Amaqabunga ama-orchid nezimpande ziba mnyama: kungani kwenzeka nokuthi zingakuvimbela kanjani?

Umlimi ngamunye ufuna ukuba ne-orchid ekhulayo ngamanqamu amahle, ahlakaniphile, ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kodwa ukukhula imbali akulula.

Lolu uhlobo olungenakuqhathaniswa kakhulu lwezitshalo, oludinga ukunakekelwa okunye, ngaphandle kwalokho i-orchid izoqala ukubola.

Ngokuvamile isitshalo sibhekene nezifo ezihlukahlukene nezilokazane. Futhi imbali iqala ukuphendula abamnyama.

Kuyini futhi kubonakala kanjani?

Ukumnyama kwamaqabunga e-orchid kwenzeka ngezindlela ezahlukene. Konke kuzoxhomeka kunoma yisiphi isizathu esiholela esimweni esinjalo. Leli qabunga lishaya ngokuphelele noma liyingxenye. Izici ezengeziwe zifaka:

• Izinguquko ze-Necrotic phezu kwekhasi lonke lamaqabunga noma ingxenye yalo.
• Amachashazi anesayizi nobubanzi obuhlukile (kusuka ensundu kuya kwempunga).
• Amachashazi asheshe afiphele futhi aqukethe amanzi.
• Amaqabunga angase aphenduke abamnyama ngaphansi kwawo, okuholela ekuwa kwawo okulandelayo.
• Ubuso beshidi buhlanganiswe nobumnyama obunzima, ngenkathi lulahlekelwa ukuqina kwawo futhi lube lukhulu.
• Ubuso beshidi bungaba bombala obomvu, futhi amachashazi amnyama kamuva avela kuso.
• Ukusakazwa okumnyama kanye namathiphu amaqabunga.
• Okokuqala, amachashazi amnyama wobukhulu obuhlukahlukene avela, ekugcineni ahlangane endaweni eyodwa.

Ngokuvamile, zonke lezi zibonakaliso zihambisana nokukhula okunamandla kwama-orchid nokuntuleka kwezimbali. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uhlole njalo isitshalo sakho ozithandayo futhi uma kwenzeka ukubonakaliswa okusolisayo kuqale ukuvuselela imbali.

Kubalulekile! Uma amaqabunga e-orchid emanzi futhi abonisa izimpawu zokubola, lokhu kusho ukuthi inqubo yesifo ishintshe izimpande zesitshalo. Ngakho-ke, kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuba uqale ukwelashwa ngesistimu yokugcina yehhashi yembali.

Iyini isibonakaliso?

Njengomthetho amaqabunga aphendulela abamnyama e-orchid eyenziwe ngokwabo ngenxa yamaphutha okunakekela. Kodwa uma umvunyi enza konke ngokuvumelana nemithetho, izifo ezihlukahlukene zingaba imbangela.

I-Septoria

Ama-microorganisms ka-Septoriaselenophomoides aholela esibhedlela. Okokuqala, amabala amnyama amnyama avela emaqabunga, abese esomile bese eshiya ngemuva kokumnyama. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, baqala ukuphuzi bese behlangana endaweni enkulu eyodwa. Emva kwazo zonke lezi zinqubo, amaqabunga aqala ukuwa. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-orchid zivame ukuthinteka lesi sifo: I-Cymbidiums, i-Oncidiums, i-Cattleyas.

Spotting (omnyama noma amabhaktheriya)

Lesi sifo sivela ngenxa yegciwane, ngoba amachashazi amnyama noma amnyama avela emaqabunga (ngezinye izikhathi imigqa). Lesi sifo sibhekwa sithathelwana futhi sisakazeka ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke amaqabunga awonakele asuswa ngokushesha, ukuze igciwane lingangeni ohlelweni lwempande.

UMose

Futhi yisifo segciwane, okuyinto iningi labo elibhekene ne-Cymbidia. Ekuqaleni amabala amnyama avela emaqabunga, endaweni lapho kutholakala khona umgodi. UMoseki uvela ngemuva kokulimala okwenziwe emshinini. Izithwala ziyizinambuzane.

I-Fusarium

Ama-causative agents kukhona isikhunta se-Fusarium yohlobo. Okokuqala, amabala ebhuloho amnyama atholakala eshidi, amaqabunga aqala ukuqubuka futhi aqhume. Lesi sifo singenzeka ngenxa yobuningi obuningi, i-hypothermia, noma i-salinization yomhlabathi.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka?

Ngaphezu kwezifo, izimbangela zokunyamaza kwama-orchid ziningi, kusukela ekutheni okungalungile nasekupheleni kwezifo. Amaqabunga aphenduka amnyama ngokugcwele noma kancane ngenxa yamaphutha ekunakekeleni noma amaphutha alandelayo ekudalweni kwezimo ze-orchid:

• Uma igumbi lome kakhulu noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, umoya omanzi.
• Ukuchelela okuvamile noma okungavamile okungahambisani nenkathi ethize.
• Uma kukhona ukushisa okuphezulu kwemoya, ngokuvamile kuvamile +30 nangaphezulu.
• Amazinga okushisa aphansi nawo ayathinta kakhulu imbali. Kungalimaza izinga lokushisa kusuka ku-+18 nangaphansi.
• Uma imbali ibonakaliswe uphawu. Ngokuvamile, kungenzeka ukubona umonakalo onjalo emaqabunga ngokushesha.

Uma ufaka imbiza yama-orchid esiseduze ne-heater, umphumela ungaba ukushisa okushisayo. Amabala anjalo emaqabunga anombala noma amnyama nge-multi-colored edging. Kubonakala sengathi ukushisa okushisa njengokushisa kwelanga. Lawa ngokuvamile amabala amnyama ane-yellowline.

Imiphumela yezimbali

Uma ungayeki inqubo yokumisa i-orchid ekuqaleni, isitshalo singase sife. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lesi simo sibangela ukubola kwembali. Amachashazi amnyama asakazeka phezu kwezimbali ngokwawo kanye nesitshalo. Kuthiwani uma i-trunk, izimpande namaqabunga embali ziba mnyama? Uma lokhu kwenzeka ezinyangeni zamuva zalesi sifo, zonke izenzo zokuvuselela aziyize.

Okufanele ukwenze: imiyalelo ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Uma amachashazi amnyama avela

Bangase bakhombise ukutheleleka kwamagciwane, ama-fungal, noma ama-bacteria esitshalweni. Isifo esivame kakhulu kunendawo emnyama. Ukuze ulondoloze i-orchid, kufanele uthathe izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kwembali egulayo.
2. Ukususwa kwezindawo ezilimele.
3. Ukukhipha ukukhipha izigaba ngesisombululo sokulwa nesifo se-antiseptic.
4. Ukucubungula izitshalo ngesisombululo se-fungicide noma ama-analogs.

Amaqabunga amnyama noma amathiphu abo

Isizathu salesi simo samaqabunga ngokuvamile sihlala ekunakekelweni okungalungile. Isibonelo, ukuba khona kwemidwebo ekamelweni, emoyeni owomile, ukuncibilika ngokweqile noma ukondla ngokweqile ngamakhomikhali kuyithinta kabi imbali. Izinyathelo zokuvuselela:

1. Ukubuyiselwa kokushisa okujwayelekile nomswakama ekamelweni.
2. Amaqabunga awonakele kufanele anqunywe.
3. Ukusungulwa kwe-orchid ekamelweni lapho kungekho khona i-drafts, kodwa kukhona umoya omuhle.
4. Ukunciphisa umquba wamaminerali.

Izimpande ezimnyama

Ngokuvamile izimpande zomhlaba zithuthukile. Cabangela ukuthi kwenzekani ezimpandeni, ngoba ukwelashwa kwabo kuzoxhomeka ekubambeni kokumnyama. Isibonelo, uma kukhona impande ishisa, khona-ke imbali ayisekho ekutholeni. Uma isizathu siwukuqoqwa kwamanoni emhlabathini, khona-ke i-orchid kuleli cala ingasizwa:

1. Imbali igeza kuqala emanzini asebenzayo amahora angu-5-10.
2. Izindawo zokulimala endaweni yempande zisuswe.
3. Ukusikeka kwendawo kusetshenziswe ukhiphekile okhiqiziwe.
4. Uma kunesidingo, indawo ephelele yomhlabathi.

Uma ukwelashwa kwe-orchid kuqediwe, kuhlukaniswe okungenani amasonto amabili.

Ukuvimbela ukubuya kwesifo

Ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukuba singabuyeli futhi, izinyathelo zokuvimbela kumele zigcinwe. Zihlanganisa ukunakekelwa kahle kwesitshalo:

1. I-substrate ebhodweni akufanele ihlile. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukulawula ukushisa kwomoya ekamelweni, ungabeki ibhodlela efrijini elibandayo futhi uqinisekise ukuthi umswakama awuqhumeki ngokushesha.
2. Imvamisa yokuphuza kufanele ixhomeke ezingeni lokukhanyisa imbali: ukukhanya okukhanyayo, okuvame ukudinga ukondla i-orchid. Iningi lezimbali zalezi zinhlobo yi-epiphytes. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izimpande zabo zangaphakathi zingathola umswakama emoyeni. Kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi ayikho inqwaba yamanzi ebhodweni, kwakungekho amashidi, kepha kwakukhona ukuqhuma okuvamile.
3. I-substrate yekhwalithi engalungile ingaholela ekufeni kwesitshalo, ngakho-ke kudingeka ulandele lokhu ngokucophelela okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuba khona kwe-peat ne-foam emhlabathini akufanele kube ngaphezulu kuka-20%. Uma kungenjalo, lapho ezama ukubhubhisa izinambuzane ezibuhlungu, amabhaktheriya azuzayo nawo angafa nawo, ngoba i-peat ne-polystyrene eningi kakhulu isenza ngokulimaza.

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuzivikela okungcono kwesitshalo, kungabi nakancane izifo ezihlukahlukene. Futhi kuncike ngokuphelele ekunakekeleni okufanele. Uma izimo ezifanele zenziwa ukuze zikhule ama-orchid, ngeke zizesabe lesi sifo.