Ukuthenga noma ukungathengi i-greenhouse ngumbuzo wokuqala abanikazi abajabulayo bamahektare abalulekile abazibuza. Futhi iningi lazo liphendula kahle: akungabazeki ngesidingo salesi sakhiwo.
Futhi lapha abalimi babhekene nenkinga entsha. Yeka kanjani ukuthi ungalahlekelwa ngobuningi bamamodeli, izakhiwo kanye nezinto ezakhiwa yizimboni zanamuhla? Yeka ukuthi ungadumala kanjani emva kokuthenga?
Ukukhetha ukushisa okushisayo
Abakhiqizi bahlukanisa izakhiwo zokushisa ngokusho kwemingcele eminingana:
- Usayizi wokushisa;
- Uhlobo lwezinto zokuhlanganisa;
- Yini eyenza ifreyimu nomklamo wayo;
- Izidingo eziyisisekelo;
- Indawo ewusizo yokushisa;
- Ukusebenza (ukushayela, isistimu yokunisela yokuzenzekelayo, kungenzeka ukushisa inhlabathi).
Kuzo, futhi kufanele ugxile lapho ukhetha:
Usayizi wokushisa
Lapha, hhayi kuphela indawo yesayithi kuyoba isinqumo esinqunyiwe, kepha futhi yiziphi izitshalo ezihlelwe ukuthi zikhule. I-greenhouse kufanele ibe yinde kakhulu futhi ivulekile.
Ukuklama kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo kulula: izinto ezivumela ukukhanya kwelanga zifakwe kuhlaka. Kodwa kulezi zinsika ezimbili ukuthi impumelelo yensimu izoqhubeka.
Kuphela ngokusondela kumbuzo wokukhetha ifreyimu nokuhlanganisa impahla ngokucophelela, ingabe ungakwazi ukugwema ukudumala okujulile ngokuthenga.
Ukumboza impahla
Imelelwe emakethe ngezikhundla ezine:
- ifilimu yeplastiki;
- i-spunbond;
- ingilazi;
- i-polycarbonate.
Ifilimu ye-polyethylene impahla engabizi kakhulu. I-Minus eyodwa-fragility. Uma izinhlelo zokuqhuba i-greenhouse eyodwa isizini, ifilimu iyoba yisinqumo esihle. 
Ulahlekelwa kahle imisebe ye-ultraviolet. Ubuningi obuvela kumamitha angu-100 ukuya kwangu-150 buqinisekisa ukuvikelwa okuthembekile kwezitshalo kusuka emaqanda okukhanya. Kulula ukufaka kunoma yiluphi uhlaka.
Kungcono ukuthenga ifilimu eqinisekisiwe. Ubekezelela isivunguvungu somoya, akesabi isichotho. Ifilimu eqinisekisiwe ivikela izitshalo kusuka ku-frost. Kuzohlala izinkathi eziningana.
Spunbond - Izinto ezimhlophe eziluhlaza kuze kube yamuva zasetshenziselwa ukuhlalisa izitshalo ngqo emibhedeni.
Abakhiqizi banamuhla baye banikeza izakhamuzi zasehlobo intsha - iSpunbond-60. Le agrofibre enamandla isetshenziselwa ukumboza ifreyimu yokushisa. Ihambisa ukukhanya okwanele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ivikela izitshalo ekushiseni kwelanga. I-Spanbond ayesabi izinguquko zokushisa, imelana namaqhwa aqinile.
I-Condensate ayitholi emshini wokushisa, ehlanganiswe i-spandbond. I-tovas ingafakwa ngesitoreji esifuna. Izakhiwo ezivela kuso azilahlekile.
I-Glass ihlala enye yezinto ezithandwayo. Iyanamathela kumswakama futhi idlulisela kufika kuma-85% welanga. Kulula ukuhlanza. Akukhipha izinto eziyingozi ngisho nokushisa okuqinile.
Impendulo engathí sina yinkinga yezidingo zokufaka. Uhlaka kumele lube lukhuni ikakhulukazi, ingilazi yindlala. Qinisekisa ukuthi usebenzisa izimpawu. Noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kwefreyimu kuyoholela ekuqhekekeni kweglasi.
Okubalulekile kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kudinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela. Thola ekuthengiseni lezo zindawo zokugcina izithombo akulula.
I-Polycarbonate yeselula - i-plastic polymer ehlala njalo. Iqukethe izingqimba ezimbili, phakathi kwalapho kunezikhala ezinomoya. Ukubaluleka kuya endaweni yokuqala. Lezi zinto zine-transmittance elula kancane kancane kunelaseglasi. Kodwa usasabalalisa kangcono ukukhanya kwelanga, okuyinto ethinta kahle ukuvikelwa kwezitshalo ekushiseni ilanga.
I-Polycarbonate ilula futhi inamandla kunengilazi. Uhlukanisa ukuchithwa kwe-polycarbonate nokuphezulu okushisa. Kufezwa ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Uma ufaka isimiso sokushisa, i-greenhouse ingasetshenziswa unyaka wonke.
Okufanele ubheke:
Ubukhulu beshidi. Kuboniswa ngesisekelo sezinto ezikuloluhlaka. Okukhethwa kukho okungcono 4-6 mm. Ishidi elincane libonisa izinga eliphansi. Kungase kuphule ngaphansi kwengcindezi yeqhwa.
Isisindo Ekhasini elijwayelekile, kufanele libe okungenani u-9 kg.
KUBALULEKILE: Isisindo esincane asiyona into engacacile yalokho okushiwo, njengoba abakhiqizi abangenangqondo bazama ukukholisa. Ukhuluma ngobukhona ekwakhiweni kwenani elikhulu lezinto zokugcina eziphezulu. Ukungcola okungeziwe kunganciphisi nje ukunciphisa ubukhulu bomkhiqizo, kodwa kungabuye kuveze iphunga elimnandi ekushiseni kwehlobo.
Ukuba khona kokumaketha okukhomba izinhlangothi zangaphandle nezingaphakathi. Lo mbuzo akufanele unganakwa. Iqiniso liwukuthi ukugqoka okukhethekile okuvikela emisebeni ye-ultraviolet kusetshenziselwa eceleni kwephepha le polycarbonate. Uma ukufaka kufaka hlangana uhlangothi lwangaphakathi nangaphandle, i-greenhouse ayiyikufeza injongo yayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izohluleka ngokushesha.
KUBALULEKILE: Uma umthengisi eqinisekisa ukuthi izingxenye ezivikelayo azifakiwe emkhathini, kodwa zengezwa ngokuqondile epulasitiki, ziyeke ukuthenga. I-polycarbonate enjalo izowa ngokushesha. Isigqoko esiphakeme sinefilimu evikelayo ngaphandle, lapho oxhumana nabo aboniswa khona.
Uhlaka
Uma ungagcina ngokumboza izinto, khona-ke izidingo eziphakeme kakhulu kufanele zifakwe kuhlaka.
Yilokho okwenzeka lapho ukhetho phakathi kwekhwalithi kanye nentengo kufanele lunikezwe kuqala kuqala.
Ama-pipropylene amapayipi. Lolu khetho lungase lube yisinqumo esihle uma ukushisa okushisa akuyona isakhiwo esihlala njalo.
Izinzuzo zesikhwama se-polypropylene tube ngesikhathi esisodwa sinokungalungi.
- Ukunethezeka kokuqukethwe. Umklamo oqediwe, uma kunesidingo, ungadluliselwa kwenye indawo. Lokhu kungenziwa kuphela ngumnikazi wendlu, kodwa futhi ngomoya oqinile. I-greenhouse ehamba ngezinyawo emhlabeni wonke izokulahlekelwa ngokushesha ifomu lokuqala. Ukubuyisela isakhiwo ephukile kunzima.
- Ukufakwa okulula. Kulula ukuhlanganisa i-greenhouse ngokwakho. Zonke izingxenye ze-greenhouse zihlanganiswe kanye nezigqoko ezikhethekile. Kodwa lo msebenzi udinga ukunakekelwa okukhulu. Amacala avame ukuphazamiseka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elikhulu lezingxenye linciphisa ukuqina komhlaka.
- Ungenza ngaphandle kwesisekelo. Ama-tubes asePlastiki ayesabi uketshezi, isikhunta noma i-fungus. Uhlaka olunjalo luzohlala iminyaka eminingi. Kodwa ipulasitiki ayibekezelele ukushisa kwehla. Ukushisa kuyodingeka kuhlanzwe ubusika.
Metal Amafolda anjalo aphakanyiswa kakhulu emakethe. Yiklamo enokwethenjelwa, ehlala njalo futhi ehlala njalo. Kodwa kunamaphutha lapha futhi.
Cwaninga ngokucophelela ukuthi yisiphi isimbi esenziwe kuhlaka.
Iphrofayela ye-galvanized steel ukhangwa yisilinganiso eshibhile. Kulula ukusebenza futhi akusikali. Izindonga zephrofayela ngokuvamile zilula, kufika ku-1 mm obukhulu. Ngakho-ke, uhlaka lwalo alufanelekile ukumboza izinto ezinzima. Ngokuvamile, lezi zindawo zokugcina izithombo azikwazi ukulwa nemimoya eqinile. Imithwalo yeqhwa iyabhubhisa nabo. Emaphethelweni wephrofayili abukhali kakhulu. Lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe uma ifilimu yepulasitiki isetshenziswa.
Ethembekile kakhulu, kodwa futhi ebiza kakhulu, ipayipi yephrofayela eyenziwe ngensimbi egxiliwe. Le ndaba ihlala isikhathi eside, ingakwazi ukumelana nemithwalo esindayo. I-Galvanization izosindisa ekugqibeni.
KUBALULEKILE: Yeka ukuthenga uma uthola ama-weld uma uhlola ifreyimu. Ngisho noma i-qualitatively idwetshiwe ngesiliva. Lezi zindawo zizoba ngokushesha. Abakhiqizi abalungile baxhuma izingxenye ndawonye "emagumbini" nezinye izakhi.
Iphrofayela ye-square square ngaphandle kokugxilisa, ukumelana nengilazi esindayo nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-polycarbonate. Le ndaba ihlala njalo futhi ayidingi izakhiwo ezengeziwe zokuqinisa. Iphrofayela yensimbi iboshwe nge koqweqwe lwawo. Kodwa isilinganiso esinjalo sisindisa ekubhubheni kabi. Ihlaka lilokhu lisa. Okukhiphayo ekuklanyeni ukwelashwa okuvamile kokulwa nokubhula.
Iphrofayela ye-Aluminium - impahla enhle yefreyimu. Kuyinto enamandla, ayiwi phansi ngaphansi kwethonya lezici zangaphandle. Naphezu kokukhanya kwayo, ukwakhiwa kwe-aluminium kuqinile kakhulu.
Ngisho ingilazi enzima ingathintwa kuso. Ukunciphisa okubalulekile - intengo ephezulu.
Amandla okushisa
Amandla wefreyimu kanye nesembozo se-greenhouse ikakhulukazi kuncike ebangeni eliphakathi kwama-arcs. Ikakhulukazi uma i-greenhouse izoba isakhiwo esihleliwe. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi lesi sibalo asidluli ku-75 cm. Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-arc kuyodingeka iqiniseke.
Ukuphumula
Ngaphandle kwama-arcs namajoyini okuwela, ifreyimu ihlanganisa iminyango kanye ne-transoms. Kungcono ukhethe i-greenhouse, lapho iminyango itholakala ngakwesokunxele nangamafasitela ohlangothini. Ilungiselelo elinjalo lizokwenza ithuba lokuphuthuma ngokushesha ukushisa.
Ezinguqulweni ezibiza kakhulu zokugcina izithombo zihanjiswa ngamaphakheji e-hydraulic evulekile futhi azivale, kuye ngokuthi izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi egumbini.
Ukuzikhethela kuxhomeke ekutheni okuthandwa nguwe nomthengi. Into esemqoka ukuthi lesi sakhiwo sasinomoya wokuphuza umoya. Ukuphuza umoya okunamandla ngeke kukhulise kuphela isivuno, kodwa futhi kwandise impilo yomsebenzi.
Ifomu
Imakethe inikeza izithombo zokugcina ezenziwe ngomumo ezinhlobonhlobo ezimbili: i-arched and gable "izindlu". Ukuma kwe-greenhouse kubalulekile hhayi kuphela ngokwemigomo ye-aesthetics.
Kuhlelwe ukuma kuhle ngoba kuvulekile. Inendawo yokushisa engaphezulu. Ebusika, iqhwa alitheli phezu kophahla, okusho ukucindezeleka okuncane esakhiweni. Kungenzeka ukufaka izigaba ezengeziwe.
Ukushisa okuvamile - "indlu" kulula ukukhuphuka. Kulula ukufaka inombolo edingekayo yezimoto. Imininingwane engeziwe etholakalayo yokukhosela. Ikhono lokufaka izakhiwo zangaphakathi ezengeziwe (amashalofu, ama-rack).
Izincomo
Ukufaka i-greenhouse eqediwe kungaba inkinga enkulu. Kungcono ukuyixazulula kusengaphambili.
Izitshalo zokugcina izithombo ezinenani elincani lezici ezakhiwe (i-arched form) kulula ukuhlangana nawe. Ukubeka izindawo zokugcina izithombo nge polycarbonate kungcono ukunikeza ochwepheshe.
Izixazululo zobunjiniyela ezinikezwa abakhiqizi abamba ukushisa zizosiza futhi:
- Kudingeka uhlelo lokunisela okuzenzakalelayo uma kungenakwenzeka ukuvakashela izwe nsuku zonke.
- Ukushisa kagesi komhlabathi kuzothuthukisa isivuno futhi kulondoloze izitshalo kusuka efrijini.
Okukhethwayo kwenziwa - kuphi ukuthenga i-greenhouse?
Yiqiniso, ezitolo ezikhethekile, uma ungafuni ukugibela ezimpahla eziphansi!
Okuthandayo kungcono ukunikeza abakhiqizi abakhulu. Kunezincazelo eziningi zalokhu.
Amafemu agxile ekwakhiweni kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo, anesithakazelo kwikhwalithi yezimpahla futhi asungula isikhathi sewaranti. Kungaba iminyaka emihlanu.
KUBALULEKILE: Uma uthenga, cela amacala ewaranti. Umkhiqizi uvame ukuthembisa ukufaka esikhundleni sefreyimu uma kubonakaliswe ngenxa yezinto zangaphandle (umoya, iqhwa). Kodwa into elandelayo yiluhlu lonke lwezimo lapho iwaranti ingakhanselwa.
Abathengisi bezimpahla bakuthola kulula ukuthola lonke ulwazi ngezici zokuklama zendawo ethile yokushisa.
Abakhiqizi abakhulu abanesithakazelo ekuxabaneni namakhasimende. Bazozama ukuxazulula noma yimiphi imibuzo ngokushesha, ngokuvamile ethanda umthengi.
Isithombe
Khona-ke ungabuka izithombe zendawo zokugcina zokugcina:
