Statica (noma njengoba kuthiwa i-immortelle, i-Kermek, i-limonium) - izimbali ezomile ezithandwa, okuye kwasetshenziswa isikhathi eside ekudalweni kwezwe lamazwe amaningi aseYurophu.
Ngokuqondene namazwe amaningi e-CIS, ukusimama kusetshenziselwa njalo njengendlela yokuhlobisa ingadini, kodwa abanye balimi basenesithakazelo ezindabeni zokuhlwanyela i-Kermek.
Lesi sitshalo sinama-peduncles aphezulu kakhulu, okukhona kuwo ama-candle-inflorescences amakhanda avulekile futhi avulekile. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuba wenze izingqungquthela zommbali ezivela ezimpandeni ze-immortelle, ikakhulukazi uma ufunda ukuzihlanganisela namanye amasiko ngendlela efanele.
Ukuqina okukhulayo ngokusebenzisa izithombo
Kunezindlela eziningana zokusakaza i-statics, kodwa ngokuvamile kuvame ukutshala ngenzalo noma ukuthola izithombo ezilungiselelwe.
Kungcono nini ukuhlwanyela izithombo
Nakuba ukugxila kubhekwa njengesitshalo esingenakuqonda, noma kunjalo, lapho ukhulisa imbewu, kusekhona imithetho ethile. Okokuqala kufanele ihloniphe kahle isikhathi sokutshala imbewu. Kule ndaba, kubalulekile ukuthi uqhubeke ngendlela ethile yokuhluma izithombo: ezimbizeni (iziqukathi ezikhethekile) noma ku-greenhouse.
Esikhathini sokuqala, isikhathi esihle sokuhlwanyela imbewu kubhekwa ukuthi siphakathi kuka-Febhuwari, kanti lapho kuhlwanyelwa kubamba lokushisa kuyadingeka ukulinda kuze kube yilapho kunzima kakhulu, futhi lokhu kuzokwenzeka ngaphambi kokuphela kukaMashi - maphakathi no-Ephreli.
Uma sicabanga ukuthi lesi simiso siyisitshalo se-thermophilic, kungakhathaliseki indlela ekhethiwe, izinga lokushisa kufanele libe ngo-15 ° S kuya ku-22 ° С. Njengoba nje ukwazi kahle ukuthi kufanele itshalwe nini statics phezu izithombo, ungathola isitshalo zezimbali futhi lush ngesikhathi.
Ukukhetha inhlabathi yokutshala izithombo
Imbewu yokutshala i-immortelle kufanele yenziwe enhlabathini evulekile, indima yayo ehambisana kahle ne-substrate esekelwe kwi-peat noma umhlaba okhethekile wezithombo. Imfuneko eyinhloko: inhlabathi kufanele ibe yilapho ilula, ikhululekile futhi ingahlanganiswa ngokuqinile ngemva kokunisela.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze ukwandise ukunyakaza kwenhlabathi, ingxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi ingeziwe ezingxenyeni ezintathu ze-substrate.Inhlabathi elungiselelwe i-sieved, i-sprigs, izimpande nezinye izidumbu zisuswe kuwo, emva kwalokho kuyadingeka ukwengeza isixazululo sama-manganese enhlabathini noma ukuyibeka ehhavini, okuzobulala zonke izifungulu nezinambuzane ezinobungozi.
I-substrate eholelekile ifakwe emabhodwe ngezingqimba ze-drainage kanye nomgodi wokukhipha okhethekile. Ngaphambi kokutshala ngokuqondile imbewu yenhlabathi, inhlabathi elungiselelwe ifakwe, kodwa hhayi kakhulu kangangokuba inhlabathi ayimanzi kakhulu.
Ukulungiselela imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala
Lokho i-Kermek nokuthi i-limonium ibukeka kanjani ingaziwa ngabalimi abaningi, kodwa akubona bonke abaye bahlangana nembewu yesitshalo esinikeziwe. Eqinisweni, ziyamangalisa kakhulu, ngoba zinezinga elincanyana futhi limehlo elilodwa, ne-cusps emaphethelweni.
Zonke imbewu zifakwe ezitshalweni ezingadingi ukuba zihlutshiwe noma zikhishwe amandla, nakuba, ekuboneni kokuqala, igobolondo ingase ibonakale ikhulu kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, bathululelwa ngamanzi afudumele amahora ambalwa, nakuba lokhu kuyindlela yokuzikhethela.
Ezimakethe zanamuhla, imbewu esivele ihlutshiwe esivini izitholakala njalo, kodwa abalimi abanamalimi abanolwazi abaye bahlanganyela isikhathi eside ekutshalweni kwezimbali ezimile, batusa ukuhlwanyela i-statics, ukufaka izithelo zomhlabathi wonke.
Uyazi? Izwe elidumile lomlando we-immortelle yizindawo zasemanzini zaseMedithera, yingakho abakwa-agrotechnicians beluleka ukufaka usawoti emanzini okunisela ngesilinganiso se-tbsp. isipuni sikasawoti ngamalitha angu-10 ketshezi.
Ukuhlwanyela kwenhlanyelo
I-Statica ibekezelela ukuguquka kabi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kuphakanyiswa ukuthi ungahlwanyeli yonke imbewu ebhokisini elilodwa. Ngokufanelekile, kufanele kube khona imbewu eyodwa embizeni, ngoba uhlelo lwezitshalo lwalokhu lukhulu kangangokuthi uma luhlwanyelwa yiqembu, ngisho nezithombo ziseduze ebhokisini.
Inqubo yokuhlwanyela ngokwayo ngeke ikuthathe isikhathi esiningi. Sakaza imbewu yesitshalo emhlabathini olungiselelwe futhi usifafaze kancane phezu kwenhlabathi. Ukuqeda izitsha kungcono ukuthwala ukushisa noma ukushisa, futhi uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, ungakwazi ukumboza amabhokisi ngeglasi noma ifilimu.
Njengoba ubona, ukutshala statics on izithombo kulula, futhi into esemqoka ukuhlinzeka ngenhlabathi efanele futhi indawo efudumele ukuhluma okusheshayo imbewu. Kodwa-ke, kunezinye izimo, ukuhambisana nalokho okuzoqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhluma kwembewu enkulu.
Izimo zokuhluma imbewu
Abalimi bezimbali abahlangenwe nakho bayazi ezinye izindlela ezizosheshisa inqubo yokuthola imbewu yegciwane. Ukuze amahlumela avele masinyane avela emhlabathini, ochwepheshe batusa ukuhamba kancane "emanzini" wezinhlamvu ngephepha le-emery noma i-saw rough, emva kwalokho ahlelwe kahle kwisisombululo esikhethekile.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungasebenzisa futhi i-sawdust emanzi, lapho imbewu ibhapathizwa khona izinsuku ezingu-2-3. Imbewu yembewu elungiselelwe ngale ndlela itshalwe ezinkomeni noma emabhodwe (kuye ngokuthi yikuphi lapho izitshalo ziyokhula khona esikhathini esizayo: ensimini, e-cottage ehlobo noma efulethini).
Uma kukhula imbewu ye-statics yokuhlwanyela izithombo kufanele ilandelwe ukukhanya kwendawo. Uma utshala izitshalo ezimbizeni, kulula lapha, ngoba zingalungiswa kunoma yikuphi ukukhanya kwefasitela elikhanyayo.
Kodwa-ke, uma ukuhlwanyelwa kwezimbewu kuqhutshwa ezimweni zokushisa, khona-ke ukuhluma kahle kwembewu kufanele kube ngokucacile ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba noma yisiphi isithunzi noma ukucwilisa kuyothinta kakhulu impumelelo yenqubo. Ngenxa yokungabi khona kwelanga, amahlumela e-statics agxila futhi agxilile, futhi lesi sitshalo ngokwawo saphela ukuqhuma.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze izithombo zingaphazanyane, ibanga eliphakathi kwazo kufanele libe ngu-25-30 cm.
Isikhathi esincane sembewu yokuhluma kwesimiso cishe izinsuku ezingu-10, nakuba le nqubo ingathatha izinsuku ezingaba ngu-21, ikakhulukazi uma isitshalo singakadalwa izimo ezikhula kahle, kufaka phakathi ukukhanya, ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi kanye nemodi yokunisela efanele.Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ukhathazekile ngokuhluma kwembewu etshalwe, ke Ungakwazi ukufudumala iziqukathi ngezimboni ezizayo ngebani elingu-60W elijwayelekile lesibani (fluorescent) elijwayelekile (amahora angu-4-5 ngosuku ngokwanele). Uma konke kuhamba kahle, maduze uzocabangela ngokukhetha iKhermek yakho.
Izithombo zokupheka
Embuzweni wokukhetha izibalo, imibono yochwepheshe ihlukile. Abanye bathi izithombo zidinga ukudonsa, ngokushesha nje lapho zichitha, zingalindi amaqabunga kuqala, kanti abanye bakholelwa ukuthi, ngokuphambene nalokho, kufanelekile ukulinda le mzuzu othize.
Kunoma yikuphi, ngokukhula kwezithombo, uma nje bekhona ebhokisini elifanayo, kudingeka badluliselwe ezinkomishi ezihlukene, emva kwalokho izitshalo ezincane zizofika emhlabathini ovulekile.
Lokhu kuzokwenzeka ngaphambi kukaJune, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi lapho inhlabathi ivuselela ngokwanele futhi ingozi yokulimala ohlelweni lwempande iyanciphisa kakhulu.
Ukutshala izithombo ezinamabala emhlabathini ovulekile
Uma uhlela ukutshala i-statics engadini yakho noma ku-cottage yakho yasehlobo, khona-ke ngokufakelwa kwesitshalo endaweni evulekile akufanele, ngoba ukulima okuqhubekayo nokunakekelwa okufanele kuzokwenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo.
I-Kermec ikhula ngokushesha futhi imelana kakhulu nezimo zezulu ezimbi. Ngakho-ke, kungakapheli inyanga nengxenye emva kokukhetha, utshalwe endaweni engapheliyo. Yiqiniso, kungcono ukuthi isimo sezulu sasishisa ngokufudumele, ngaphandle kwamaqhwa ebusuku angalindelekile.
Uma utshala i-statics, isikhala esiphakathi kwezitshalo kufanele sibe ngamasentimitha angu-30, ngaphandle kwalokho, njengezithombo, izimbali ziyophazamisana, okuvame ukudala ukungena kwe-inflorescences nokunciphisa izinga lezimbali. Ngokuqondene nenqubo yokufakelwa ngokwayo, Kufezwa ngokudlulisa lesi sitshalo embizeni (indebe) kuya kahle.
Izimbali ziwela ngosuku lweshumi 90-100 emva kokuhlwanyela, okungukuthi, ngoJuni. Ngaphambi kokuba kuqhume izimbali kufanele kube enhlabathini okungenani inyanga. Njengoba i-Kermek iyinhlangano yezitshalo ezikhanyayo nezithando lokushisa, zibekezeleleke kahle futhi zibe ngaphansi kwelanga elivulekile.
Kubalulekile! Uma ukutshala izitshalo kumele kuphinde kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-basal rosette (ebizwa ngokuthi "iphuzu lokukhula") alihlanganiswa nomhlaba futhi likhanya kahle.
Nini ukufakelwa izithombo
Ngokuvamile, ngokuqhubeka nokunakekelwa kwe-saplings ye-statics, ifakwe emhlabathini ovulekile ekupheleni kukaMeyi, noma kunjalo, izitshalo ezincane kunazo zonke zithatha izimpande endaweni entsha uma zihanjiswa khona ngoJuni.
Ukushisa okungcono kakhulu kokukhula kuba + 22 ... +27 ° C phakathi nosuku futhi cishe +15 ° C ebusuku. Naphezu kokuthi ukusimama kuyisitshalo esinomsoco nesingabandeki, isithwathwa esinamandla (kufika ku -5 ° C) singabhubhisa izithombo ezincane.
Ukukhetha indawo yezibalo ezikhulayo
Njengoba sesishilo kakade, uKermek uthanda ukukhanya futhi udinga ukushisa okwanele, okusho ukuthi kuhle ukubekezelela ilanga eliqondile, futhi kufanele litshalwe ngaphandle, kusukela emthunzini isitshalo sizozizwa sibi: amaqabunga neziqu ziyobola , futhi izimbali zichotshozwe kakhulu.
Kodwa i-statics, etshalwe embhedeni wembali, ikhula ngokugcwele futhi ikhule, ngoba kaningi ikhona ukuthi idala izimo ezikhululekile kakhulu zokukhula.
Indawo ekhethiwe kufanele ibe yindawo elula, evulekile futhi enomsoco. Ngokweqile, isitshalo singakhula enhlabathini enhlabathini, kodwa kuphela ngokusebenza okugunyazayo kwama-fertilizer. Inhlabathi enamandla yobumba kanye nezindawo ezimanzi kakhulu azifanelekile nhlobo.
Indlela yokutshala izithombo kusayithi
Ukutshala okufanelekile kwezitshalo kusayithi kuhlinzekela ukususwa ngokucophelela okuvela emathonjeni noma emhlabathini we-greenhouse kanye nokufika okulandelayo endaweni ekhethiwe yesayithi. Uma ukufakelwa kabusha umhlabathi oseduze nenqubo yempande ye-seedling akufanele kubhujiswe, ngakho-ke, isithombo sibhekwa ngokucophelela nge-spatula encane.
Ukujula kwezimbobo endaweni entsha kumele kube ngu-5-15 cm (kuye ngokuthi ubukhulu bezithombo), futhi ibanga eliphakathi kwezintambo eziseduze akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-30 cm. Uma ubeka izitshalo eziseduze, lokhu kuzobangela ukuba ama-inflorescences aqedwe.
Ukunakekelwa kwesayithi okuqinile
Njengazo zonke ezinye izitshalo ezitshalwe kulesi sakhiwo, i-statica idinga indlela efanele yokunisela nokudla okwesikhashana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indima ebalulekile ekugcineni i-kermek iyona ukusika nokuma.
Zingaphindwa kangaki ukugeza
Njengoba uyazi, ukusimama kuyinto isitshalo esingavimbela isomiso, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukugwema umswakama ngokweqile inhlabathi endaweni yokukhula kwayo. Ukunisela akukwenziwe okungaphezu kwesonto ngesonto, besebenzisa amanzi amaningi (cishe 300 ml ngaphansi komsuka wesitshalo esisodwa).
Noma kunjalo, akufanele sikhohlwe ukuthi ukwethulwa kwamanzi kuyadingeka kuphela esimweni esomile, futhi uma inhlabathi isivele imanzi, akudingekile ukuba uhambisane nalolu hlelo "kanye ngesonto". Kuzokwanela nje ukukhulula ungqimba ophezulu womhlaba. Kuyasiza ukwengeza inani elincane likasawoti emanzini okunisela.
Ziningi kangakanani nokuthi ungayigqoka kanjani
Ezimweni eziningi, ukufaka umquba eKermek kwenziwa kanye kuphela: ekulungiseleleni inhlabathi yokutshala. Kulesi simo, umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi ukwanele, okusetshenzisiwe ngesilinganiso sika-3-5 kg ngemitha engu-100 yokutshala.
Uma inhlabathi ingenamsoco kakhulu izitshalo, izitshalo zondliwa njalo emva kwezinsuku ezingu-15 zisebenzisa umanyolo ophilayo.
Ochwepheshe bacebisa ukuphazamisa ukuqina 3-4 izikhathi ngesikhathi esisodwa: okokuqala lapho inhlabathi ihlwanyiswa ngendaba ephilayo, okwesibili - ngamaminerali kanye nendaba ephilayo, futhi ngesikhathi sokuqala kwezimbali, izitshalo ziyadluliselwa ngokuphelele kumanyolo amaminerali ayinkimbinkimbi.
Ukusika nokumisa ukuqina
Ngesinye isikhathi ulwazi lwezimpawu zokutshala nokunakekela isimiso alwanele, futhi abalimi abaningi banesithakazelo sokuthi umise kahle kanjani isitshalo sezingqimba zomile zangempela. Ukuze uqale, kufanele uthathe izimbali, okungcono kakhulu ezenziwe ngesimo sezulu esomile, uma kungenjalo isitshalo sizoba mnyama futhi siqale ukubola.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusika isihlahla, kubalulekile ukukhetha iKhermek, lapho isibalo esikhulu kunazo zonke sezivulwe khona, ngaleyo ndlela unike abanye ithuba lokukhula kancane. Dry the statica ngamunye, ilenga izitshalo phansi namakhanda abo egumbini elomile futhi othumayo.
Ngakho-ke, ukuzinza kungabizwa ngokuthi imbali enhle ngempela, engadingi umzamo omkhulu lapho uhlwanyela futhi unakekela emhlabathini ovulekile, okuyinto, uma ngabe uyifunayo, uzokujabulisa unyaka wonke: kuqala engadini, bese uhlala esitsheni sokuqala esomisiwe.
