Bonke abanikazi bezindlu zangasese nezingadi ngokuyinhloko banesifiso sezilimo zamazambane. Njengoba iningi labantu baseRussia linokwabiwa okuncane, lokhu kubekwa phambili.
Ezimweni zezolimo ezingaqinisekile nezimo zezulu ezingekho esimweni esihle, akusikiselwanga ukuthi isikhathi nomzamo wokulima umhlaba, ukuhlwanyela, kuze kube, ukuhlakulela, nokulawula ukhula nezinambuzane kuphenduke isivuno esingabalulekile - ngaphansi kwalokho obekutshaliwe, okungakulungele ukudla nokugcinwa, ngoba nezilimo eziyizigaxa azikakhuli ngosayizi ofanele.
Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha amazambane kuwumsebenzi obalulekile, odinga ukutadisha okunzulu kwezimpawu zokutshala, zokukhiqiza, zokudla okunempilo. Kwesinye isikhathi kuzothatha iminyaka eminingana ukukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele kakhulu endaweni ethile.
Kwenzeka ukuthi amazambane amahle, ahlwabusayo, akhiqizayo engadini ehlukile angazikhombisi izimfanelo zawo ezimisiwe.
Mhlawumbe kuye inhlabathi iminyene kakhulu noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, inomsoco kakhulu. Noma ukuhlukahluka akubekezeleli ukuqina komswakama, futhi indawo incane, ibushelelezi. Kubalulekile ukulandela imithetho yokujikeleziswa kwezitshalo futhi ubheke ubumsulwa bezinto zembewu. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi abafuyi bezithelo minyaka yonke baletha izinhlobo zamazambane ezintsha ezikhiqizayo.
Cishe izinhlobo ezingama-300 zamazambane athela phezulu zikhula njalo ezifundeni ezihlukene.
Ukubekwa kwamazambane
Izinhlobo zamazambane ziyahlukahluka ekuvuthweni: ukuvuthwa kokuqala, okuphakathi nendawo sekwephuzile.
Izinhlobo zokuqala zamazambane, eziqala maphakathi nehlobo, zithela izithelo ezigcwele esigabeni esiphakathi. Ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu ihlanganiswa ukuze yakheke amahlumela anamaqabunga aluhlaza futhi atshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile lapho ifudumala kahle
Amahlumela azovela ezinsukwini eziyi-14 ngemuva kokutshala, kanti nezilimo eziyizigaxa zokuqala zokuzalela okuqondile zingavunwa ngezinsuku ezingama-40 kuya kwezi-5. Amazambane anjalo ayakwazi ukufinyelela ukuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe ngaphambi kokuwa kobusuku, inkungu namazolo. Ngakho-ke, kuthathwa kalula ezithweni zokulimaza sekwephuzile kanye nezikhunta.
Isici kuphela ukuthi ayilungele amanga amade, idinga ukudliwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokumbiwa.
Ungabona ukulungela kwezilimo eziyizigaxa ngokuvela kwesihlahla. Uma amaqabunga ephenduka aphuzi futhi aqala ukugoba, iziqu zazingenalutho, zilala phansi zomile bese ukukhula kwesitshalo kumile, amazambane avuthiwe. Ukuqhubeka kwakhe emhlabathini ngeke kwandise impilo yeshalofu.
Lapho esele emhlabathini isikhathi eside, amazambane wesitshalo esisha angaqala ukuhluma. Ngakho-ke, ukuqoqwa kwaso, njengokufika, kumele kwenziwe ngesikhathi.
Uma nezilimo eziyizigaxa sezikhulile zaba ngosayizi ongu-3-6 cm ubukhulu, amazambane alungele ukupheka.
Ukunambitheka kwamazambane kuhlulelwa ngokuthi kuboniswa kanjani ngokuthosa, ukupheka, ukuhambisa. Elungile kakhulu ukuthi alihlukani ngokuphelele, kepha lipheka ngokushesha kuze kuthambe, kukhethwa isakhiwo esinqunyiwe kancane. Aziphumeleli lezo ezinokuguquguquka okungamanzi, “okunesokisi”.
Kuphekwe kahle futhi kunesitashi, kulungele amazambane abunjiwe, nge-pulp eyindilinga - amasobho nokuthosa. Isibonelo, i-Universal yiPicasso. Izithelo zakhona zibushelelezi, zinombala omncane. Kulula ukugeza nokuhlanza. Ngokuphelele ngisho nokwakheka kuzokwenza isidlo samazambane ajwayelekile abilisiwe abe muhle.
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo zamazambane esifundeni saseMoscow naphakathi neRussia
Umucu ophakathi nendawo waseRussia ubonakala ngesimo sezulu sakwamanye amazwe futhi ugcwele ukujuluka kwezulu, inhlabathi zibonakala ngomswakama ophezulu. Ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu sonyaka akunakwa. Akunazinga lokushisa eliphakeme, ukoma nesithwathwa esinzima eside.
Ukushisa okujwayelekile kwansuku zonke ngenkathi efudumele kusuka ku + 17 ... +23 ° C. Imvula ejwayelekile ingama-500-750 mm ngonyaka. Azikho izimvula eziqhubeka isikhathi eside, izimvula ezivama njalo.
Isikhathi sensimu sihlala ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba. Isikhathi samahora okukhanya kwemini sisuka emahoreni ayi-14,5 kuye ku-17,5. Inqwaba yamapulazi - podzolic kanye peatlands. Isimo sezulu siyathandeka ukutshalwa kwamazambane. Amadolobhana abonakala ngesimo sezulu esishisayo esinemvula, ihlobo elingashisi kanye namaqhwa okuqala.
Izinhlobo ezifanele ezinamapharamitha anjalo ziyahlulwa, zibe nesikhathi esifushane sokuvuthwa, zivikeleke kumakhaza nezifo, zingazwisisi emazingeni okushisa nsuku zonke nasikhathi sonyaka, ezibekezelela umswakama ophezulu nesomiso.
Okudumile kuyabhekwa: Nevsky, Lugovsky, Zhukovsky, Romano, Aurora, Latona, Bela Rosa, Sineglazka, Luck nabanye.
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi isondela ngokulinganayo kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi, ukuthi igcinwe kahle, ayinikezi amahlumela futhi iphumelele ukupheka, ukuthosa, njll. Njengomthetho, isivuno sokuqala sizoba sincane, isilinganiso - kamuva, esiphezulu kakhulu - ezinhlotsheni zokuvuthwa okuphakathi.
Izinhlobo zamazambane ezinhle kunazo zonke eziphakathi kweRussia zifinyelela isivuno esimaphakathi esingu-200-300 ngisho kuze kube ngu-600 kg ngamamitha skwele ayikhulu. Ukwehluka kwabo kusesikhathini sokuhlwanyela nokuvuthwa, ubukhulu noma ukumelana kwezifo ezahlukahlukene, ukunambitheka, impilo yeshalofu, ukugcinwa, usayizi nombala wezilimo eziyizigaxa.
Izinhlobonhlobo Zamazambane Okuqala
| Ibanga | Izinsuku zokuvula (izinsuku) | I-Tuber | Izici | Isivuno (kg ngamamitha skwele ayikhulu) | |
| Adretta | 60-80 | I-60-80 g - isisindo ngasinye. Isikhumba esimnyama ophuzi, inyama yombala ofanayo. | Ukumelana neqhwa, kunika isivuno esihle ngisho nasehlobo elibandayo nelinethayo. | 450 | |
| Idaho | kusuka ku-50 | I-Beige, eyindilinga, ifulethi ngokuphelele. | Inama-carbohydrate amaningi nesitashi, enikezwe ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu. | 500 | |
| Bela Rosa | kusuka ku-40 | Okukhulu, okusaqanda, okupinki, okunesisindo kufika ku-500g. Igumbi lokudlela, okumnandi. | Prefers umhlabathi ovundisiwe. Ezifundeni ezishisayo ezinehlobo elide, kuvunwa izilimo ezi-2. | 350 | |
| IVyatka | 50-60 | Ukubuka kwesigaba esimhlophe, kuze kufike ku-140 g. | Ukumelana nokulimaza sekwephuzile nezinye izifo. Ukuvuna, phansi. | 400 | |
| Gala | 75 | Round, ezincane, isikhumba nenyama ziphuzi ngokugqamile. | Izinhlobo zaseJalimane, ziqukethe isitashi esincane kanye ne-carotene eningi. Kusetshenziswa ekudleni kokudla, ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu. | ||
| I-Zhukovsky | 55-60 | Okukhulu, okumhlophe ngaphakathi, akumnyama emva kokusikwa. | Ilungele ukuthuthwa, igcinwe kahle, ayizweli emonakalweni nasezifo. | 450 | |
| I-Latona | 45-75 | Okukhulu, kuphuzi okukhanyayo ngaphakathi. | Akukona ukuthinteka ezifweni, ukumelana nezimo zezulu, kugcinwa kahle futhi kuhanjiswa. | 350 | |
| Ubomvu obomvu | 60 | Ipinki-nsomi, ukwakheka kuyindawo okukuyo okusaqanda. Kufika kuzithelo ezi-15 esihlahleni, inyama enokhilimu | Isomiso siyabekezelela, simnandi. | 350 | |
Izinhlobo Ezahlukahlukene Zesizini Ephakathi Mid Mid
| Ibanga | Izinsuku zokuvula (izinsuku) | I-Tuber | Izici | Isivuno (kg ngamamitha skwele ayikhulu) |
| Indoda ye-Gingerbread | 90-100 | Round, ngaphandle kwamagobongo namehlo amakhulu, isikhumba siqinile. Ngaphakathi lilanga. | Ukumelana nezimo ezomile, kepha ihlushwa yi-nematode. Kungokwamamaki etafula. | kufika ku-250 |
| Nevsky | 75-90 | I-oval, ene-pulp ekhilimu, inambitha. Izilimo eziyizigaxa eziyi-15 zikhula esihlahleni. | Ama-Elite, akhula yonke indawo, kunoma yiziphi izimo, angavikelwa amagciwane, abekezelela isomiso. | 350 |
| Yabelana | 75-100 | I-beige ekhanyayo, ngesinye isikhathi nsundu, enkulu, isisindo - 400 g. | Hhayi ukuthambekela ezifweni, izici ezinhle zokupheka, ukuqhekeka lapho upheka. | 390 |
| Sante | 70-90 | Isikhumba segolide kanye nomongo. Ukunambitheka okumnandi, okugcinwe isikhathi eside. | Kwenziwe kusuka eHolland, cishe akuguli. Awukho umanyolo odingekayo. | 300-600 |
| Pace | 90-100 | Okukhulu, okucashile, okunesitashi. Ithebula, elisetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwesitashi. | Universal, hardy, umswakama-othanda. Ilele kahle kwisitoreji kuze kube sentwasahlobo, ukubekezelela ukulinyazwa sekwephuzile. | 350-460 |
| Tuleevsky | 80 | Isikhumba nomgogodla ziphuzi, hhayi amanzi, zinesisindo esingu-200-300 g. | I-Hybrid yokukhethwa kweCanada neRussia. Ukhule kulo lonke elaseRussia | 180-300 |
| Inhlanhla | 90 | Usayizi oPhakathi, ikhasi elincanyana, elimhlophe, elicekeceke esigabeni. | Ama-Elite, akhiqiza kakhulu, adinga ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo. | kufika ku-950 |
| Fambo | 80 | Umbala wesihlabathi, okusaqanda, okusaqanda okushelelayo. Ngaphakathi yi-beige, enambitheka kahle. | Ilungele yonke inhlabathi nezimo zesimo sezulu, eziqinile ekulweni nezifo. | kufika ku-450 |
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Potato Best zakamuva ze-Middle Strip
| Ibanga | Izinsuku zokuvula (izinsuku) | I-Tuber | Izici | Isivuno (kg ngamamitha skwele ayikhulu) |
| Dauphine | 110-120 | Okukhulu. enesisindo esingu-300 g. izingcezu ezingama-20 esihlahleni. Ungalahlekelwa yizimpawu zokuhweba kuze kube izinyanga eziyi-9. | I-Picky, engathathi hlangothi maqondana nezifo, yashintshelwa ezindaweni ezinamanzi. | 250 |
| UZhuravinka | 100-115 | Okujikelezayo, okubomvu, okuphakathi nendawo, okumnandi. | Imelana nesomiso, ayikhathaleli. | 520 |
| I-Zarnitsa | 130 | Okusaqanda, okubomvana, okuphuzi kwinyama. | Isikhathi eside silondolozwe, simnandi. | 520 |
| Kiwi | 125 | I-peel iminyene, ilukhuni, njenge-kiwi. Ngaphakathi imhlophe. Kuyinto elula ukubilisa “ngomfaniswano” - ngeke kuqubeke, ngeke kuqhekeke, kuhlanzwe kahle. | Ikhula enhlabathini ehlukile, ilungele izimo zezulu eziguquguqukayo. Ngaphezu kwezifo ezijwayelekile, ayithinteki ibhungane lamazambane leColorado ne-wireworm. | 400 |
| Ukunqoba | 115-120 | Round legolide, nenyama emhlophe. Kunciphise okuqukethwe kwesitashi. | I-Elite, imelana nokushisa kanye nesomiso esincane. | kufika ku-320 |
| I-Picasso | 110-130 | Ipinki-emhlophe-ephuzi, 100-150 g. | Ukulondolozwa okuhle, ukunambitheka okuhle. | 200 |
Izinhlobo ezihle kakhulu zamazambane ezifundeni ezihlukile
Insimu yaseRussia inkulu endaweni yayo. Ngokwemvelo, isimo sezulu nenhlabathi ezindaweni ezihlukile kuhlukile. Ngakho-ke, endaweni ngayinye, kukhethwa amazambane wezimpawu ezihlukile.
Okwe-Urals
Izinhlobo ezihle kakhulu zamazambane e-Urals kufanele zingathathelwa kalula izinguquko eziqinile emazingeni okushisa nsuku zonke, kwezulu elingalingani, isithwathwa esingalindelekile, kanye nezifo ezikhona.
Izinhlobo ezinjalo zibhekwa njengeLugovskaya, iBashkir, iBullfinch, Umphumela.
NgeSiberia
ESiberia, izimo zamazwekazi, amaqhwa angashona ngisho nasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, ihlobo lihlala isikhashana, ligcwele izimvula.
Izinhlobo ezihle kakhulu zamazambane eSiberia yiTuleevsky yaphakathi ekuqaleni konyaka, iNevsky, iLuck, i-Adretta nezinye.
OkweMiddle Volga
Esifundeni saseVolga, isimo sezulu asizinzile, isikhathi esifudumele ngaphandle kwesithwathwa sithatha izinsuku ezingama-150 kuphela. Imimoya enamandla kanye nenani elincane lomswakama iyimpawu.
Izinhlobo ezingcono kakhulu zamazambane esifundeni seVolga ziyabekezelela isomiso, kufanele zivuthwe ngesikhathi esifushane. Isibonelo, iZhukovsky ekuqaleni, uVolzhanin, uLuck, uRocco, njll.
Abahlali abanolwazi basehlobo bakhulisa okungenani izinhlobo ezintathu ngasikhathi sinye enkabeni yeRussia. Kwasekuqaleni - kokudla amazambane amancane. Lezi zokugcina zisele kwisitoreji.
Ukukhetha kuvame ukwenziwa ngokwamandla. Njengoba izinhlobo ezisezindaweni zezulu ezahlukahlukene zingakhiqiza izilimo ezihlukile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ekuzalweni kweDashi, izinto ezibonakalayo zembewu zidinga ukuvuselelwa njalo ngeminyaka emithathu, ngoba ilahlekelwa yizinto zayo ezibalulekile.
Ubhatata wabazalanisi baseRussia abavela emazweni e-USSR yangaphambili badinga ukubuyekeza kancane kaningi.
