwanele ngesikhathi esifanayo, okuzophuza ukuthuthukiswa kwe-saintpaulia.

2. Ukushisa

   I-saintpaulia yabantu abadala idinga izinga lokushisa eliphakathi kwama-20 kuya kwangu-23 degrees. Intsha idinga umoya oshisayo - ama-23 - 25 degrees. Izinguquko zokushisa emini kufanele zibe ama-2 kuya ku-3 degrees. Okufanelekile kakhulu uma izinga lokushisa lifanayo.

   Ebusuku, ukwandisa inani lokushisa lilimaza isitshalo, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi ukuphefumula kwezicubu kunesilinganiso esiphezulu. Ukushisa okuphansi ngama-degree angu-15 futhi okuphakeme ngokweqile kuma-degrees angu-30 kuholela ekutheni u-Saintpaulia akakhuli, futhi uholela ekuthuthukiseni amahlamvu kanye nembali.

3. Umswakama

   Igumbi elifanelekayo le-violets lingu-60 - 70%. Ehlobo kanye nokushisa ngesikhathi sokushisa imifino kufanele ifakwe emgodini onobumba obunwetshiwe noma obumanzi obumanzi. Ukufafaza lesi sitshalo akusifisi. Kanye njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-2-3 amaqabunga ahlanjululwa ahlanzwa. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kube lula ukuphefumula.

4. Ukunisela

   I-Saintpaulia "Umphumela wokushisa okushisa" uzwela kakhulu ngokuphathelene nomswakama. Akunakubekezeleli kokubili umswakama obuningi nokumiswa kokubunjwa kwenhlabathi. Ehlobo ziphuziswa izikhathi ezingu-1 - 2 ngeviki, ebusika - isikhathi esingu-1. Amanzi ahlukanisiwe namanzi asetshenziswayo, afudumele futhi athambile. Namanzi uhlelo lwempande yama-violets. Amanzi akufanele awe phezu kwamaphuzu okukhula nezimbali, ngaphandle kwalokho amashidi azobola futhi isitshalo sizofa.

5. Ukugqoka okuphezulu.

   Ukondla izitshalo zisebenzisa ama-fertilizer eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezamaminerali (akwenza ngesikhathi semifino esebenzayo). Ekwindla nasebusika, i-Saintpaulias iphumule futhi ayiqabuki. Khona-ke lesi sitshalo asilayishwa ngamanyolo. Ukuze kutholakale ukukhula okujulile, izimbali emva kokunisela ziphelelwa umanyolo we-nitrogen oqukethe isonto ngalinye emva kokunisela. Qhubeka lokhu kuze kube nokwakhiwa kwefihlekile. Izitshalo abadala zikhetha ama-potassium-phosphorus.

Ukuhlukahluka kokutshala nokukhula

Ngendlela yokutshala ama-violets kufanele alungise kusengaphambili. Kulokhu, ngeke kubangele izinkinga.

Umhlaba

Ukondla abakhulile, inhlabathi evulekile neyomsoco iyadingeka. Ithengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakwazi ukulungisa inhlabathi ekhaya, yedwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, xuba:

• i-peat (izingxenye ezintathu) (Kunconywa ukuthi kuhlanjululwe nge-vermiculite noma i-perlite ukugcina umswakama);
• amaqabunga emhlabeni (izingxenye ezinhlanu);
• isihlabathi esikhulu somfula (ingxenye eyodwa);
• amalahle ne-sphagnum (hhayi okungaphezulu kwezingu-10% ubuningi bezingxube).

Kubalulekile! Ukuze impilo yesimiso, isakhi kufanele sidlule umoya nomswakama kahle.

Amandla

Loluhlobo lwe-violets aludingi iziqukathi ezinkulu, njengoba zikhula zichotshoziwe. Ibhodlela elilingana no-6 cm lifanele izitshalo ezincane, u-10 cm kubantu abadala. Kumele kube khona umgodi phansi kwebhodlela ukukhipha uketshezi oluningi.

Ukufika

Umyalo wokutshala kwalesi sitshalo uncishisiwe ube yizinyathelo eziningana. Ukugeleza kwamatshe amancane athululelwe phansi kwe-tank. Isikhala esisele sigcwele inhlanganisela yenhlabathi. Bese kwenezela isipuni esingu-1 se-superphosphate ne-ash ash. Isitshalo esimisiwe sihlwanyelwe ebhodweni, sigcwele umhlaba futhi sinisela.

Ukufakelwa

I-"effect effecthousehouse" ivame ukufakelwa kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu, entwasahlobo. Ngenkathi isitshalo se-pullet sisakhula ngokukhula, sishintshwa njalo ngonyaka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukugcina imbiza efanayo, ushintshe ngokuphelele ingxube yomhlabathi. Lapho i-violet efihlekile ivela, ayishintshi.

Lapho ukufakelwa kabusha izicathulo zabantu abadala, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ukujula okufunayo. Kubalulekile ukuthi izimpande zesitshalo zigcwalise ngokuphelele imbiza nge-substrate. Uma ukutshala kuphakeme kakhulu, izimpande ziba yize futhi izitshalo ezikhula kahle. Ukungcwaba ngokweqile kubangela ukubola kwamaphuzu okukhula.

Izifo

Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-Saintpaulia "I-Greenhouse Effect" zijwayele izifo ze-fungal. Lokhu kungenxa yokushisa okuphansi kwemoya noma ukutholakala kwamaconsi amanzi emagqabeni. Izifo ziyabonakala ezindaweni ezimnyama, ezinsundu zamaqabunga, izibhamu kanye nezinhlamvu.

1. Amazolo kaMealy anqunywa amamaki amhlophe emaqabunga. Ukuze ulwe nalo, sebenzisa izidakamizwa Readzol.
2. Ukulimala okusabalalisa kubonakala ngezindawo ezimnyama emaqabunga nokubola kwezimpande. Isitshalo esithintekile siphelile ngokuphelele, futhi isitsha singenqunyelwe i-disinfected.
3. Nge-gray mold (izindawo ezimpunga kunoma yiziphi izingxenye zesitshalo), izingxenye ezilimaziwe zisuswe, kanti isitshalo sitshalwe futhi siphathwa nge-fungicide.
4. Ukuqeda ukugqwala (izindawo ezibomvu-orange eziqabeni) sebenzisa isisombululo esibuthakathaka sulfate sulfate.

Izinambuzane

Le nkathazo ingahlasela imbali - izibungu, ama-aphid, ama-thrips, amakhanda, ama-whiteflies, ama-nematode, abavikeli bamanga nezinye izinambuzane. I-Acaricides isiza ngokumelene nemikhaza, i-Agravertine isetshenziselwa ukumelana nemikhaza, futhi i-thrips ayibekezelelanga i-insecticide Aktar.

Qaphela! I-Violets ithinteka "ngethonya lokushisa lokushisa" ngenxa yezimo ezingavamile zokukhula. Izifo kulula ukuvimbela kunokuba uphulukise.

Isiphetho

I-Violet - enye yezitshalo ezivame kakhulu zasendlini. Uhlobo lwe-violet "I-Greenhouse Effect" lubaluleka ngokubonakala kwalo okungavamile. Lesi sitshalo sokuhlobisa asikhethi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo sidinga ukulandela imithetho ethile lapho ukhula futhi unakekela. Ngokubukeka kwayo, i-saintpaulia "I-Greenhouse Effect" ifana neminduze emikhulu yesigodi. Kufaneleka ngabacimi abanolwazi.