Ukukhetha ukuthi iyiphi inhlabathi yokufakelwa i-orchid: yini okufanele uyibuke futhi yimaphi amaphutha okufanele agwenywe?

I-orchid ekhulayo iyisiqhenya kumnikazi. Akulula ukufeza isimangaliso esinjalo ekhaya. Lokhu kudinga izimo ezithile: izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama, ukukhanyisa, ukwakheka okulungile kwenhlabathi nokufakelwa kabusha okufika ngesikhathi.

Futhi noma yikuphi iphutha ekukhuleni kungadala impilo yesitshalo. Esinye sezikhathi ezinzima kakhulu ekunakekeleni owesifazane omuhle kubhekwa njengokufakelwa nokukhethwa kwe-substrate ekhethekile. Ngakho-ke, mayelana nalezi zimpawu ezincane ngokuningiliziwe.

Ngidinga ukushintsha i-substrate?

Inqubo yokutshala indawo yezitshalo zasendlini ingcindezela. Ama-orchids awahlukile.

Ngakho-ke ngokuvamile ukufakelwa kwezitshalo akukwenziwanga, kanye ngonyaka ka 2-3 iminyaka yanele. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi:

• kunciphisa inani lemithamo enhlabathini;
• izinga le-asidi landa;
• ibhalansi yamanoni amaminerali aphazamiseka;
• ukuphelelwa umoya kwenhlabathi kwehla;
• i-substrate ubudala kanye nokubola.

Njengoba kuyaziwa Ingxenye eyinhloko ye-substrate yama-orchids - igxolo lomuthi. Yikuphi ngenxa yokuxhumana okuvamile ngamanzi okuvuvukala nokubola. Ngemva kwalokho, i-substrate iba yindima, ukusabalalisa kwe-air kuyama. Ngakho-ke, izimpande azitholi inani elifanele le-oxygen.

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngokugcwele imbali exotic idinga i-acidity yenhlabathi ezingeni lika 5.5-6.5 pH. Uma lesi sibalo sihluke kunomkhuba ojwayelekile, i-orchid ngeke isakwazi ukubamba insimbi ngokugcwele, futhi amahlamvu ayo aluhlaza azophenduka.

Ukuphuza ngamanzi ahlanzekile kakhulu kuholela emiphumeleni emibi. - usawoti wamaminerali uqoqa emhlabathini, ngakho izimpande zesitshalo azikwazi ukuqhubeka ukwenza imisebenzi ebalulekile.

Kungani kubalulekile ukukhetha inhlabathi efanele yokufakelwa kabusha?

Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi ihlathi elishisayo elingenakuqhathaniswa libhekwa njengendawo yokuhlala yemvelo yama-orchid. Njengendawo yokuhlala, bakhetha iziqu zemithi enamandla. Ukunamathela ezimpandweni zomoya ngenxa yokungalungi kwazo, i-epiphytes ithola izakhi ezidingekayo, nomswakama emoyeni nasemvula. Lokhu okucacile kokungcolile kufanele kucatshangelwe uma ukhetha inhlabathi.

Ukwakhiwa okulungile kwe-substrate kuyisiqinisekiso sekusasa lokutshala kanye nesitshalo sempilo.

Imigomo lapho ukubunjwa okufanele kuhambisane khona

Yiliphi izwe i-orchid elidingayo lokufakelwa kabusha? Uma ukhetha i-substrate, kubalulekile ukunaka izimfanelo ezilandelayo:

1. ukuhleleka kwamanzi okuhle;
2. ubungane bemvelo, ngaphandle kwezakhi ezinobuthi;
3. ukuphefumula;
4. ukukhanya;
5. i-acidity ephezulu;
6. ukuphefumula emoyeni;
7. ukubunjwa kwamaminerali okunzima.

Abamele umndeni wakwa-Orchid, okhulile ngaphansi kwezimo zendlu, bahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili: i-epiphytic neyomhlaba. Ukuhluka komunye nomunye hhayi kuphela egameni, ukubukeka, kodwa futhi emvelweni wokukhula. Ngakho-ke, I-substrate yama-orchid e-terrestrial ne-epiphytic ihluke kakhulu.

Izinhlobo zezitshalo ze-epiphytic:

• I-Dendrobium.
• Izinkomo
• Likasti.
• Phalaenopsis.
• Cumbria
• I-Zigopetalum
• Masdevallia.

Ngakho inhlabathi kuqala isekela, bese umthombo namandla. Kungaphetha ngokuthi akudingekile ukufaka umhlaba phansi ekubunjweni kwenhlanganisela yenhlabathi ye-epiphytes. Eyanele kuyoba izingxenye eziphilayo nezimbiwa.

Izinketho ze-substrate: izingxenye ezingu-1 zelahle namazingxenye ezingu-5 zegxolo.

I-Sphagnum moss, umlotha kanye nezingcezu ezincane ze-pine bark ngokulingana kwe-2: 1: 5. Njengengxenye eyengeziwe, izimpande ezomile zingasetshenziswa., izisebenzi ezigcoba zemvelo, amanzi.

Ama-orchid aseGround: i-cymbidium ne-papiopedilum. Badinga ukudla okunamandla. Ukubunjwa komhlabathi okulandelayo kuzokwenza:

1. ama-humus amaqabunga;
2. i-peat;
3. i-pine bark;
4. amalahle ochotshoziwe;
5. i-moss

Okunye okunye, ungathuthukisa ingxube eqediwe ngokungeza i-moss-sphagnum, amapulethi okugcoba amakhiladi kanye nezinxenye ze-turf.

Ngingayisebenzisa yini indawo evamile?

Ungakhethi izwe elijwayelekile njenge-substrate for izitshalo exotic. Phela, uhlelo lwempande lwenqubo ye-photosynthesis idinga ukukhanya ne-oxygen. Okusho ukuthi, i-substrate kufanele ibe nezinsimbi ezilula, eziphefumulayo. Uma kungenjalo, umhlabathi osindayo uyoba uhlobo lokucindezela izimpande.

Futhi, inhlabathi enamandla ingabangela ukuphazanyiswa kwenqubo yokudonsa amanzi, futhi amanzi aqhubekayo azophazamisa uhlelo lwempande. Ama-orchids ayoba nzima ukukhula ngokugcwele futhi athuthuke ezimweni ezinjalo.

Ungakhohlwa ukuthi indawo evamile yezinto ezingavamile - indawo evulekile, elula noma engekho ngokuphelele. A Umhlaba ovamile yindawo enhle kakhulu lapho i-orchid eyoke isinde khona.

Indlela yokwenza ukukhetha okulungile uma uthenga esitolo?

Imakethe ye-orchid substrates igcwele izinhlinzeko ezihlukahlukene.

Izitolo zithengisa kokubili okulungiselelwe-mix, kanye nezingxenye zomuntu ngamunye. Kodwa ngisho nabakhiqizi abaziwayo abajabuli njalo ngekhwalithi yezimpahla. Ngokuvamile, inhlabathi iqukethe inqwaba ye-peat, ewusizo kuma-orchid asezweni, futhi iphikisana ne-epiphytes. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuthenga, kubalulekile ukunaka:

• Inhloso ye-substrate yezinhlobo ze-orchid ezifanelekayo. Umhlabathi wezitshalo ze-epiphytic exotic uthengiswa ngaphansi kwegama elithi "Mix for Phalaenopsis", kanye ne-orchids yomhlaba "Mix for Cymbidium".
• Izakhi ezinikeziwe nenhlabathi pH.
• Inani lokudla okunomsoco wenhlabathi.
• Izincomo zokusetshenziswa.

Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ukuhlunga ingxube ephelilengaleyo ndlela ulahlwe peat ngokweqile kanye nomhlabathi uthuli. Futhi wengeze inani elidingekayo lamagxolo ase-decontaminated.

Sinikeza ukubukela ividiyo ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani i-substrate efanele yama-orchids:

Ungazipheka kanjani?

Uma ungaqiniseki ngekhwalithi yokuhlanganiswa kwe-orchid eseqedile, kuyoba ngcono ukuzilungiselela ngokwakho. Le ndlela inezici zayo ezinhle:

• lula ukulungiselela;
• izindleko eziphansi;
• ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi;
• ukukhethwa kwezakhi ngokuvumelana nezinhlobonhlobo zama-orchid.

Ukupheka kokulungiselela i-substrate yezimbali ezingavamile akuwanele. Ukugijima akuyona inzima, ngisho ne-florist ongenalwazi. Into esemqoka enkambeni yokulandela ukulinganisa kwezilinganiso.

Izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-substrate:

1. I-Pine Bark, ungasebenzisa amagxolo noma yiziphi izihlahla. Uchotshoziwe usayizi we-2-3 cm.
2. I-Sphagnum mossikhula emahlathini, ezindaweni eziphansi. Sebenzisa ngendlela ebukeka futhi esomile.
3. Izinkuni zokhuniUbukhulu obudingekayo bufana ne-bark.
4. Izimpande zikaFernFaka isicelo kuphela efomini elomile.
5. I-expanded granules yobumbaKuhle kakhulu emanzini.

Izinguquko ezihlukahlukene zezingxube zingaqukatha izingxenye ezengeziwe: isihlabathi sezingxenyana ezinkulu, izicucu ze-foam, impahla ye-coork, i-turfy noma i-hardwood, i-gravel, i-perlite, i-vermiculite, igobolondo le-walnut, i-humus, i-coconut fiber nezinye.

Sinikeza ukubuka ividiyo mayelana nokulungiswa kwe-substrate yama-orchids:

Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo Iziyalezo

Incazelo yenqubo izoqeda amaphutha angadingekile ngokuningiliziwe. futhi wengeze ukuzethemba ezenzweni. Ngakho-ke, kanjani ukwenza ukudluliselwa ngokufaka inhlabathi:

1. Okokuqala, khipha imbali ebhodweni. Ukwenza ngcono inqubo, ungakwazi ukuchoboza kancane ibhodlela lepulasitiki futhi kancane kancane udonse isitshalo. Uma imbali ingafinyeleli ngaphandle komzamo ocacile, ungayinquma imbiza emaceleni amabili.
2. Khipha izimpande kusuka enhlabathini engaphezulu. Khipha ngokucophelela izimpande ze-chips, izinhlayiya ezindala ze-substrate. Emva kokuhlanza ngaphansi kwamanzi afudumele.
3. Kubalulekile ukuhlola uhlelo lwempande. Omile, obolile, namagatsha aphuzi anqunywe ngethuluzi elibukhali. Izinti kufanele ziphathwe ngesulfure noma umlotha.

   Ungasebenzisi ama-antiseptics aqukethe utshwala. Izimpande zingashiswa.

4. Ngaphansi kwesibhakabhaka sepulasitiki esicacile, ubumba obunwetshiwe obunwetshiwe, ububanzi buka-2-3 cm, ne-pine bark phezulu. Phakathi nendawo sibeka isitshalo. Isikhala esisele kuleli tangi, gcwalisa i-substrate. Ungacindezeli izimpande ngokuqinile, kungcono ukumboza nge-pine bark.
5. Uma i-orchid efakwe kabusha ifaka izimbali zomhlanga, kufanele ihlelwe endaweni eqondile.

Sinikeza ukubona imfundo yevidiyo ku-orchid transplanting:

Akunzima ukukhetha i-primer nokufakelwa, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo okugcwele nokuvutha kobudlova kwe-orchid kuncike kulo. A ukunakekelwa okufanele nokunakekelwa okulandelayo kuzoqinisekisa ukujwayela okusheshayo kobuhle.