I-Colombo amazambane asekude futhi aqina ngokugcwele phakathi kwabalimi be-amateur. Futhi konke ngenxa yokuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinomusa omuhle, zingathunyelwa ngamabanga amade ngokulahlekelwa okuncane noma akukho futhi ziphikisana kahle nezifo nezinambuzane.
Kulesi sihloko sikulungiselele incazelo eningiliziwe yezici ezihlukahlukene, izici zayo eziyinhloko. Uzofunda nokuthi yiziphi izimo okumelwe zihlangatshezwe ukulima okuphumelelayo nokuthi ngabe kuvinjelwe yini ukuvimbela izifo nokuhlaselwa yizinambuzane.
Colombo incazelo ehlukahlukene amazambane
| Igama leBanga | Colomba |
| Izici ezijwayelekile | I-cultivar yaseDutch kakhulu kakhulu ngesivuno esithembekile |
| Isikhathi sokubeletha | Izinsuku ezingu-50-65 |
| Okuqukethwe kwesitashi | 11-15% |
| Izikhulu eziyizilimo eziyizigaxa | 80-130 gr |
| Inombolo yezilimo eziyizigaxa ehlathini | kuze kufike ku-12 |
| Ukuthela | 220-420 c / ha |
| Ikhwalithi yabathengi | ukunambitheka okuvamile, ukwehluleka okuncane |
| I-Recumbency | 95% |
| Umbala wesikhumba | ophuzi |
| Umbala we-Pulp | ophuzi |
| Izifunda ezikhulayo ezikhethiwe | Central, Central Black Earth, North Caucasus, Northwest, Volgo-Vyatsky |
| Izifo zokuphikisa | ukumelana nematodes kanye nomdlavuza wamazambane |
| Izici zokukhula | gwema ukutshala enhlabathini engavuthiwe |
| Umsunguli | I-HZPC HOLLAND B.V. (Netherlands) |
I-Colombo amazambane (iColomba) ayexhunyiwe eNetherlands. Umsunguli nguHZPC Holland. Kubandakanya irejista yombuso yeRussian Federation ebangeni elingaphakathi lezwe, esifundeni saseCaucasus naseNyakatho Yomhlaba Omnyama. 
Isakazeka kabanzi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nabalimi be-amateur baseRussia. Izinhlobonhlobo zenzelwe ukukhula emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukutshala izilimo eziyizigaxa ezikhiqizwa ngoMeyi. Uhlelo oluhlongozwayo lokuhlwanyela: 35x60 cm Ukujula kokutshala: 9-10 cm.
Ukutshala kumele kwenziwe emva kokusanhlamvu okumilayo, okusanhlamvu noma izithelo. Uthanda inhlabathi kancane acidic. Ikhula ngokujulile enhlabathini yomhlabathi noma emhlabathini omnyama.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokutshala, kufanele ukhethe ngokucophelela indawo. Ungalimi amazambane eduze kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Abalimi abanolwazi baqaphele ukuthi lezi subspecies amazambane ayibekezelelisi i-overmoistening. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlela kahle ukuchelela.
Ukuthela
Ikhomba izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo-zakuqala. Kusukela ekutshaleni izilimo eziyizigaxa kuya ekuvuthweni kobuchwepheshe kuthatha izinsuku ezingu-70-75. Ama-subspecies aphezulu-anikezela. Abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingu-220-420 zezithelo bavuna kusuka ehektheleni elilodwa.
Ithebula liveza idatha emvunweni yezinye izinhlobo zamazambane:
| Igama leBanga | Ukuthela |
| Colomba | Kusuka ku-hektha eli-1 ungakwazi ukuqoqa abantu abangu-220-420. |
| Umlimi | Kusukela ku-1 hektare bathola abangaphezu kuka-200 abaphakathi. |
| I-Meteor | Amakhilomitha angu-200 kuya ku-400 ehektheleni, ngokuya ngesifunda nesimo sezulu. |
| Izinsuku ezingamashumi amane | Kusukela ku-hektare elingu-1 kungaqoqwa kusuka kuma-200 kuya ku-300. |
| Minerva | Kusukela ku-hektare elingu-1 liqoqa abantu abaphakathi kuka-200 kuya ku-450. |
| I-Karatop | Ungakwazi ukuqoqa abantu abangu-200-500 ngehektha ngalinye. |
| Veneta | Inani elilinganiselwe lingamaphesenti angama-300 ehektheleni. |
| Zhukovsky ekuqaleni | Amaphesenti angu-400 ehektheleni. |
| Umfula | Ukusuka kuma-280 kuya ku-450 abaphakathi kwehektha ngalinye. |
| Kiranda | Kusuka kuma-110 kuya ku-320 abaphakathi kwehektha ngalinye. |
Ezindaweni ezifudumele, kungenzeka ukuvuna kabili ngonyaka. Colombo amazambane has izimfanelo eziphezulu zezimpahla. Kungathuthwa ngamabanga amade. Ezitolo zokudla zemifino epholile ekushiseni kwe--1-3 ° C iphikelela izinyanga ezingu-5-6.
Ikhwalithi yokugcina ingu-95%. Ukunambitheka kwesithelo kuhle kakhulu. With isitoreji eside-isitoreji ukunambitheka akulahlekelwa. Awuyikuhluma. Yenzelwe kokubili ukuthengiswa kwemakethe kanye nokuthengisa. Izindleko zemakethe kusuka ku-80 kuya kuma-99%.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezikhathi zokugcina, izinga lokushisa, izinkinga ezikhona. Futhi nokuthi ungagcina kanjani izimpande ebusika, kubakhiqizi nakubhaluni, esiqandisini futhi uhlutshiwe.
Ngezansi kwetafula ungabona izici eziqhathanisa nesisindo sempahla yezilimo eziyizigaxa kanye nekhwalithi yazo yokugcina kwezinye izinhlobo:
| Igama leBanga | I-mass of nezilimo eziyizigaxa zempahla (amagremu) | I-Recumbency |
| Colomba | 80-130 | 95% |
| I-Meteor | 100-150 | 95% |
| Minerva | 120-245 | 94% |
| Kiranda | 92-175 | 95% |
| I-Karatop | 60-100 | 97% |
| Veneta | 67-95 | 87% |
| Zhukovsky ekuqaleni | 100-120 | 92-96% |
| Umfula | 100-180 | 94% |
Isithombe
Isithombe sibonisa amazambane ahlukahlukene eColombo.
Colombo amazambane ezihlukahlukene isici
Izibhakabhakeni eziqondile, ezihamba phambili, zinenani elikhulu lamapheshana. Ukuphakama kufinyelela ku-50-55 cm. Amaqabunga amakhulu, ama-emerald hue. Izimbali ze-snow-white lilac.
Ubukhulu bomthunzi we-anthocyanin obuvela ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwe-corolla bubuthakathaka kakhulu noma abukho ngokuphelele. Izithelo zihlangene, ngezingqimba ezizungezile. Yenza isikhumba esithakazelisayo somthunzi omnyama wokukhanya.
Ubuningi bezithelo luhlukahluka ku-80-130 amagremu. Amehlo amancane, angajulile. Okuqukethwe kwesitashi kufinyelela ku-11-15%.
I-Colomba Amazambane iyithebula ehlukahlukene. Yakhelwe kuphela ukulungiselela izitsha ezizenzela. Kunomusa omuhle kakhulu. Izifundo zokuqala nezesibili zenziwe ngamazambane kulezi ezihlukahlukene.
Isetshenziselwa ukugcwaliswa kwama-pie. Amazambane angenziwa okuthosiwe, abilisiwe, abhakabhakwe, agwetshiwe futhi angene ku-microwave. Lokhu kuhluka kuyahamba kahle nge izaqathe, anyanisi, beet, peas, inyama.
Ukukhula
Inqubo ye-Agrotechnika. Ngesikhathi sokutshala kufanele uqaphele ukuthi inhlabathi kufanele ifudumale kahle. Izinhlobonhlobo azibekezeli ukubandayo. Izithelo zingabola emhlabathini. Kubalulekile ukuqapha ukwehluleka kwenhlabathi.
Kubalulekile ukuthi umhlaba uphefumule. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uhlelo lwempande ngeke lukwazi ukuthuthukisa ngenkuthalo. Lokhu kuqukethe ukwehla kokuvunwa. Kufanele senze i-weeding evamile. Asikwazi ukuvumela ukutholakala kokhula eduze kwesitshalo, empini yokulwa nabo kuzosiza ukuxhuma.
Izitshalo zokhula ziqoqa amaminerali, okuholela ekuthuthukiseni izilimo eziyizigaxa. Izinhlobonhlobo zidinga ukulimaza masonto onke. Ukulimala kwenziwa okungenani kanye ngemva kwamasonto amabili.
Akudingekile ukukhohlwa mayelana nokuphalaza kwamakhemikhali ahlukene uma ukhula.Ukuvikela ukutshala, kunconywa ukuba ushintshe ngezikhathi ezithile insimu, ngesikhathi esifushane, ukuwaphatha ngezinambuzane, ama-fungicides kanye nokubulala imithi.
Izitshalo zidlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuleni. Ezihlokweni zethu uzothola ulwazi oluningiliziwe lokuthi ungondla kanjani amazambane, nini futhi kanjani ukusebenzisa umanyolo, ukuthi ungayenza kanjani kahle uma utshala.
Sonke siyazi ukuthi kunezindlela eziningi zokutshala amazambane. Sikulungiselele uchungechunge lwezihloko mayelana nalo. Funda konke mayelana nobuchwepheshe beDutch, mayelana nokukhula kwezinhlobo zakuqala nokuthola isivuno ngaphandle kokukhahlela nokusila. Futhi futhi ngezindlela ngaphansi komshini, ezikhwameni, emabhokisini, emabhokisini, kusuka kumbewu.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Izinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana kakhulu nomdlavuza, isikhumba, i-cyst ne-nematode yegolide.
Ukuphuza isikhathi se-tuber kanye namapheshana sredneustoychiv. Funda futhi ngalezi zifo ezivamile ze-Solanaceae njenge-Alternaria, i-Fusarium, i-Verticillis.
Ukulimala kwe-Pest kuthinteka kuphela ngokunakekelwa okungalungile. Njengoba i-prophylaxis, abalimi abanolwazi bancoma ngezikhathi ezithile ukuhlola izihlahla zokuba khona kwe-Colorado bezambane beetle. Lapho kutholakala, amazambane aphikisiwe ngamakhemikhali akhethekile noma asebenzise izindlela zendabuko.
Kunconywa ukuba ungasebenzisi ngokweqile ngokugqoka okuphezulu futhi uhlole ubuningi behlabathi masonto onke. With acidification eqinile kufanele ayeke ukwenza izithako.
Kubalulekile! Ukuhlukahluka kungadliwa nge-sideratami. I clover ephelele, lupine, lwesinaphi. Uma ufaka lwesinaphi, i-wireworm iphendulwa. I-Lupine ibhubhisa izibungu ze-Colorado bezambane beetle.
Abalimi abanolwazi bathi lolu hlobo lomanyolo lunomhlabathi, okwenza luphefumule kakhulu.
Izitshalo zivimbela ukukhula okusebenzayo kokhula. Kodwa kufanelekile ukucabangela ukuthi emva kokusungulwa komquba ohlaza, ukwehlisa izihlahla emva kokuphuma akukhuthazwa izinyanga ezingu-2-2.5.
Amazambane ebangeni laseColombo yavulwa eNetherlands. Iphethe ikhwalithi yokugcina eliphezulu, isethulo esihle kakhulu. Yenzelwe ukupheka ekhaya. With isitoreji eside-isitoreji ukunambitheka akulahlekelwa. Iqukethe isitashi se-11-15%. Ikhulile kokubili emapulazini abucala nangaphakathi kohlaka lwebhizinisi lokulima.
Siphakamisa ukuthi uzijwayele ngezinhlobo zamazambane ezinemigomo ehlukile yokuvuthwa:
| Ukuphumula okuphakathi | Ngaphambi kokuqala | Ukukhula kokuqala |
| Melody | Isikhulu somnyama | Bellarosa |
| I-Margarita | Nevsky | Timo |
| Alladin | Darling | Arosa |
| Isibindi | Nkosi yama-expanses | Spring |
| Ubuhle | Ramos | Impala |
| Milady | Taisiya | Zorachka |
| I-Lemongrass | I-Lapot | Colette | I-Grenada | Rodrigo | Lyubava | I-Mozart | I-Belmondo | Molly | Sonny | Fantasy Red | Obomvu obomvu |
