Aphid, whitefly, midges nezinye izinambuzane petunia. Indlela yokubhekana nabo?

Akunakusho ukuthi i-petunia yisitshalo esibi kakhulu. Ubufakazi buyasakazwa kabanzi. Kodwa-ke, abathandi bale mbali bayazi ukuthi bayobona kanjani ngokunembile ukubusa komswakama noma bathathe inhlanganisela yomhlabathi.

Okufanayo kusebenza ekulawuleni izinambuzane ze-petunia. Ukuhlasela kwama-aphid noma imikhaza kungaphazamisa imizamo yokusebenza kwezinyanga ezimbalwa zomsebenzi, kodwa inhlanganisela enobuchwepheshe yezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuvikela kanye nokucubungula okufike ngesikhathi kunamandla okubhekana nale nkinga.

Izici zokukhula

Ezimweni ezibandayo, i-petunia ihlwanyelwa engxenyeni yesibili ka-Mashi, ezinyangeni ezifudumele - isigamu sokuqala sikaMashi noma ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari. Ukushisa okungaba ngu-+25 ° C kanye nomswakama mayelana no-98% kuyadingeka. Amanzi for izithombo kufanele avele phansi, kusukela pan. Emva kokuvela kwamaqabunga 2-3, lesi sitshalo sitshalwe kabusha. Uma kukhona amaqabunga amane esitshalweni, ayinyathela (susa ithiphu). Ukutshala kufanele ukhethe uhlangothi olusenyangeni lwegumbi noma indawo.

Ukuvezwa kokuhlaselwa okuhlukahlukene

I-Petunia ibhekene nokuhlaselwa okufanayo kwezinambuzane nezinye izimbali eziningi nezitshalo eziwusizo. Yilokhu:

• uphawu;
• i-aphid;
• i-springtail;
• i-whitefly;
• i-thrips;
• ama-sciarides (amakhowe amakhowe);
• slugs

Abameli abane bokuqala kulolu hlu badinga ukukhuluma ngokuningiliziwe.

Ama-aphid esitshalweni: izimbangela zokubukeka, amakhambi abantu

I-colony yama-aphid, ehlanganiswe ngamaqabunga neziqu, ibonakala ngokucacile.

1. Ngokuvamile, izibungu, abantu abadala, amaphiko nezinamaphiko ezinambuzane zihlala lapha.
2. Izikhumba eziningi ezilahlwe izibungu ziyabonakala.
3. Lapho kufika inkathazo, lesi sitshalo siyeka ukukhula.
4. Amaqabunga aphelile, izimbali ezivele zikhula ziyahluma, futhi amaqabunga abuna futhi awe.
5. Isitshalo esithinteka ngama-aphid sigcwele amaconsi anamathele okukhipha izinambuzane. Lokhu kuholela ekubukeni kwe-soot fungus, ebonakala ngokucacile ezindaweni eziningi ezimnyama.

Kufanele sizame ukuheha izitha zemvelo zama-aphid kusayithi.. Yilokhu:

• i-eye-eyed (flornitsa);
• okujwayelekile okuyizinsikazi eziyisikhombisa;
• ama-hoverflies nabanye.

Laba basizi bemvelo basiza umlimi ukuba aqukethe ukukhula kwezinkulungwane eziningi zama-aphid amakholomu ngaphandle kokupomfa njalo ngamakhemikhali.

Amakhambi omphakathi:

• Susa ngesandla, gwedeza, izinambuzane ezinamanzi ngamanzi.
• Tshala ngesisombululo sesephu, indlu noma ithala.
• Engeza i-soda yokubhaka ku-soap eyisikali (isipuni esingu-1 soda ngamanzi 1 litre amanzi).
• Okufanayo, kodwa esikhundleni se-soda, thatha ingxube yezinongo ezishisayo: pepper, lwesinaphi, nesinamoni.
• 5 g we-ammonia noma i-100 ml yeviniga ehlanjululwe ku-1 litre lamanzi abandayo.
• Engeza izinkuni emhlabathini.
• Hlanganisa umlotha ngamanzi asosi.
• Umhlonyane, i-celandine, iziqongo zamatamatisi (noma i-tansy) namazambane athululela amalitha amahlanu amanzi. Vumela ukuthi iphuze izinsuku ezintathu. Bese ubilise ihora bese ufaka insipho.

Ungasebenzisa futhi i-boric acid, i-ammonia, ubisi, lapho amaconsi ambalwa e-iodine ayengezwa khona. Izimbali zifuthiwe, ziqala entwasahlobo, lapho i-aphid evelile ingasebenzi ngokungajwayelekile. Okokuqala, balondoloza isikhathi sezinsuku ezingu-5-10, bese - kanye ngenyanga.

"Amakhemikhali anzima" kumele adluliselwe kuphela uma usongo lokusakaza ama-aphid lukhulu kakhulu. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi, kanye nezinambuzane, izinambuzane ezizuzayo nazo ziyathinteka.

Phakathi kwesikhathi esivivinywa kungabizwa ngokuthi "Aktar", (kanye nezinye izinombolo ezisebenzisa thiamethoxam njengento esebenzayo). I-insecticide isungulwa ngaphansi kwempande, kusukela lapho ikhuphukela phezulu kakhulu kwesitshalo. Manje imbali ivikelekile ngokwethembeka ezinsukwini ezingu-40-50.

Indlela yokubhekana nesicabucabu?

I-spider mite ihlala emhlabathini nasemagqabeni aphansi. Ibeka amaqembu amakhulu ngokwanele. Imibala ingase ihluke:

• obomvu
• ophuzi;
• oluhlaza

Izinambuzane ezincane akulula ukuzicabangela, kaningi siyabalalela ama-cobwebs amancane ashiya. Ukuthi amaqanda amathikithi ahlala angasebenza kuze kube yiminyaka emihlanu. Izinambuzane zesicabucabu zihamba kalula ukusuka kwesinye isitshalo ukuya kwesinye. Ukubhoboza ubuso beqabunga, badla ama-juice ayo.

I-spider mite iphikisana ngokungavamile "kumakhemikhali", ukuze ukulwa nalo kube umsebenzi onzima.

1. Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa i-petunia enegciwane lesitshalo enempilo.
2. Lungiselela isisombululo sokuhlanza ukuhlanza (noma isobho kuphela).
3. Izitshalo, ikakhulukazi ohlangothini oluphambene namaqabunga, oluswakanyiswe ngokuphelele.
4. Kufanele igeze imbiza, i-windows sill.
5. I-mite ayikubekezeli umswakama, ngakho-ke ngemuva kokucubungula, udinga ukuthululela imbali ngobuningi futhi umboze ngesikhwama seplastiki.

Le ndlela izosiza okungenani ukunciphisa inani lamakholoni.

Ezinye izindlela ezithandwayo zomzabalazo:

• I-garlic mash igcizelela phakathi nosuku. Thatha u-170 g we-pulp ku-1 litre lamanzi.
• Ukunika amahora amabili ama-dandelion. Thatha i-30 g ye-dandelion 1 ilitha lamanzi.
• Ezimweni ezikhethekile (isibonelo, umakhelwane nezithelo zezitshalo), ungasebenzisa imikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo, ikakhulukazi, i- "Fitoverm" (i-analogue - "Kleschevit").
• Isidakamizwa esisha ngokujwayelekile "iS Sunmite" sizobhubhisa kalula umkhaza kunoma yisiphi isigaba sokuthuthukiswa. Ukususa i-petunia ezinambuzane, ihora elilodwa lanele. Ukuphinda usebenze ngezinsuku ezingu-30-40.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma izimpukane ezimhlophe zivela?

Ngezinye izikhathi ku-petunia (futhi hhayi nje kuphela kuwo) ungabona izinambuzane ezimhlophe ezine-1 mm. Bafihla ngemuva kweshidi noma bagxume emhlabathini. Lona i-podura emhlophe, emele ama-springtails, okwenzeka emvelweni ahlanganisa izinkulungwane zezinhlobo. Zibeka amaqanda ngokujula cishe ngo-3 cm.

I-parasite ayilimazi kakhulu imbali, kepha lapho i-organic in the pot is uphela, ingakwazi ukuthatha ngokujulile izimpande kanye amahlumela. Kancane kancane, i-petunia iqala ukulimaza futhi ifinyelele. I-medium ekahle ye-suture emhlophe yindawo enamanzi lapho izinqubo zokubola ziqala khona.

Izindlela zokulwa:

• Ngemuva kokubuyisela umbuso wokunisela wokunisela, ungadlulisela isendlalelo (isihluzo esincane) embizeni njengamanzi angaphezulu.
• Indlela elula kakhulu ukususa 4-5 amasentimitha enhlabathi, ngamaqanda kanye nezibungu zenkathazo, bese uyishintsha ngomunye.
• Ungakwazi ukuqoqa nokubhubhisa inqwaba yezinambuzane, ubeke isigamu samazambane ebhodweni, unqume.
• Ngaphandle kwalokho, inhlabathi ifafazwe umlotha noma ixiliswe nge-solution ye potassium permanganate (hhayi emnyama kune-pink!).
• Kusukela "izindlela ezithuthukisiwe" kungaba yinto ewusizo ye-fumigators evamile (i-mosquito repellent), enezipule noma uketshezi.
• Akudingekile ukwethula ama-aerosols - Umshayeli, u-Reid, u-Dichlorvos wendabuko no-Dichlorvos-neo. Inhlabathi ikhululiwe, idala "i-cocoon" yefilimu, ifake isisindo esiyingozi eduze komhlabathi bese uyimboza ngefilimu amahora amaningana.

Indlela yokubhekana ne-whitefly?

Ama-Whiteflies ayinambuzane eyingozi ye-petunias. Kule ndaba, azikho ngaphansi kwezingulube noma ezithathwe.

Lezi zimvemvane azikho ngaphezu kuka 1.8 mm ngobukhulu, ngamaphiko njengokungathi zihlanganiswe ngopuphu. Ephuma eqandeni, i-larva idla uketshezi lwesitshalo, igubungele ngezingubo ezikhethekile ze-wax. Njengoba sezilahlekelwe izakhi, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi, aphephe futhi asomile.

Izimpawu eziphawulekayo imibala ye-mosaic kanye ne-leaf deformation.. Ukukhula kwamahlumela amancane, njengomthetho, wehla. Njengama-aphid, i-whitefly excretions iba yindawo yokuzalisa i-sooty fungus, futhi izindawo ezimnyama zakhiwe ngenxa yalokho kubangela umonakalo ongenakuqhathaniswa nokubonakala kwembali.

Ngaphandle kwama-eyed golden and ladybugs, lezi ziyizidakamizwa ze-parasite enkarzii kanye ne-predatory bug makrolofus. Umthelela othile unganikezwa ngokupuniza ngegalikhi noma ukumnika ugwayi, ukubeka izicupho zeglue eduze nezimbali.

Amanye amathuluzi athembekile:

• I-Aktara;
• "I-Confidor", (kanye nezifaniso ezisuselwe kumidaclopridom);
• "Akarin" (elinye igama elithi "Agravertin");
• "Hlola" (kunoma yikuphi ukuguqulwa);
• "Actellic" (ngenxa yobuthi - kuphela ukuthutha komgwaqo).

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela

Isivimbela endleleni yezinambuzane singabekwa ezindleleni ezijwayelekile kakhulu, uma nje ukuzisebenzisa njalo njalo nangesikhathi:

• ukwelashwa kwenhlabathi (okushisayo noma amakhemikhali);
• ukuthenga kwe-substrate ephezulu;
• ukushayela (ngokumelene nezimpukane ezimnyama);
• ukukhipha amanzi, ukukhulula (ngokumelene no-blackflies);
• Imodi yokunisela yokondla;
• ukubhujiswa kwama-anthills (ngokumelene nama-aphid);
• ukubhujiswa kwamaqabunga anesifo ekwindla;
• ukuhlola njalo izitshalo;
• "ukuhlukanisa" izitshalo ezithathwe emgwaqweni noma ezithengwa emakethe.

Ngokugcinwa kwezinqubo zokuvimbela, ukuchelela kahle nokuhlanganiswa okuphumelelayo kwamakhemikhali abantu namakhemikhali, kungenzeka ukunciphisa inani lezinambuzane ezisongela impilo ye-petunias okungenani.