I-Ananas

Izindlela zokuzalisa i-Ananas, indlela yokutshala i-phaphayinti ngezimo zegumbi

Kubantu abaningi abaye babheka ama-cartoons ebuntwaneni, lapho i-apinapula eqoshiwe ikhula khona emithini yesundu, kuba ukutholakala kwangempela ukuthi lesi sithelo esishisayo empilweni yangempela - Lesi sitshalo sinesihlahla se-herbaceous futhi sikhula emahlathini amancane emhlabathini. Olunye ukutholakala okukhulu kwabakhileyo esifundeni sethu, sicabanga ukuthi kuzoba amaphayinaphu angakhula emafasiteleni abo. Ngemva kokufunda lesi sihloko, uzofunda lokho ukukhiqizwa kwephayinaphu ekhaya - lokhu akuwona umsebenzi onzima kangaka, nakuba kunjalo, ukuze ufeze umphumela oyifunayo, uzodinga ukwenza umzamo.

Indlela yokutshala imbewu yephayinaphu

Isithelo esingavamile sichitha ngezindlela ezine: imbewu, amahlumela, ukuhlukaniswa kwezimpande nokusebenzisa i-apical outlet. Ngokuvamile abasebenzisa indlela yokulima, ngoba yiyona ende kunazo zonke.

Ngaphambi kokuba ukhule i-ananasini kusuka enzalweni, udinga ukuya khona ekuthengeni izithelo ezifanele kulo msebenzi. Kumele ukuba avuthwe kahle. Uma uhlola ngokucophelela isithelo, ungabona ukuthi yisitshalo esineqoqo lezicucu ezilinganayo, ezihlelwe ngokuvunguza. Isakhiwo sezithelo zikaphayinaphu sinjenge-cone.

Cishe zonke izilinganiso zinembewu eyodwa. Ungazibonela lokhu ngokubheka izithelo noma ngokuzisika zibe izicucu. Kodwa-ke, kungase kungabi nzuzo ukubandakanya isikhumba sembewu ngokwakho; kungcono futhi kulula ukuzithenga ezitolo ezikhethekile.

Indlela yokulungisa imbewu nenhlabathi yokutshala

Uma kunjalo wanquma ukukhulisa abantwana be-ananas enqolobaneni, khona-ke ama-droplets imbewu eluhlaza kufanele asuswe, agezwe ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate futhi asomile kahle. Futhi udinga indlela ekhethekile yokulungisa umhlabathi wokutshala i-ananas. Ukuhlwanyela, ishidi lomhlabathi, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat ngokulinganisela okulingana noma inhlabathi ye-coniferous inhle.

Iphinapple Seed Breeding Pattern

Uhlelo lokuzalanisa imbewu lulula. Imbewu ingcwatshwa emhlabathini ngamasentimitha amabili. Emva kokutshala, inhlabathi ithuliswa kakhulu, bese ihlanganiswa nge-foil noma cap. Izimbiza zembewu kufanele zifakwe endaweni efudumele. Okufanelekayo kunaninfo yikamelo lapho izinga lokushisa lizohlala khona ngo-20-25 ° C.

Kubalulekile! Ukushisa ekamelweni lapho uphayinaphu liyohlonywa khona kulommbila ngqo kuthinta ukukhula kwesitshalo. Uma ephakeme, ngokushesha imbewu izohluma. Isibonelo, ekushiseni kwama-30-35ºะก amahlumela angenza indlela yawo ezinsukwini ezingu-15-20.

Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi imbewu ayikhule ngendlela efanayo, futhi inqubo yokuhluma kwezinye zazo ingase ibaleke izinyanga eziyisikhombisa (noma ngaphezulu).

Indlela yokunakekela izitshalo

Izithombo zidinga ukunakekelwa njalo. Badinga ukuphuziswa, ukuvikelwa elangeni eliqondile futhi bakhonywe. Ukutshala kangcono kabili ngenyanga nge umanyolo okhethekile noma izinyoni ze-droppings (15-20 g ngalinye ilitha lamanzi). Njengoba ifilimu ikhula phezu kwezimbiza, kubalulekile ukuyivulela kancane ukuze amahlumela asetshenziselwe ukumisa umoya.

Ukusebenzisa i-outlet ephezulu yokuzalanisa

Indlela yokutshala i-ananasini kusuka kumbewu, sesivele sifunde. Manje cabangela indlela evamile yokukhiqiza - kusukela phezulu.

Indlela yokukhetha i-ananas yokuzalanisa

Ukuqaphela okukhethekile kufanele kuhokhwe ekuthengweni kwezithelo esitolo. Kumele kube okuvuthiwe, kodwa hhayi ngaphezulu-okuvuthiwe, futhi amaqabunga phezulu kufanele abe aluhlaza, aqinile, angenawo umonakalo nawo wonke izinhlobo zamachashazi.

Uyazi? Ungathola ukuthi i-ananas ivuthiwe ngokudonsa kancane kancane. Uma ebuyela ngokushesha esimweni sokuqala, kusho ukuthi izithelo ziphuze kakhulu.

Labo abasebenzisa le ndlela yokukhiqiza, banconywa ukuba bathenge izithelo ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa - ukuze kube nomphumela oqinisekisiwe.

Izindwangu zenqubo yokuqothula

I-outlet ephezulu ingahlukaniswa ngokuphikisana. Ukuze wenze lokhu, wonke amaqabunga kufanele abanjwe futhi aphenduke ngokubukhali. Kanye ne-outlet kuyofika isiqu esincane. Amahlamvu futhi ungakwazi ukumane uthathe ngommese, ngenkathi uthatha uginta oluthile.

Kubalulekile! Inyama kumele isuswe ngokucophelela esiqwini, kungenjalo ngisho noma inani elincane liwela emhlabathini, lokhu kuzoholela ezinkambisweni ezihlanzekile nokufa kwesitshalo.

Ngemuva kokuhlanza emaspini, kubalulekile ukusika phansi umqhele - kuze kube yimifino evezwayo (amachashazi amancane noma imibuthano ejikeleze umjikelezo we-stem). Zama ukungalimazi, ngoba ziyiziqalo zezimpande. Ungafafaza ucezu ngesikhumba esisebenzayo ukuvimbela inyama ukubola.

Sisusa amaqabunga aphansi ukuze i-trunk ihlale iphezulu ka-2-3 cm. Ngemva kokuhlanza, i-rosette ye-apical kumele imiswe izinsuku ezimbili, okuzovumela ukuthi izibazi zisemaphethelweni ezimpande futhi zigweme ukubola.

Ukuze izimpande zihlume zisebenzisa izindlela eziningana. Enye yezinto eziphumelela kakhulu ukuhluma emanzini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, isiqu 3-4 cm sigcoke ingilazi noma imbiza yamanzi.

Uyazi? Ezitsheni ezinemibala emnyama, izimpande zikhula ngokushesha.

Amanzi ashintshwe zonke izinsuku ezingu-2-3. Ukuze ufake endaweni, sebenzisa kuphela amanzi ahlukanisiwe ekamelweni lokushisa noma emfudumeni. Izimpahla ezinamahlumela kufanele zibekwe eceleni kwezingqikithi, ilanga eliqondile kanye nezinguquko zokushisa. Ukuze ukukhula okusheshayo kwezimpande, ungangeza "iKornevin" (1 g / 1 l amanzi) noma "iZircon" emanzini.

Emva kokuvela kwezimpande udinga ukunakekela lokho okudingayo umhlabathi we-ananasini. I-Rosette enezimpande zifakwa emhlabathini ngokubunjwa okulandelayo: Izingxenye ezintathu ze-sod land, 1 ingxenye yama-humus ne-1 ingxenye yesihlabathi. Izingxube ezenziwe okwenziwe "Cactus" ne "Bromeliad" zifanelekile ukutshala.

Ubukhulu bebhodini ububanzi kufanele buhambisane nobubanzi bomqhele wephezulu. Ngaphambi kokuba ugcwalise inhlabathi ezansi ebhodweni kufanele ubeke 2-3 cm amanzi. Tshala isokhethi phezulu enhlabathini bese ubeka ibhodlela endaweni ekhanyayo. Ukunciphisa kakhulu emhlabathini ebhodweni akukhuthazwa.

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Ananas

Ukunakekela i-ananasini ukuphuza okuvamile, ukubona nokudla. Ukunisela kufanele kube okulinganiselayo - inhlabathi kufanele ibe yimanzi, kodwa hhayi imanzi. Ukuqothula okugcwele kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwamaviki angu-6-8. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukutshala isitshalo akukhuthazwa.

Kubalulekile! Uma ubona ukubola phezu kwesitshalo noma inhlabathi, i-ananasini ayisekho. Kungcono ukuzama ukukhula ukuphela okusha.

Ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala zokuphila, amaqabunga endala eziqongweni azokufa, kanti intsha izokhula phakathi kwayo. Khona-ke amaqabunga owomile azodinga ukususwa. Ukunisela unyaka wonke kunconywa okungenani kanye ngesonto. Emva konyaka, i-ananas kufanele ifakwe embizeni enkulu. Ukugqoka okuphezulu ukukhiqiza izikhathi ezimbili ngenyanga kusuka ngoMeyi kuya ku-Agasti ngosizo lwe-nitrogen fertilizer kanye namanyolo we-bromeliads.

Imifino ingalindelwa iminyaka engu-3-4, lapho amaqabunga efinyelela ubude obungama-60 cm. Izimbali ze-Ananas zibukeka njengezilimo eziyizigaxa, lapho kuqhutshwa izimbali zishintsha umbala zingakapheli amasonto angu-1-2: kusukela obala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya kumnyama omnyama. Ngaphandle kwemibala ekhanyayo, ikamelo lakho phakathi nalesi sikhathi lizogcwaliswa ngendlavane encane ye-ananas.

Ngemuva kwalokho ingane iyakhiwa. Kusukela esikhathini sokuvuna kuya ekuvuthweni okugcwele kuthatha izinyanga ezingu-4-7. Izithelo zivame ukukhula ezincane - kufika ku-300 g, kepha zingafinyelela kilogram.

Ngemuva kokutshala izimbali zendodakazi. Uma i-ananasini ingaqhakazi, isuke ishintshwe njalo ngonyaka.

Njengoba i-ananasini isitshalo se-herbaceous, ifa ngemva kokuhluma. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ukuphela kungasondla abanini babo iminyaka emithathu. Ngokuvamile, ngesikhathi sokufa, abakwaSomandla sebevele sebehlwanyela ukuhlwanyela inqwaba yezingane ezinaninanese.

Uyazi? Uma i-phaphayinaphu ingaqhakazi isikhathi eside, ungazama ukusiza ukuyenza nge-stimulator yezimbali: Dissolve 1 ithisipuni ye-calcium carbide (ithengiswe ezakhiweni zokwakha ezitolo) ngo-0.5 amalitha amanzi. Nika isixazululo samahora angu-24 emgodini ovaliwe, bese uthele ama-50 ml kanye nosuku phakathi kwesonto "phezulu".

I-Ananas ingathinta izibungu zesicabucabu, i-mealybugs, izikali, ama-aphid kanye ne-phylloxera. Ukuze ukwelashwa, sebenzisa ukusula ngamanzi asozini bese ufafaza nge-Actellic (1-2 ml ilitha yamanzi).

Kunenye indlela yokukhulisa i-ananas kusukela phezulu. Ukunqunywa noma ukuphikisana okweqile amasonto amabili, mhlawumbe ushiya phansi, bese utshala ngokushesha emhlabathini. Pot uthathe encane. I-2 cm yamatshe amatshe kanye nodaka olwandisiwe kuthululwa phansi, i-peat ehlanganisiwe emhlabathini nomhlabathi wesigodi ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo.

Izinsuku ezimbili ngaphambi kokutshala, i-substrate kumele ikhutshazwe nge-disinfected ngamanzi abilayo. Okuphezulu kubhapathizwa emhlabathini kuze kube phansi kwamaqabunga bese uphethwe. Okudingekayo kule ndlela yokutshala ukumboza ibhodlela ngesikhwama seplastiki noma ibhodlela leplastiki.

Hlela ukufaka endaweni efudumele (25-27 ° C). Ebusika, ungafaka ibhethri, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi ufake ipuleti noma incwadi ngaphansi kwebhodlela. Izimpande zikaphayinaphu kufanele zenziwe ngaphakathi kwenyanga. Uma ngalesi sikhathi umhlaba ungena embizeni, kufanele uphuze amanzi ahlanzekile phakathi nosuku. Uma amaqabunga esomile kakhulu, kumele aphucwe. Ngemuva kokuqothula isikhwama noma ibhodlela lisuswa ebhodweni.

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-phaphapple side amahlumela kanye namahlumela asisekelo

I-cuttings cuttings, njengombuso, kwenzeka ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokuhluma. Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo kwezitho zemifino kwenziwa emva kokufinyelela ku-½ ubukhulu bomqhele womama, cishe u-15 cm.

Ukulungiselela kokutshala izinto

Ukuze ufake kabusha amahlumela wengane kanye nama-scions aphule kancane. Ngaphambi kokutshala, zigcinwa izinsuku ezingu-4-7. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ipulagi le-tissue liyakhiwa endaweni yokunqunywa, okuzokwenza ukuthi kusindiswe amabhaktheriya nokubola. I-cuttings eyomile egumbini elimnyama ekamelweni lokushisa endaweni yokumiswa okwesikhashana ishiya phansi.

Indlela yokuqeda ukusika

I-ananasplex scion ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza ingaphila ngaphandle kwamanzi izinyanga ezimbalwa. Uma izibazi ezikwehla ziphulukisiwe, zingaba yimpuphu ngamalahle futhi zitshalwe ebhodweni lokuqothula.

Ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi okuphakanyisiwe: umhlabathi oqhekekileyo, umhlabathi ohlaza, ugibele i-peat, i-birch sawdust, isihlabathi (3: 2: 2: 2: 1). Ngosuku ngaphambi kokutshala, kuyadingeka ukuba usilondoloze i-disinfection - ingxube noma uthule amanzi abilayo kuso. Ukusika kuhlwanyelwe ebhodweni ngamanzi kuya ku-2.5-3 cm ejulile. Ibhodlela limbozwe ngesikhwama seplastiki, ipulasitiki noma ingilazi.

Izici ukunakekelwa kwezicucu

Izici ukunakekelwa kwezicucu zifana nokuqothulwa kwendlela ye-apical "ngqo emhlabathini." Izitshalo ziphikisana ngokukhanya kwelanga ngokuqondile futhi ukuchelela ngokweqile, kunconywa ukushisa nokushisa okushisayo. Ukuqothula kufanele kube khona ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5, njengoba kuboniswa ukubonakala kwamaqabunga amancane.

Manje uyazi ukuthi ungakhula kanjani i-ananas embizeni, futhi ungazama ukukwenza ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, kufanele uqonde ukuthi uzokhula kuphela isitshalo sokuhlobisa, futhi uma isithelo senziwa kuso, kuyoba ibhonasi enhle kuwe.