Isimangaliso sangempela i-orchid yegolide: incazelo, isithombe nokunakekelwa

I-Orchid iyimbali enhle kakhulu emangalisayo ukuthi abathandi abaningi bezitshalo zangaphakathi manje abanalo. Noma kunjalo, kunezinhlobo ze-orchid ezingatholakali kumlimi ojwayelekile. Enye yezimbali ezibizayo futhi ezingavamile yi-orchid yegolide. Izindleko zokuphunyuka zingaba ngu-$ 5,000.

Lelimbali likhula kuphela eNtabeni Kinabalu (esiqhingini saseBorneo eMalaysia), yingakho igama layo lesibili liyi "Gold Kinabalu".

Incazelo ye-botanical

I-orchid yegolide, i-scientifique Paphiopedilum rothschildianum, i-blooms kuphela eneminyaka engu-15.

Kulula ukuhlukanisa i-orchid yegolide ngamagqabi angemuva nemivimbo ngezimbali.. I-sepal engenhla ingu-beige, ephuzi noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanti ephansi isayizi encane futhi ihambelana nombala. Ngaphansi kukhona izinwele obomvu. Lesi sitshalo singakhipha i-peduncle eyi-1 kuphela isikhathi sokuqhakaza kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya kuMeyi.

Izinhlobo ezidumile nezithombe zabo

Ngenxa yokuthi ama-orchid alula ukuwela, kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-orchids. Ababelethi bavame ukuqoqa ama-pair. Ezimweni eziningi, imbali ivutha futhi iphunga.

I-lykasta enempepho

I-orchid yegolide ebizwa ngokuthi i-lykasta ephunga elimnandi ngombala omonti okhanyayo. Lezi zinhlobo ze-orchid zinephunga elincane futhi eliphikisayo, izimbali zingaba ngaphezu kuka-17 cm ububanzi, futhi zifinyelele ukuphakama kwama-25 cm. Lesi sitshalo sithandwa ngabachwepheshe bezimbali.

I-Goldstar (i-Goldenstar)

Olunye uhlobo oluhlukahlukene olunezimbali ezinemibala ehlukene yegolide, amathoni ne-yellow.

I-Potinara (uBurana Ubuhle)

Ihlukana nezimbali zobunjano obubomvu, i-spike yokuphakama okuphakathi.

Umlando wokuzala

Indlela yama-orchid iqala ngemvelaphi yemvelo.. Lezi zinhle zazikhula emagatsheni emithi yamahlathi ashisayo.

Cishe eminyakeni engaba ngu-450 eyedlule, ama-orchid aqale aziswa eYurophu. UJoseph Banks ubhekwa njengephayona. Kodwa njengoba abantu bengenalo ulwazi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwale mbali emangalisayo, zonke izimo zezitshalo zafa ngokushesha.

I-Orchid fever ayiyekanga iRussia. Amazwe ethu akhulanga nje kuphela imbali, kodwa futhi ayidlula. Khona-ke ama-Odontoglossum Troyanovskianum amahle ayenziwa. Abasebenzi be-Main Botanical Garden ye-Academy of Sciences yase-USSR, u-V. A. Seleznev no-V. A. Poddubnaya-Arnoldi, bazinikezele ekucwaningweni nasekufundeni ama-orchid ezishisayo. Babengokuqala ezweni ukubhekana nezinkinga zokubambisana.

Ngenxa yalokho ngo-1957 "i-Orchids" neyesiko labo "yavela. Ucwaningo lwaqala kuphela kuma-80s. Ngiyabonga lv Averyanov izinhlobo ezimbili ezintsha Bulbofillum and Liparis.

Kuze kube manje, abalimi baye bakwazi ukuthola izinhlobo eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-15 ze-hybride ezivela ezinhlobonhlobo ezingu-25 zama-orchid zemvelo. Khona-ke akekho owayecabanga ukuthi i-orchid yayiyoba uhlobo oluthandwayo lwesitshalo sasekhaya. Izinhlobonhlobo ze-orchid zihlaba umxhwele endaweni yayo. Kuze kube namuhla, thola zonke izinhlobo ezintsha.

Indlela yokunakekela izimbali?

Zonke ama-orchid azizenzi kahle futhi i-orchid yegolide ayinjalo.. Isitshalo sidinga ukunakekelwa okuphezulu.

Akufanele ubeke ibhodlela ilanga eliqondile, udinga ukukhanya okungafani. Ama-orchids ayesaba ama-drafts nomoya oshisayo kusuka ebhethri.

1. Izimo zokushisa kuncike esikhathini sonyaka nosuku:
   • ehlobo kusukela ngo -23 kuya ku-28;
   • ebusika kusuka ku-+18 kuya ku-23;
   • ebusuku ebusuku ama-3-5 degrees ngaphansi kwelanga.

2. Umswakama. Imbali ye-orchid iyisimiso somswakama. Kodwa ungabi ngaphezu kwalo! Kungcono ukubeka ibhodlela ngethreyi, khona-ke isitshalo siyothola inani elidingekayo lamanzi. Njengombumbi akufanele ukhethe ubumba noma i-ceramic. I-Wicker yebhokisi noma amabhokisi anezintambo ezinkulu kufanelekile. Ngempela, emvelweni, i-orchid ikhula emagatsheni emithi.
3. Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Kudingeka ukondle imbali okungenani kanye ngenyanga, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza - izikhathi ezimbili. I-orchid ayithandi okwephuza kasawoti emhlabathini, ngakho-ke kungcono ukulinganisa uhhafu wenxenye ephakanyisiwe yomanyolo. Ungondli i-orchid ebusika.
4. Ground kufanele agcine umswakama kahle. Sincoma ukusebenzisa amalahle, i-pine bark ne-sphagnum. Ngaphambi kokuba ubeke ama-orchid amagxolo ngempela uyililise. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuqeda zonke izimbungulu. Izitshalo zezimbali zidinga ukuchelela okuthuthukisiwe. Kunconywa ukuthi uchithe i-orchid ngaphansi kwehafula elifudumele. Ukushisa kwamanzi kufanele kube yi-+35 degrees.
5. Ukufakelwa. Ukutshala kabusha isitshalo kufanele kube entwasahlobo. Kodwa hhayi lapho ivimba. Ukucophelela ngezimpande!

   I-orchid ayithandi le nqubo, ngakho-ke akufanele ukwenze lokhu okungaphezu kwesisodwa njalo eminyakeni 2-3. Emva kokufakelwa kabusha imbali akudingeki ukuba amanzi asele izinsuku ezintathu. Uma unquma ukwandisa inani lama-orchid, bese uhlukanisa isihlahla ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha. Kulokhu, lesi sitshalo akudingeki siphuze amanzi amasonto amabili. Ukushisa kwe-air akufanele kube okungaphezulu kwezingu-+22

Izifo kanye nama-parasites

Ukuze ugweme izifo ze-fungal kanye ne-viral kudingekile ukugcina inhlanzi lapho kuguqulwa izitshalo. Kubalulekile ukugeza amaqabunga e-orchid ngamanzi afudumele bese ugoqa nge-cloth gauze. Ukuze i-orchid ingabambeli ebandayo, akufanele ibe yirekhodi.

Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu ziyi:

1. Shchitovka. Esikhathini sitshalo kukhona ukuqhuma, ngaphansi kwazo lezi zimbungulu zihlala.
2. Aphid. Lezi zinambuzane ezincane eziluhlaza noma ezimnyama.
3. I-Mealybugs. Imithi efana nekotini ikhiwa nxazonke zezibungukazi. Kubonakala ngezimbali naphakathi kwamashidi.
4. Isibungu se-spider. I-spiderweb ivela esihlahleni, ikakhulu uma ifafazwa.
5. Thrips. Ifilimu yesiliva noma ukushintsha kombala weqabunga kubonisa ukubukeka kwalesi sifo.
6. Izikhonkwane. Izimbungulu ezimhlophe ezimhlophe noma ezimhlophe zibonakala ngemva kokuphuza lesi sitshalo.

Ama-orchid ajwayelekile ukugula, kodwa uma kwenzeka lokhu, udinga ukubona ochwepheshe. Uma ungakwazi ukukhipha isitshalo seqabunga lamagciwane futhi uqonde ngokunembile ukuxilongwa, ungaphuthelwa isikhumba se-powdery kanye nomswakama omnyama.

Ama-orchid kunzima kakhulu ukunakekela, noma ngabe abe yindawo evamile kakhulu ekhaya. Izifo nezinambuzane ngokuvamile zivela ngenxa yokunakekelwa okungalungile.. Ngakho-ke, qaphela izimbali zakho. Lesi sitshalo esihle siyokujabulela ngaso sonke isikhathi ngezimbali ezikhanyayo nezimnandi ekuphenduleni ukunakekelwa kwakho.