Ubuhle be-Emerald efasiteleni lakho: konke mayelana ne-orchid eluhlaza

Okokuqala kwavela eYurophu cishe eminyakeni engaba ngu-400 eyedlule, i-orchid yahlaba ngokushesha abalimi bembali ngobuningi bayo obuhle. Abalimi abavuthiwe kanye nabalimi abanolwazi abazange bacabange ngokushesha ukuthi bangayinakekela kanjani isitshalo esingavamile. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ama-orchids asuqede hhayi kuphela ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, kodwa futhi nasezindlini zamasitela. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemifino elishisayo. Namuhla uzofunda nge-orchid engavamile eluhlaza, ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani, ungayifaka kanjani, nokuthi ungabhekana kanjani nezifo zayo.

Iyini le mbali?

Ama-orchid aluhlaza kukhona izitshalo ezinomsoco ezihlala njalo.Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zikhula kuzo zonke izingxenye zezulu, kodwa kaningi emazweni anezimo ezishisayo nezesimo sezulu. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, kuye kwafunyanwa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zama-orchid aluhlaza futhi kuchazwe emazweni aseMelika NaseNingizimu Nase-Asia, nase-Asia.

Ukubukeka

Ama-orchid aluhlaza abukeka engavamile, abaningi basaba ukukhulela ekhaya. Kodwa izimbali zikhula kahle efasiteleni. I-orchid eluhlaza imelela izinhlobo ezahlukene zezitshalo, ngasinye esinezici zayo zangaphandle.

Green - Phalaenopsis ne-cymbidium orchids. Umbala, usayizi, inani lefihlekile, ubude be-stem buxhomeke ezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezinamabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka?

Okuhlaza kunomthunzi ongajwayelekile wezimbali, cishe awutholakali emvelweni. Ama-orchids ezinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo zingaba luhlaza:

• U-Amalfi noBellina, umbala ophuzi ophuzi ophuzi onophephu olubomvu.
• Ukukhanya okukhanyayoViolacea alba.
• I-Sunrise Goldmour enezicucu eziluhlaza.
• I-Paphiopedilum lawrenceanum noma i-Venerin Slippers enezinwele ezimhlophe neziluhlaza.
• I-Soft Green Cattleya Bowling4.
• I-Lute-Forb enezimpunga ezimhlophe ezimpunga.
• I-Cymbodium Sessa Green Ubuhle obuvela kulolu hlu ngumbala obala kunawo wonke, ocebile kakhulu.

Isithombe

Ama-orchid aluhlaza abukeka engavamile. Hlola ubuhle babo obumangalisayo esithombeni ngezansi.

Umlando wokuzala

Ama-orchid wokuqala afika eYurophu alahlekile - ngaleso sikhathi abalimi babengakwazi ukuzinakekela. Kodwa kusukela ngekhulu le-19 leminyaka, isidingo sezimbali siye sanda kakhulu kangangokuthi kwakunganele ukungenisa. Isitshalo se-orchid esivela embewu ngaleso sikhathi sasingazi ukuthi sikhula kanjani - izimbali zazingekho impova, futhi izinambuzane zazingavumelekile kubo.

Khona-ke indlela yezinhlamvu yakhiwa ngendlela yokuvota - ukuze ukwazi ukuphatha izimfanelo zakho ezizuze njengefa. Kuze kube manje, imizamo yamakhulu wabakhiqizi emhlabeni jikelele yenzelwe izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-15,000 ze-hybrid, ezihlukile ngokubukeka nombala - obuluhlaza, obomvu, obuluhlaza nabanye.

Izici zokukhula ebhodweni

Ukunakekela

I-orchid kufanele ithole ukunakekelwa okufanele.equkethe izimo eziyisisekelo ezinjalo:

• Ukunisela izitshalo kumele kuqaphele - kungcono ukugcwalisa kunokuba uthele. Amanzi kufanele afudumele, ahlungwe, kodwa angabilisiwe. Ukuphuza kungcono emva kokumiswa komhlabathi.
• I-orchid kufanele ithole ukukhanya okwanele, kodwa ayikwazi ukuvezwa yelanga eliqondile - kufanele livuleke emini. Ukuze i-cymbidium, khetha ifasiteleni lesempumalanga, entshonalanga, noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga.

  Kubalulekile! Uma ukukhanya kukhulu kakhulu, izimbali namaqabunga alahlekelwa umbala wabo obuluhlaza, abe ophuzi.
• Ama-orchid ayizimbali ze-thermophilic. I-Tsimbadium, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, ibekezelela izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu - kufika ku 35-38, kodwa ebusuku izinga lokushisa kufanele linciphise ngo-8-15. Ekwindla nasebusika, izinga lokushisa egumbini elinembali akufanele likhuphuke ngaphezu kwe-18.
• Ukungcola ekamelweni kubalulekile. I-orchid eluhlaza ayidingi umswakama ophezulu - okwanele u-25-30%, ngezinye izikhathi inganyuka ibe ngu-35-40%. Ukungcola okuncane akuvunyelwe - umoya omile wenza ukuba isitshalo sife.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Ukudla okunempilo kwama-orchid aluhlaza kwenzeka kuphela ngezikhathi zokukhula kwamahlumela amasha. hhayi kaningi ngaphezu kwamaviki amathathu. Ngenxa yalokhu, kusetshenziselwa izixazululo ezikhethekile zezitshalo zomquba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isisombululo esikhethekile singasakaza amahlamvu embali.

Ngesikhathi sokuphumula nokudliwa kwezimbali akuvunyelwe. Ungadluleli isikhalazo, kungenjalo i-substrate ingaba saline. Futhi ungasebenzisi umanyolo ezinye izimbali ze-orchid. Esitolo ungathenga umanyolo womanyolo: Kornevin, mix mix Royal kanye "World of izimbali" Rostagro.

Ukufakelwa

Ama-orchid aluhlaza, njengabanye, kumele atshalwe ngokufanele. Yenza lokhu okungaphezu kwesisodwa njalo eminyakeni emibili, ngaphandle uma kuneziqondiso eziqondile zezifo - izimpande zezimpande, izimpumputhe ku-substrate. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu lapho amahlumela amasha efinyelela ku-5 cm ubude. Inqubo evamile yokufakelwa kabusha iwukuba ukhulule i-orchid kusuka engxenyeni endala, uhlole futhi uqoqe izimpande, utshale enhlabathini entsha. Emva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo, udinga ukubeka i-orchid eluhlaza endaweni evulekile.

Ukuzala

Ekhaya, i-orchid eluhlaza iyasakaza izithelo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, i-shrub enkulu ihlukaniswe izingxenye, okumele kube yilowo nalowo okungenani ama-pseudobulbs amathathu. Ukuzalisa, ama-pseudobulbs amadala ngaphandle kwamaqabunga nawo afanelekile, ahlukene futhi ahlume ngokwehlukana. Lokhu kufanele kwenzeke ekushiseni kwe-20-28 ngokufiphala njalo kuze kuvele amagciwane. Emva kwalokho, lesi sitshalo sitshaliselwa embizeni ehlukile.

Ithiphu! Kubalimi abangenalwazi, kungcono ukuthi ungakhulumi izimbali, ngoba ungenza umonakalo ongenakuqhathaniswa ne-orchid.

Izinambuzane nezifo

Ukulimala nokufa kwe-orchid kungabangelwa izifo ezingenakuxhumana ezibangelwa yizici:

• ukushiswa kwamaqabunga ngenxa yelanga eliqondile;
• ukuhamba nge-greenhouse emanzini aphezulu;
• ukushisa noma ukuncibilika ngokweqile kwamahora angaphezu kuka-10;
• ukungabi nokukhanya, ukunciphisa umzimba okunciphisa imbali;
• ukungezelela noma ukungabi namaminerali kuholela ekuthambekeni kwama-orchid ezifweni nokuyeka izimbali.

Zonke lezi zinkinga zingabangela izifo ezithathelwanayo. - isikhunta, amabhaktheriya namagciwane. Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu ze-orchid ziyi:

1. ama-scythes;
2. mealy cherventsy;
3. i-aphid;
4. i-thrips;
5. izinhlamvu ezibomvu;
6. i-whiteflies;
7. izinambuzane zesicabucabu.

Kunezinambuzane ezikhethekile ezibhekene nazo zonke zazo, okufanele zisetshenziswe ngokulandela imiyalelo eboniswe kubo.

Isiphetho

I-Orchid iyisitshalo esingajwayelekile. ngokwayo, futhi eluhlaza phakathi kwabo kufana neparele phakathi kwamatshe. I-orchid engavamile, engavamile, engavamile, engavamile. Qaphela kahle isitshalo sakho futhi ukwazi ukujabulela ubuhle bayo phakathi neminyaka.