U-anyanisi - isitshalo esingapheli. Uhlobo oluthandwa kakhulu yi-anyanisi. Ukutshala kuye kwaholela eqinisweni ukuthi manje ngokuyisisekelo isitshalo se-biennial. Ama-anyanisi asetshenziswa kakhulu ekudleni, futhi ukuze isivuno sibe unyaka wonke, kufanele sitshalwe ebusika. Njengoba izitshalo kufanele zihambe ngezinsuku eziningi ezibandayo, lokhu kutshalwa kunezici zayo.
Uhlobo olunjani lwe-anyanisi lungatshalalwa ebusika
Ukufika kwebusika kuphela izinhlobo ezinqabile zamaqhwa zifanelekile. Bakwazi ukubekezelela kalula ubusika futhi ngokushesha baya ekukhuleni lapho kufika ukusa.
Izinhlobo ezidumile zasebusika zihlanganisa:
- "Ellan" (amnandi, amahlumela amelana namaqhwa amancane kuya ku--2 ° C).
- "Strigunovsky" (uma ikhulile kusuka izithombo, ingakha ama-amabili esidlekeni; ukunambitheka kuyisiphuzo).
- "Ruby" (izinhlobonhlobo ezibomvu, zivuthwe izinsuku ezingu-110-115, zikhulile ezindaweni eziseningizimu, zinezimpande ezisekelwe kahle).
- "Stuttgart Riesen" (izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zaseJalimane ze-shades eziphuzile, zenziwe, zivuthwe kusukela ezinyangeni ezingu-3.5, kusukela enzalweni - ezinsukwini ezingu-65-70).
- "Chalcedony" (ezihlukahlukene kakhulu, zivuthwe izinsuku ezingu-110).
- "Buran" (ezihlukahlukene ezihlukahlukene ezizaliswa abakhiqizi base-Ukraine, zivuthwe izinsuku ezingu-68-83, ukulwa nezifo ze-fungal ne-bacterial, ukunambitheka okubabayo, kuhle kakhulu).
- U-Danilovsky-301 (izinhlobo ezibomvu, zivuthwe izinsuku ezingu-100-110, ziyakuthanda kakhulu-zibukhali).
- Myachkovsky-300 (ekuqaleni, ukuvuthwa kwezinsuku ezingu-65-75, ukuphakama okukhulu).
- "U-Mouzon" (uvuthwe izinsuku ezingu-90-110, ukunambitheka kuyinhlobonhlobo-ebukhali, ehlukahlukene, ezihlukahlukene ezimhlophe, ezigcinwe izinyanga ezimbili).
- "Lugansk" (unyaka owodwa ubudala, uvuthwe izinsuku ezingu-130, i-bulb isisindo esingu-71-146 g, sinombala wegolide).
- "I-Tamara F1" (ephakathi kwasekuqaleni, ukuvuthwa kwezinsuku ezingu-105-108, ukuphakama okuphezulu, okufanelekile ukukhula esimweni esinamandla sezindiza, igolide elibomvu).
- "Isikhulu Esimnyama" (sivuthisa izinsuku ezingu-100-105, ezihlukahlukene ezibukhali, ezihlukahlukene, ezibomvu).
- "I-Panther F1" (ivuselela izinsuku ezingu-130-135, igcinwe isikhathi eside, inika isivuno esihle, isakhiwo esizungezile nombala we-bronze-brown, ezihlukahlukene zaseJapane).
- "Radar" (ivuthisa izinsuku ezingu-250-260, ibekezelela iqhwa ngaphandle kweqhwa kuya ku- -15 ° C, futhi ngeqhwa kuya ku -23 ° C, i-brown golden).
- "IsiSiberia" (ivuthwa izinsuku ezingu-90-100, ikhula kahle emphethweni, igcinwa cishe ngonyaka, ingavamile ukuqhuma imicibisholo).
Kubalulekile! Izinhlobo ezivamile zegolide anyanisi zibukhali, futhi zibomvu - zithandekayo.
Lapho ukutshala anyanisi ekwindla
Ukuze uthole isiko ukuze usinde emakhazeni, kufanele itshalwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zezulu. Esifundeni ngasinye, lezi zimo zihambelana nesikhathi esithile sonyaka. Kuchazwe ngemininingwane eminingi ngezansi.
Izinsuku zekhalenda
Ukutshala ubusika anyanisi kuhlukaniswe ngezikhathi ezintathu:
- Ekuqaleni. Kukhiqizwe ngo-Agasti-Septemba. Kukhiqizwe ngemuva kokuvuna. Kule nkathi yesikhathi, izinhlobo ezincane kakhulu ezinamagqabungqangi zingatshalwa, ngoba isitshalo sinesikhathi sokugqoka ezinye izimpaphe futhi kufanele zisinde ebusika.
- Isilinganiso: ekupheleni kukaSepthemba - Okthoba. Okuvame kakhulu. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izinhlobo eziningi zasebusika zihlwanyelwa.
- Ukuhamba kwesikhathi: okokuqala kukaNovemba, ngaphambi kokuba inhlabathi ikhululeke. Imbewu encane itshalwe. Imbewu ingatshalalwa emhlabathini oqhwaziwe.
Izimo zezulu
Ukushisa kwomoya okumukelekayo kokufika: emini yansukuzonke 0-5 ° С, ebusuku - kufika ku -3 ° С Ukushisa komhlabathi 3-4 ° C. 
Izici zesifunda
Ama-anyanisi akhule yonke indawo, ukuze ngaphambi kokutshala udinga ukucabangela isimo sezulu sendawo bese uthatha izinyathelo ezifanele.
Ukraine
Izwe linesimo sezulu esilinganiselwe sezwekazi. Ibonakala ngokushisa okuchazwe ngenhla ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba - ekuqaleni kukaNovemba, ngokulungiswa kancane ezindaweni.
Akukwaziswa ukutshala u-anyanisi ekuqaleni, njengoba kuzoba nesikhathi sokutshala izimpande futhi kuzokhula ngokufudumele esimweni sezulu esifudumele. Khona-ke amathuba okuba ubusika obuphumelelayo besimasiko aphansi kakhulu.
Lapho kufika amaqhwa okuhlala unomphela, imibhede igcwele ama-sawdust namagatsha. Lapho iqhwa liwa, kuhle ukuwafihla kahle izitshalo. Izinhlobo ezifanele kakhulu:
- "Ellan";
- "Strigunovsky";
- "Buran";
- "Stuttgart Riesen";
- UDanilovsky-301;
- "Chalcedony".
Uyazi? Igama lohlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-anyanisi anyanisi - luvele ngenxa yokufana kwalo kwangaphandle ne-turnip.
Belarus naseMoscow esifundeni
Lezi zifunda nazo zihlala esimweni sezulu esinesimo sezulu. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi sokukhuphuka kwe-anyanisi sihambisana nesikhathi sokuphuma e-Ukraine. Into kuphela ehlukanisa lezi zifunda yizona eziqhwa kakhulu ezinxenyeni ezisenyakatho-mpumalanga yeBelarus nasezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Lokhu kudinga ukugcina ngokucophelela okuningi. Futhi ngobukhulu obukhulu beqhwa iqhwa alibi.
Ural
Sekukhona isimo sezulu sezwekazi esibukhali ngobusika obubandayo. Ukuhamba kuhamba ngo-September-Okthoba. Khetha ukutshala kuncoma izinhlobo zendawo, kuhlanganiswe ngqo ngesimo sezulu esinzima. Imibhede yokufudumala ebusika kumele ibe yinhle. 
ESiberia
Lesi sifundazwe siphinde sibe ngaphansi kwesimo sezulu sezindiza, kodwa ngisho nangamazinga okushisa aphansi nesikhathi esifudumele. Lapha yatshala anyanisi ebusika ayinzuzo kakhulu. Kunzima kakhulu ukuqagela isimo sezulu. Kodwa-ke, uma isifiso sokutshala u-anyanisi sisesekhona, kuyadingeka ukuba ulandele ngokuqinile umthetho: ukushisa kwesikhashana kuhlala ku-5 ° C izinsuku ezimbalwa - ungayitshala. Kudingeka futhi ukutshala umsila ekujuleni okukhulu, ukuze isiko singafaki futhi singavuki ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Uyazi? Igama lesiLatini lendawo yezitshalo i-Allium (anyanisi) lanikezwa nguCarl Linnaeus futhi livela egameni elifanayo lesiLatin, elibizwa ngokuthi i-garlic. Kungenzeka ukuthi ihlobene ne-Celtic "konke", okusho "ukushisa".
Ukukhethwa kweSayithi yokutshala
Ukuze anyanisi ebusika, kubalulekile ukuhlela umbhede ngendlela efanele ukuze isitshalo singasinda ebusika.
Ukubeka imibhede
Khetha isiqephu sezwe endaweni enelanga nelomile. Akufanele ihlaziye umswakama. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kuyadingeka ukwakha ukuphakama. Beka imibhede engxenyeni eseningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga yalesi sakhiwo, mhlawumbe emthambekeni, ukuze ivikele izithombo emoyeni.
Inhlabathi engcono kakhulu idonswa humus-sandy noma humus-loamy. Ama-anyanisi azokhula kahle emifuleni ye-silt. 
Hlanganisa ukuzungeza
Abadluli abahle:
- okusanhlamvu, ngaphandle kwama-oats;
- ummbila;
- amabhontshisi;
- isinaphi;
- i-rapeseed;
- phacelia;
- i-peas;
- ubhontshisi;
- Vika;
- utamatisi;
- isaladi;
- ukhukhamba;
- iklabishi.
Kuyinto engathandeki ukutshala ngemuva:
- ubhontshisi
- amazambane,
- i-parsley
- isilimo esinamagatsha anamanzi
- i-alfalfa;
- clover obomvu.
Kungenzeka ukutshala isitshalo sesibili emva kokuthi: i-rapeseed, ibhali lebusika, ubhontshisi, i-peas, isithombo, izaqathe kanye nebheyi lezinyosi, kodwa kuphela uma lezi zitshalo zivunwa ngaphambi kweminyaka eyishumi kaJulayi.
Kubalulekile! Emva anyanisi nogalikhi, u-anyanisi ungatshala endaweni efanayo kuphela eminyakeni emine kamuva.
Ukulungiselela inhlabathi ngaphambi
Bamba inhlabathi nge humus kusengaphambili. Umanyolo wanezelwa ngesilinganiso se-5-6 kg ngemitha yesikwele ngasinye. Amaminerali amaminerali ayengezwa kuwo (10-15 g wesawoti e-potassium kanye no-20-25 g we-superphosphate ngayinye yemitha). Uma kungabikho umanyolo wamaminerali, i-ecofosc izoba efaneleka ngokulinganisa okufanayo. Ngaphambi kokunciphisa imbewu kanye nezithombo zibe emhlabathini, kubalulekile ukusabalalisa umlotha phezu kombhede ngokubala kwe-10 g ngayinye imitha yesikwele.
Funda futhi mayelana no-anyanisi okhulayo ngendlela yamaShayina nakufestile.
Ukulungiselela kokutshala izinto
Izithombo kufanele zilungiswe izinsuku ezingu-10 ngaphambi kokuphuma.
Isigaba sokuqala - u-anyanisi ukuhlunga. Kukhona u-anyanisi amancane (amancane anyanisi, angaphansi kwamentimitha ububanzi), isigaba sokuqala (kufika ku-1.5 cm ububanzi), isigaba sesibili (kufika ku-3 cm ububanzi), isigaba sesithathu (ngaphezulu kuka-3 cm ububanzi). I-Ovusuzhka ayifaneleki seva yebusika. Kuyinto encane kakhulu kanti ngesikhathi seqhwa limile nje emhlabathini. Kungcono ukushiya ukuze uhlwanyele entwasahlobo noma uyilahle. Futhi esitshalweni sentwasahlobo isigaba sesithathu. Okokuqala nesesibili kuhle ukuhlwanyela ubusika. Babizwa ngokuthi sevke.
Isigaba sesibili - ukukhipha amagciwane. Yisebenzise ngesonto ngaphambi kosuku lokufika. I-Sevok igxile kwisisombululo esilula se-potassium permanganate amahora ayisithupha. 
Ungafaka isisombululo saline (isipuni esingu-1. Usawoti ngamanzi 1 litre amanzi). Kulo, ama-anyanisi agcinwe amahora amathathu, emva kwalokho afakwa esisombululo se-potassium permanganate ngesikhathi esifanayo. Khona-ke isithombo sibekiwe ukuze some e-attic. Ngokuphindaphindiwe kuguqulwa.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezici zokucubungula anyanisi ezinkingeni zethusi kanye ne-potassium permanganate.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, udinga ukubuka ama-bulb bese ukhetha okufakiwe.
Inqubo yokufika
- Sakha ubhedu obuningi kunoma yibuphi ubude nangamamitha ububanzi. Ngalokhu ububanzi, kulula kakhulu ukunakekela izitshalo.
- Ukukhulula inhlabathi nge-rake, ukhiphe izitshalo ezinkulu zomhlaba. Susa ukhula.
- Esikhathini esilungisiwe, izimpungushe ziyahamba nge-18-20 cm phakathi kwawo kanye nokujula okungaba ngu-2.5 cm. Singenza izimbobo kuphethini lokuhlola. Uma ukuhlwanyela kwembewu kuthiwa, bahlwanyelwa kakhulu.
- Emgodini uvumelane nesithombo ngegag ka-5-7 cm phakathi kwama-bulbs. Fafaza ungqimba lomhlabathi 1.5-2 cm obukhulu. Uma iqhwa lizungeze ekhoneni, sibeka umbhede wombhede.
- Amanzi ayishumi emva kokuhlwanyela.
Indlela yokuvikela kusuka amaqhwa ebusika
Lapho kufika ama-frosts ahlala njalo sibheke imibhede eyomile amahlamvu noma amaqabunga e-spruce. Amagatsha amaningi okuthiwa ngesi-spruce kufanele asetshenziswe lapho iqhwa liwa. Lokhu kuzomsiza ukuthi umgcine embhedeni futhi avikele isitshalo kusuka ku-frost.
Kungcono ukungasebenzisi utshani kanye ne-peat, bakhaza phansi futhi entwasahlobo kunzima ukuwahlanza. Futhi, ungasikhuthazi ukumboza isithombo ngempahla yamafutha kanye nezinto ezikhethekile. Lapho kufika entwasahlobo, ukufakela ngokweqile kwamafomu omswakama ngaphansi kwezindwangu zamafutha, futhi impahla yokumboza izomisa futhi ngeke kuvame ukuphefumula oksijini. 
Umsebenzi wasentwasahlobo
Lapho nje iqhwa liyancibilika futhi umhlaba uphazamisa kancane, siqala ukususa umlenze. Umbhede okhishwe "ukuchithwa" ugcwele umlotha (10 g ngomitha wesikwele) kanye nomhlabathi ovulekile. Amanzi njengoba inhlabathi yoma (amitha ayi-10 ngomitha ngamunye). Ngemuva kokunisela nemvula ngokukhululekile ukukhulula umhlaba, susa ukhula.
Bheka futhi: uhlu lwokhula oluvame kakhulu, izindlela zokulawulwa kokhula, izikhambi zabantu zokhula.
Lapho amaqabunga amane ehluma, funda futhi ubeke izithombo, uma kunesidingo. Senza umquba wamaminerali, njengoba kuchaziwe esigabeni sokulungiselela inhlabathi.
Kubalulekile! Ukuvikela u-anyanisi ezimpukeni, tshala i-calendula eseduze nombhede wensimu.
Ngokuvamile, ukutshala u-anyanisi ebusika kuwumsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu. Kodwa lesi siko, esijwayele kithi, asidingi ukunakekelwa okunzima kakhulu futhi singakwazi ukukhuthazela ukuqina okubandayo. Ngakho uma zonke izincomo zilandelwa, isivuno sizoba kuhle.
