Kulabo abaqala ukutshala ama-orchid, ukusesha inhlabathi efanele kungashintsha ukufuna kwangempela.
Ingxube kufanele isondle lesi sitshalo, yinikeze ukuzinza futhi ithole inani elikhulu lomswakama. Futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, kuhle ukuvumela ukungena emoyeni, ukuphuthuma ngokushesha umswakama obuningi, ukugcina imbali - ukuthi ungangeni ekudumeni ngokufunda uhlu olunjalo lwezidingo. Empeleni, konke kulula kakhulu kunalokho kubonakala ekuqaleni.
Ukubaluleka kokukhetha okulungile
Inhlabathi ikhethiwe ngokucabangela indawo yokukhula kokuqala kwama-orchid. I-Falenposis, isibonelo, ihlala ezihlahleni, ngakho-ke i-substrate yayo ikhethiwe ekhethekile: umoya ophezulu nomoya ophephile.
Kodwa i-Cymbidium ekhula emhlabathini idinga ukuthi kufakwe izithako zokudla okunomsoco ekudleni kwakho. Umnikazi we-orchid angenza i-substrate enhle yedwa, ebheka ezimbalwa zokupheka. Lokhu mhlawumbe kuyindlela engcono kakhulu: okokuqala, kunethuba lokuzama ukuxuba izingxube ezithengiwe, futhi okwesibili, ukuxosha intukuthelo nobuvila.
Izinzuzo kanye nokuqeda kwe-substrate eseqediwe
I-pluses ihlanganisa:
- Musa ukuchitha isikhathi ekukhiqizeni.
- Kukhona ukuzethemba kwekhwalithi ye-substrate elungiselelwe, ngoba zonke izithako zathengwa ngokuzimela.
- Ukuthenga inhlabathi ilula ngokwanele futhi igcwele ama-fertilizer. Ngaphezu kwalokho, unomthamo wamanzi aphezulu.
I-Cons:
- Akukho ukuzethemba ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo. Akubona bonke abakhiqizi abakhombise inani le-phosphorus, i-potassium ne-nitrogen, okungaba nomphumela omubi esitshalweni esikhathini esizayo (uma, isibonelo, kune-nitrogen eningi, i-orchid izokwandisa ubukhulu obuhlaza, kodwa hhayi ukuqhakaza).
- Ezinye izingxube ziqukethe i-peat, echaphazela izinga le-asidi. Izinkomba zingahle zivezwe noma zinganakwa.
Kubalulekile! Qinisekisa ukwenza ukuthengwa kwecala - ungafuni ukuthenga izikhwama eziningana zenhlabathi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ikakhulukazi uma ukwenza okokuqala. Isidingo esandulele ngosuku lokufaka amaphakethe womkhiqizo, ukuze ungathengi izimpahla eziphelelwe yisikhathi.
Ekhaya, okuqukethwe kwephakheji kufanele kufundwe ngokufanele: kumele kube khona isikhunta kanye nezikhulu ezinkulu zezitshalo, izibungu, izinhlamvu. Akufanele iphunga njengesikhunta noma amandla. Uma emva kokumiswa, amakristalu usawoti noma ukugqoka okucwebezelayo kubonakala phezulu, lo mkhiqizo ngokusobala uwuhlobo olubi.
Ukwakheka komhlaba
Izingxenye zenhlabathi efiselekayo ze-orchid zikhona:
- amalahle;
- amaqabunga (izihlahla ze-coniferous noma ezinqamulelayo);
- ubumba obwandisiwe;
- i-coconut fiber;
- i-peat;
- izimpande ze-fern;
- i-sphagnum;
- i-polystyrene;
- i-vermiculite;
- ama-pine cones;
- humus.
Ukuqhathaniswa komkhiqizo ophelile ngokupheka ngokwakho
Umbuzo: uhlobo luni lomhlabathi oluthengiwe noma olwenziwe ngcono? - ihlala ivulekile. Ngezinye izikhathi kulula ukuba nje uye emkhatsini wesigumbi esiseduze futhi uthenge ukwakheka okwenziwe ngomumo. Kuyoba khona, njengoba besho, imali nesikhathi. Kodwa futhi kwenzeka ukuthi kulula ukwenza i-substrate ngokwakho - lokhu kwenzeka uma ukubunjwa okudingekayo akutholakali emashalofini esitolo esiseduze noma azikho izitolo ezinjalo eziseduze.
Incazelo eningiliziwe yabakhiqizi abadumile
I-Kekkila (Finland)
Izindleko ezilinganiselwayo yizinhlamvu ezingu-570-600 ze-1.4 kg. I-Primer ngokukhethekile eyenzelwe zonke izinhlobo ze-orchids. Isakhiwo saso esibi kakhulu sisondelene nenhlabathi ehlathini. Ukwakhiwa kubandakanya ubumba obunwetshiwe, izinkuni zezinkuni namalahle, okuhlinzeka nge-aeration enhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-acids e-humic yengeziwe, okuthuthukisa ukukhula kwezimpande. Izithasiselo zokufakelwa inhlabathi ayiqukethe.
I-Geolia (i-Russia)
Izindleko ezilinganiselwa - ama-ruble angu-55 angu-2.5 amalitha.
Okunye ukwakheka kwenhlabathi kunoma yiziphi izinhlobo ze-orchid. Yena landisa isikhathi sokuqhakaza futhi lukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwesistimu yezimpande ezinamandla.
Ezingxenyeni zephakheji kukhona: amalahle (15%), ama-sphagnum moss (30%) ne-pine bark (55%). Amalahle ahlanganiswe ngokungeziwe.
I-Living World (i-Belarus)
Izindleko ezilinganiselwayo yizinhlamvu ezingu-181 ze-315 g. Inhlabathi yonke efanelekile ekukhuleni i-cambria, i-dendrobium, i-phalaenopsis, i-wand, i-miltonia.
Ihlanganisiwe:
- isihlabathi esihle;
- izinhlayiya zobumba;
- isikhumba esiphakeme;
- i-perlite;
- isikhombi;
- i-vermiculite;
- Umanyolo obunzima obunama-microelements ahlala isikhathi eside.
Ambulance
Umkhiqizi waseRussia. Izindleko ezilinganiselwa - ama-ruble angu-54 ngamalitha angu-2.5.
I-substrate igcwele izitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium. Izithako: umhlaba omningi, umsila, amagxolo.
Ibanga lokushisa lokugcina lokuvunyelwa: kusuka ku -35 kuya ku-40 degrees. I-Acidity (pH): 5.5 + 6.5.
Umphumela we-Bio
Izindleko ezilinganiselwa - ama-ruble angu-230 ngamalitha amabili.
Emgqeni wezidakamizwa zaseRussia kukhona izingxenyana ezingu-4:
- Ngaphansi kwesigaba sokuqala sika 8-13 mm (izitshalo ezidinga ukuphefumula okungu-41-49%).
- I-substrate yengxenyana ejwayelekile yamandla ayi-13-19 mm (izitshalo ezidinga amandla angu-49-55% emoyeni).
- I-substrate yengxenyana evamile ye-Super 19-28 mm (izitshalo ezidinga ukuphakama kwe-52-58% emoyeni).
- Faka ingxenyana engxenyeni yamafutha Maxi 28-47 mm (izitshalo ezidinga umoya we-55-60% ukuphelela).
I-substrate ayidingi inzalo ngaphambiliKulula ukuthatha umswakama futhi une PH ezinzile. I-Angarsk pine wood, okuyinto engxenyeni, inezinto zokulwa namagciwane kanye nokumelana nokubola. I-Chemistry njengengxenye ye-cha. Ukwakhiwa kwemvelo kunomthelela ekukhaleni okukhanyayo nokuluhlaza. Ukuphila komsebenzi - iminyaka engu-2-3.
I-Saramis (eJalimane)
Izindleko ezilinganiselwayo - ama-ruble angu-900 we-2.5 kg. Okuyinkimbinkimbi eyenziwe ngokukhethekile, ekahle kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-orchids.
Ihlanganisiwe:
- Ubumba obunama-70% bubuncipha futhi bunzima;
- i-nitrogen (18 mg / l);
- i-phosphorus (55 mg / l);
- i-potassium (180 mg / l).
Indawo enjalo iphelele ohlelweni lwempande, kusukela eduze kwemvelo: izimpande zithola umswakama okwanele kusuka emanzini, amagxolo anika ukufinyelela emoyeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubumba obuningi, obunamanzi amaningi, buqala kancane kancane ukuyinika imbali, njll. ukwenza imisebenzi ye-autowatering.
I-substrate isetshenziselwa iminyaka eminingana inani elingenamkhawulo wezikhathi. Ngokungafani nezinye izingxube eziningi, iCeramis ingasetshenziswa kabusha, ngisho noma isitshalo se-potted siphelile.
I-orchid ingafakwa emiphakathini, ngoba i-granulate iqeda ukuhlukaniswa nokuhlukana. Ngesikhathi sonke se-shelf life, i-substrate ayigcini futhi ayilahlekelwa yizindawo zayo. Lapho ukufakelwa ama-orchid eSaramis, izimpande azikwazi ukususwa emhlabeni omdala.
Fasasco
Izindleko ezilinganiselwe - kusuka kuma-ruble angu-72 we-10 kg. Ukwakhiwa okukhethiwe ngokucophelela kunikeza isitshalo ngokukhula okusheshayo nempilo, kuthuthukise izimfanelo zayo zokuhlobisa, kubumba isimo semithombo yamanzi nemimoya emihle.
Ukwenziwa komuthi waseRussia:
- isikhumba esiphakeme;
- ukugeleza;
- i-pine bark;
- amalahle;
- sphagnum moss
Ukupakisha okulula - doypak. Life Shelf - iminyaka emihlanu.
Igolide elimnyama
Izindleko ezilinganiselwa - kusuka kuma-ruble angu-65 ngamalitha angu-2. Umhlabathi wonke osuselwa kokonathi uthatha izinga elihle le-acidity. Futhi kuhlanganiswe nokubunjwa kwe-pine oracle, okwenza kube nokuphefumula okuhle. Kodwa i-microflora ye-pathogenic ayikho. I-substrate yokukhiqiza kweRussia igcina izakhiwo zayo phakathi nendawo yonke yokugcina ithala futhi iyamelana nokubola phakathi kweminyaka engu-5-6. Umhlabathi awunawo iphunga elimnandi futhi ungasetshenziswa ngokuphindaphindiwe.
Flower injabulo
Izindleko ezilinganiselwayo - ama-ruble angu-84 ngamalitha angu-2.5.
Kuvezwe kahle uma ukhula ama-orchid. Iqukethe amanzi egeleza, amalahle namahlathi.
Idala imodi ye-air-water edingekayo, kusiza ukuqinisa isitshalo, izimbali zalo ezide nokuningi.
Zeoflora
Izindleko ezilinganiselwa - kusuka kuma-ruble angu-300 kuya ku-2.5 amalitha.
Akuyona into enobuthi kubantu nangokwenyama yemvelo equkethe i-silicon esebenzayo, i-zeolite, i-nitrogen, i-potassium neyinyumba.
Ukwandisa ukumelana nokucindezeleka kwesitshalo, kudala ukulinganisa okuhle kwenqubo yezimpande. Ayidingi ukwelashwa okwengeziwe ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa..
I-Welltorf
Izindleko ezilinganiselwayo yi-ruble angu-12 ngo-25 kg. Inhlabathi ephezulu yekhwalithi ephezulu ehambisana naluphi uhlobo lwe-orchid. Isisekelo se-substrate singesihlabathi, ukugaya kanye ne-lowland peat, izinto zokwama-limestone. Unesigaba sesine sesingozi.
Okunikeziwe umkhiqizo awufanelekile ukutshala "izinsana" ngezimpande ezimfushanengoba ushiya ama-void amaningi futhi izimpande azikwazi ukulungiswa ngaphakathi ebhodweni. Futhi ngokusingatha izitshalo ezindala kulungile. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bakukwazisa ukuthi uxube le nhlabathi nabanye.
Lapho usebenza nanoma iyiphi yalezi zingxenye ezingenhla, izinyathelo zokuqapha kufanele zigcinwe:
- hlamba izandla emva komsebenzi;
- uma uxhumane naso, hlanza ngamanzi amaningi ahlanzekile;
- Naphezu kokuthi lezi zingxube ziyingozi kakhulu futhi zingabandakanyi ubuthi, kungcono ukungavumeli abantwana nezinkomo ezifuywayo ukuba zibe yi-substrate.
Yikuphi okungcono?
- Ngezindleko. Uma ubheka inani lentengo nekhwalithi, ungabiza izinketho ezingcono kakhulu: umphumela we-Bio, i-Ambulance, i-Flower injabulo.
- Ngokubunjwa. Wonke ama-substrates (ngaphandle kwe-Veltorfa) ahlanganiswa yonke indawo futhi afanele zonke izinhlobo ze-orchids.
I-Substrate ekhethiwe ngokufanele izokuvumela ukuba ukhule isitshalo esihle futhi esinamandla enjabulweni yomnikazi. Yiba nesithakazelo emibonweni yocwaningi, ukuya embukisweni namaforamu, ufunde izincwadi ezikhethekile, futhi inkinga yokuzikhethela izoya ohlelweni olude. Uma umhloli wezitshalo engagcini amandla akhe nemali nge-orchid yakhe, khona-ke ngeke akwazi ukusibekela izimbali zakhe.
Ukuqhathaniswa kwenhlabathi ye-orchid Ceramis ne-Zeoflora
