Abalimi abaningi bezimbali eqoqweni labo lezitshalo zasendlini bafaka phakathi i-garevia (lat. Clivia) - i-herbaceous herbaceous perennial ehlala njalo yomndeni wakwa-Amaryllis.
Imvelaphi nokubukeka
Imbali yaseClivia ivela eNingizimu Afrika.
UClivia embizeni
Lesi sitshalo sifinyelela ukuphakama okungama-60 cm, sinamaqabunga e-typeworm lesikhumba akhula ngabalandeli abavela kwi-basal rosette, asikho isiqu sangempela (ezinye izinhlobo zinesiqu esifushane esingamanga). Isici esiyinhloko se-squvia uhlelo lwaso lwezimpande: siyindlela yokuguqula ukusuka ku-rhizome iye ku-bulb.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kukhiqiza i-peduncle, lapho kufakwa khona izimbali ezimise okomshini ongama-50 ngendlela yesambulela. Izinhlobo ezingama-6-7 zalesi sitshalo ziyaziwa, abafuyi bezitshalo basebenza ekudalweni kwezinhlobo ezintsha.
Kubalulekile! Akubona bonke abatshali bezimbali abaziyo ukuthi i-squvia sap ne-rhizome ezinobuthi futhi kungadala (ngaphandle kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza, ukuswatha, nokuphazamiseka esiswini) ukukhubazeka noma ukuwa.
Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu ze-khungu
Clivia Gardena
Lat. ICliviagardenii endaweni yemvelo isatshalaliswa eTransvaal (South Africa). Ezimweni zasendlini zivame ukukhula kube ngama-50 cm ukuphakama, amaqabunga amade, aze afike ku-4 cm ububanzi. Ebusika, kukhiqiza i-peduncle engafika kwengxenye yemitha ubude, okuhlala kuyo izimbali eziyi-10-15 ezimise okwensimbi.
IClivia yinhle
Lat. IClivianobilis ivela eCape of South Africa. Ihluka kwezinye izinhlobo ukuphakama okuncane (kuze kufike ku-30 cm), ama-xiphoid asuka kububanzi obuyi-6 cm .Phakamisa kuze kube yi-50 cm ngezimbali ezingamatshumi amahlanu ezimise okwenziwe ngombala wewolintshi noma okhanyayo wepinki.
Clivia cinnabar
Lat. ICliviaminiata, amanye amagama - iVinota cinnabar neClivia Miniata, okuyindawo azalelwa kuyo - isifundazwe saseNatal (South Africa). Ifinyelela kuhafu wemitha ukuphakama, amaqabunga abunjiwe ngebhande kusuka 3 kuya ku-6 cm ububanzi.
Clivia miniat
Ukusuka ngoFebhuwari kuya kuMeyi, kuvuleke umqhele wamasentimitha angama-50 umqhele wezimbali ezibomvu ezi-15-20 ezimibalabala.
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya eClivia akudingi amakhono akhethekile avela kumnikazi.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukuze ubukeke kahle, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ama-dikarvia adinga ukugqokwa njalo okuphezulu. Baqala ukubenza kakade ngonyaka wokuqala wempilo kanye njalo emavikini amabili (ukushintshana ngomanyolo we-organic kanye namaminerali).
Isitshalo esidala sondliwa kuphela ngenkathi yezimbali.
Kubalulekile! Izimbali zeNitrogen ezihlehlisa ukuqhakaza, i-potassium, kunalokho, ingadala ukuqhakaza kakhulu.
Indawo nokukhanyisa
Ibhodwe eline-khungu lingabekwa kahle emafasiteleni asempumalanga noma entshonalanga yendlu futhi liyinike indawo eyanele. Ngasohlangothini olusenyakatho, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukugqanyiswa; emafasiteleni aseningizimu, ama -viaga udinga umthunzi omncane.
Ukunisela
Ukungena kwamanzi kwenhlabathi kuthinta kabi isitshalo. Ngakho-ke, iniselwa kuphela emva kokuba inhlabathi eyomile ebhodweni, umswakama owedlulele osuka epanini ususwe ngokushesha. Ukuqina ngokweqile komswakama kungadala ukubola kwezimpande.
Nakani! Ngokunisela sebenzisa amanzi athambile ngaphandle kwe-chlorine efudumele ngama degree amathathu kuya kwamane kunokushisa kwegumbi.
IClivia ayidingi umswakama omningi (40-50% yanele), kepha uthuli olunqwabelene ngamaqabunga lubuthinta kabi imbali.
Isikhathi sokuphumula
IClivia kufanele iqhume, bese isika i-peduncle bese ishiya isitshalo sodwa izinsuku ezingama-80-90. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukugqokwa phezulu kuyamiswa, ukuthambisa kwenziwa isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku eziyi-10-12, izinga lokushisa lomoya liyancishiswa namandla okukhanya ancishisiwe.
Ekupheleni kwenkathi ye-"hibernation", lesi sitshalo sibuyiselwa endaweni yaso ejwayelekile, njengoba sesihlelile ukuthi isishawa esifudumele ngaphambi kwaso, siyondliwa futhi siniselwe ngokwanele.
Kubalulekile! Isikhathi sokuphumula kumele simiswe ngesikhathi, ngaphandle kwalokho i-peduncle izokhula ibe yisigwegwe futhi ibe buthaka.
Ubunzima obukhulayo
IClivia iyimbali engenakukhathazeka, ukunakekelwa kwayo kulula, kuhlaselwa izifo nezinambuzane eziningi.
Isifo
Imbangela yezindawo ezinsundu emaqabunga ukushiswa yilanga, kungcono ukufihla isitshalo.
Ukujikeleza noma ukwakheka onsundu emathiphuni amaqabunga kukhombisa ukulimala ezimpandeni ngesikhathi sokufakelwa noma umswakama ngokweqile.
Isitshalo esinezifo
Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukuchelela kuyamiswa kuze kube yilapho inhlabathi esembizeni isomile ngokuphelele.
Izinambuzane
E-squvia, ukuvela kwezihlangu noma ama-mealybugs kungenzeka.
Izimpawu zothando nesibanda:
- ukugoqa okunamathelayo emaqabungeni,
- ukubonakala kwamabala amnyama wokukhula (izimuncagazi ezindala).
Isikhubekiso sisuswa ngomshini (izinambuzane ziyahlanzwa nge-swab yesepha) bese lesi sitshalo siphathwa ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane.
I-mealybug ibonakala ngokuvela kovimba obumhlophe, obunjengokotini nobovu emafwini. I-colony encane yama-parasites isuswa ngomshini nge-swab ye-gauze emanzi.
Isihlangu
Amakoloni amaningi abhujiswa ukufafaza ngesonto ngalinye ngama-insecticides.
Izinkinga ze-Leaf
Amaqabunga angavela aphuzi lapho:
- inqubo yemvelo yokubuyisela amaqabunga amadala esikhundleni esisha;
- Ukunisela okunganele noma okuningi kakhulu;
- ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo.
Kungani i-vipvia ingaqhakaza
Abanye abalimi, eminyakeni eminingana emva kokutshala, bazibuze: ama-vipvia akaqhakaza, ukuthi enzeni kuleli cala.
Ukuqhakaza kwesitshalo esidala kuvinjelwa ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo noma ukuntuleka kokulala, okumele kuhlelwe ekwindla nasebusika.
Ukudlulisela lesi sitshalo ebhodweni elikhulu kakhulu nakho kuyimpendulo yombuzo wokuthi kungani ama -viavia engaqhakaza, ngoba wonke amabutho aqala ukugcwalisa imbiza ngezimpande.
Kubalulekile! Kusukela ngesikhathi sokusika isiqu sezimbali, i-garevia ayisuswa endaweni nezindawo futhi ibhodwe alijikeleki - isenzo esinjalo sinciphisa isikhathi sezimbali futhi sinciphise inani lezimbali.
Kwesinye isikhathi kuphakama umbuzo: amaqembu, ukunakekelwa kahle ekhaya, kungani kungaqhakaza ngeminyaka engu-2-3 yokuphila. Kulesi simo, kuhlelwa isikhathi sokumiswa kwakhe: lesi sitshalo sigcinwa izinsuku ezingama-20 kuya kwengama-30 ubudala endaweni engenakhanya endaweni yokushisa eyi-15-16 0 С.
Izindlela zokuzala
Akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo ama-squvia, nokuthi avela kanjani. Ukuzala kungenzeka, kokubili ngembewu nangamahlumela we-lateral (izingane).
Lapho udlulisa isitshalo esidala, amahlumela akamuva anezimpande eziningana anqunywa ngokucophelela kuwo. Izilayi zifafazwe ngofulawa wamalahle oluyimpuphu. Izimpande zomiswa imizuzu engama-30, bese zidluliselwa ebhodweni elincane. Nakekela, kanye nesitshalo esidala, kepha izinga lokushisa lomoya ligcinwa kumazinga angama-1-2 ngaphezulu futhi linisele kancane ngokuqinile. Ama-squvia amancane abekwe endaweni enamabala akhanyayo, lapho kungekho khona ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo.
Ukutshala imbewu
Imbewu zaseClivia ziyatholakala noma zikhule zodwa.
Kubalulekile! Imbewu imila kuphela uma ihlwanyelwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvunwa. Ukugcinwa kwembewu kunciphisa kakhulu ukuhluma kwazo.
Inqubo yokutshala:
- 1) Cwilisa imbewu eqoqwe usuku ngaphambi kokuvuvukala.
- 2) Imbewu evuvukayo ihlwanyelwa kude ne-2 cm kwinhlanganisela ye-peat-perlite. I-Perlite ingathathelwa indawo ngesihlabathi noma ngefudu.
- 3) Isitsha sivaliwe ngefilimu noma imbiza yengilazi ukudala umphumela wegreenhouse.
- 4) I-mini-greenhouse ingena umoya nsuku zonke okungenani imizuzu eyi-10, inisele inhlabathi njengoba isomile.
- 5) Ngemuva kokuvela kwalelihlamvu, izithombo zidinga ukutshalwa emabhodweni amancanyana.
- 6) Benze i-transshipment yonyaka ezitsheni ezinkulu.
Ukuhlwanyela Imbewu yeClivia
Kungenzeka ukusabalalisa ngembewu, kepha izitshalo ezinjalo ziyaqhakaza kuphela iminyaka engu-4-6 yokuphila.
Imithetho yokugibela kanye nokufakelwa
IClivia ithanda inhlabathi evundile eno-humus.
Inhlabathi ithengwa eyenziwe ngomumo noma yakhiwa ngokuzimela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlanganisa:
- Ingxenye engu-peat,
- 1 ingxenye humus,
- 2 izingxenye zomhlaba we-turf.
Inhlabathi ihlanjululwe nge-perlite, vermiculite noma nesihlabathi esigeziwe. Umhlabathi olungiselelwe awuthanjisiwe, ngoba ingxube eyomile ingena kangcono kuma-voids phakathi kwezimpande.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi iyabulala amagciwane.
Abanye abalimi batshala i-dikarvia enhlabathini yama-orchid. Ngokusho kwabo, lokhu kufaka umoya omncane ekufakweni kohlelo lwezimpande futhi kukhuthaza ukukhula nezimbali.
Ukufakwa kwesitshalo kwabadala kungasondela ekuqaleni kwenkathi yokuwa.
Ukudluliselwa kweClivia
Ungashintsha kanjani amaqembu:
- Kukhethwe ibhodwe lepulasitiki noma lobumba lobumba be-conical nosayizi owanele.
- Thela ungqimba lwamanzi amatshe amancane, ubumba olwandisiwe noma izitini eziphukile phansi kwethangi. Ukuphakama kwesendlalelo kuya ngosayizi wesitsha (imvamisa 1-3 cm). Thela ungqimba oluncane lomhlaba osulungile.
- Hlikihla inhlabathi ngaphansi kwesitshalo bese ususa ngokucophelela izimpande kanye nenhlabathi endala.
- Uma ukwenziwa kwe-transshipment kwenziwa, khona-ke inhlama yobumba ifakwa esitsheni esisha bese ifafazwa ngenhlabathi entsha.
- Lapho ufakelwa, inhlabathi endala iyanyakaziswa, izimpande zihlolwe ngokucophelela, uma kunesidingo, ezonakalisiwe ziyasuswa. Ungahlukanisa izingane uma ziqine ngokwanele (zinamaqabunga angama-4-5 angapheli). Izingcezu ezimpandeni zifafazwa ngofulawa wamalahle oluyimpuphu, khona-ke kufanele zome imizuzu engama-30.
- Faka izimpande ebhodweni bese uzigcwalisa ngenhlabathi ukuze inhlabathi ingambozi isisekelo samaqabunga.
- Nisela isitshalo, ususe umswakama ngokweqile epanini bese uwushiya usendaweni efanelekile yokusinda esikhathini esomile.
Abatshali abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ukuthi kudluliselwe kwesinye isikhathi i-garevia eyi-1 ngeminyaka engu-2-4.
IClivia imbali engatheneki, ukuyinakekela kulula.
