Ama-eggplant anzima ukungawuthandi, kodwa ukuzikhulisa kungaba nzima kakhulu.
Ikakhulukazi, uma isimo sezulu singavumeli.
Kodwa uyindoda yokuphikisana nemvelo ngokwayo futhi ivele nezinhlobo ze-eggplants ze-hybrid, ngisho nokukhula esifundeni saseMoscow.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, namuhla kunenqwaba yezinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo, futhi ngamunye wabo angaziqhayisa ngezakhiwo zayo ezikhethekile, isivuno noma ezinye izimfanelo, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukukhetha omunye wabo.
Incazelo elandelayo yohlu oluvame kakhulu, sizokusiza ukuba unqume ngale nkinga enzima, futhi ufundise ukukhula ekhaya.
Isitshalo seqanda esifundeni saseMoscow: yiziphi izici nezidingo zezici?
Lesi siko singenye ye-thermophilic kakhulu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kukholakala ukuthi ukukhulela esifundeni saseMoscow akunakwenzeka, njengoba isikhathi sokukhula sesitshalo sinezinsuku ezingaba ngu-110.
Kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, ama-eggplants akwazi ukuvumelanisa ngisho nezimo zeSiberia esinzima, futhi izakhamuzi zakhona zijabulela izithelo ezinhle kakhulu.
Futhi nakuba kungenzeka ukuba sikhulume lesi sitshalo ezindaweni ezinjalo ngendlela yokutshala, akunzima kakhulu ukwenza njengoba kungase kubonakale ekuqaleni.
Ngokuqondene nezinhlobo ze-hybrid zaseMoscow, zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili: zakuqala naphakathi nonyaka.
Kamuva isifunda kungcono ukungayisebenzisi, ngoba, ezingavuthi ngokugcwele, zingonakaliswa amaqhwa ekwindla yokuqala.
Izinhlobo zokuvuthwa zakuqala zama-eggplants esifundeni saseMoscow: zijwayele ukuhamba kahle kakhulu
Isitshalo seqanda "Giselle F1": ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu nokuhlelwa kwemikhumbi
Nakani le ndlela ye-hybrid ye-isitshalo seqanda kuphela ngenxa izithelo eziphezulu.
Ngokuyinhloko, lapho ukhulisa izitshalo emhlabathini ovulekile, indawo engama-1m2 ngaphandle kwezinkinga ingaqoqa kusuka ku-7 kuya ku-9 kilogram yezithelo ezivuthiwe kahle. Futhi uma ukhula izitshalo endaweni yokushisa endaweni efanayo ungajabulisa inani lezithelo ngo 14-16 kilogram. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindawo zefomu le-hybrid zivumela ukuba zikhule ndawonye kokubili isimo sezulu saseMoldova nase-Ukraine, nasesifundazweni saseRussia saseMoscow.
Ukuhlwanyela kwembewu kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe kule ndawo kakade phakathi kukaMashi, okuzovumela ukuhlwanyela izithombo kusukela ngoMeyi 25 kuya kuJuni 10.
Izithelo, njengezinhlobonhlobo ze-isitshalo seqanda, zihluka ngokubomvu okomnyama, cishe umbala omnyama wesikhumba. Ngokwesilinganiso, ubude besithelo esisodwa singafinyelela ngamasentimitha angu-25, ububanzi bengu-7.
Ukuma kwe-cylindrical ngaphandle. Lezi zitshalo ze-eggplants zithanda inyama yazo emhlophe ngokuthakazelisa kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yesisindo esiningi, okungenani ngesilinganiso singahluka kusuka ku-300 kuya ku-500 amagremu.
Ngokuqondene nenhloso yezithelo ngokwayo, le fomu hybrid ayinakho ukulinganiselwa: kulungele kahle ukulungiselela noma yiluphi uhlobo lokudla kanye nokumisa.
Okubaluleke kakhulu kufanelekile Isitshalo seqanda "Giselle F1":
- Isitshalo seqanda esisezingeni eliphezulu, esilungele ukwakhiwa okubanzi, ukukhula ezinsukwini ezingu-107-117.
- Impahla ephakeme kanye nekhwalithi yokunambitheka yezithelo, kanye nezinkathi zokugcina zesitoreji esisha.
- I-kungenzeka yokukhula i-hybrid ngendlela yokushisa, nasemhlabathini ovulekile.
- Usayizi ohlangene wesitshalo ngokwawo: kuze kube ngamasentimitha angama-120 ephelele, cishe ngaphandle kwamameva ezinkomishi.
Njengeminye imikhiqizo yalesi sitshalo, i-Giselle F1 inenkinga eminingi yokulima, ngoba idinga ukugcina zonke izici ezidingekayo zobuchwepheshe bezolimo. Futhi, ukuthola izithelo eziphezulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukondla izitshalo njalo futhi ukhulule umhlabathilapho batshalwe khona.
Uhlaza okhanyayo "u-Alenka" - isitshalo seqanda esingavamile sokunambitheka okukhulu
Ukutshala lezi zitshalo ze-eggplants kuyakudingeka ngempela, hhayi nje ngoba lezi zihlukahlukene zihluke kakhulu kwabanye bonke embala wesikhumba saso. Ngemuva kwalokho, izithelo ezivela kahle kakhulu.
Uma usebenzisa uhlelo lwama-60 amentimitha angama-30 (okungukuthi, izitshalo ezifika ku-4 kuya ku-1 m2), isivuno sezithelo kusuka ku-1 m2 singafinyelela ku-7.5 kilogram. Izimo ezilula ezimweni esifundeni saseMoscow akunciphisi isivuno sonke salolu hlobo.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kunconywa ngoFebhuwari Mashi, okuzovumela ukuthi uthole isivuno esishesha kakhulu.
Okokuqala, kufanele uqaphele umbala obala obala wesikhumba salawa maqabunga. Mhlawumbe ngesizathu esifanayo, inyama yabo iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi ingabi mhlophe njengezinhlobo eziningi. Ubude besithelo esisodwa ngokwesilinganiso cishe ngamasentimitha angu-15, ngesisindo sezingu-325 amagremu.
Kuhle kakhulu ukupheka nokugaya, ingahlanganiswa nezinye izinhlobo.
Kancane kancane izinzuzo ezihlukahlukene ezichazwe:
- Imibhalo yokuqala yokuvuthwa (inkathi ekhulayo ingapheli izinsuku ezingama-108), okuvumela ukuba ukhule ezihlukahlukene ngisho nasenyakatho encane yesifunda saseMoscow.
- Ukubukeka okungavamile nokukhangayo okuhle kwesithelo.
- Ukungabi nameva ezindebe.
Lokhu kuhloswe kufanele kubonwe njengesiko lokubamba ukushisa, ngoba emasimini ikhwalithi kanye nobukhulu bezithelo zinganconywa kakhulu. Emva kwakho konke, okufanayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ama-eggplants akhiqizwa kakhulu, ahlala ezitshalweni eziseningizimu ezisithandayo.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda ngezinhlobo zezitshalo zeqanda ezivulekile.
I-Hybrid grade-yielding grade "Agat F1"
Isihlahla sesitshalo seqanda kulezi ezihlukahlukene siwubukhulu obuphakathi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, futhi izibalo zaso sonke isivuno siyancipha kunezo izinhlobonhlobo ezichazwe ngenhla, futhi ziyi-6.8 kilograms ngemitha yesikwele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubuningi bemifula nge-1m2 akumele kudlule izitshalo eziyisithupha.
Lesi sitshalo seqanda silungele ngokugcwele ukutshala esifundeni saseMoscow, kodwa kubalulekile ukuvuthwa okugcwele kwezithelo Hlwanyela imbewu ngaphambi kukaMeyi (Ungahlwanyela ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile, uhlanganise imibhede ebusuku nefilimu).
Umbala wesikhumba sesitshalo seqanda "I-Agat F1" ukunambitheka okunezinwele ezibomvu okujwayelekile.
Ifomu labo livame ukuyi-cylindrical, kanti isisindo esilinganisweni singama-250 amagremu. Kodwa ihlukanisa lezi zithelo kwezinye izici eziningana ze-pulp: ukuba nombala omhlophe ojwayelekile, awuzwisi ubuhlungu nhlobo. Ngakho-ke, ama-eggplant okupheka ngaphandle kwenkinga ingaqaliswa ngaphandle kokuwahlakaza, ikakhulukazi ngoba angeke asetshenziswe kuphela izitsha ezivamile, kodwa futhi nokulondolozwa.
Iyini ukubaluleka kwezinhlobo ze-eggplant izinhlobo ezichazwe?
- Ukunambitheka okuhle kanye nekhwalithi elihle kakhulu lokuhweba kwezitshalo.
- Isifundazwe esivamile kanye nokuvuthwa kokuqala (ukuvuthwa kwezobuchwepheshe kwesithelo kwenzeka ezinsukwini eziyi-100-110 emva kokuvela kokuqala amahlumela).
- Kungenzeka ukuthi kukhula lokhu hybrid ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo nasensimini.
- Ama-spikes ezindebe atholakala ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu.
Nakuba lolu hlobo lwe-hybrid lwe-isitshalo seqanda lunamathuba amaningi, kusengaba nzima ukulukhula. Izitshalo eziphezulu zingatholakala kuphela ngokunakekela izitshalo, ukuphuza nokufaka umquba. Ingozi enkulu kunayo yonke ama-frosts ekwindla.
Ama-eggplants aphakathi nonyaka nezinhlobo zazo: yini ongayikhetha esifundeni saseMoscow?
Ifomu le-hybrid lokuvuthwa eliphakathi "Bagheera F1": bajwayele ama-eggplant
Izinhlobo ze-hybrid zezitshalo zidalwa ukuze zandiswe isivuno futhi zifinyeleleke ekusimeni. Endabeni yale fomu, yonke le migomo yafezwa ngokugcwele.
Ngokuyinhloko, isivuno sesihlahla esisodwa, esingasetshenziswa, singafinyelela ubude bamamitha ayi-1.2, sisuka ku-2.5 kuya ku-3 kilogram. Ukucabangela iqiniso lokuthi izitshalo ezingaba ngu-2.5-3.5 zingabanjwa nge-1m2, zingabizwa ngokuthi "i-Bagira F1" ukuphakama okuphezulu.
Kodwa-ke, lezo zivuno kungenzeka kuphela ngokutshalwa kokushisa, ngaphansi kweziphi izimo ukuhlwanyela kwembewu kwenzeka phakathi kukaMashi.
Ezenzweni zalolu fomu, izithelo zinamakhono aphezulu kakhulu, okukhulunywa ngawo, ikakhulukazi, okugqugquzelwa ngumbala wesikhumba obomvu ongenasici.
Ubude besithelo esisodwa buyahlukahluka ngamasentimitha angu-12 kuya ku-20. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ububanzi bama-eggplants, oval in shape, ngokwesilinganiso 5-8 snimeters. Bangakwazi ukukala kusuka ku 250 kuya ku-350 amagremu ngamunye. Inyama inhle kakhulu ekunambithekeni, inemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Inzuzo yayo ukungabikho kolaka.
Izici ezinhle Ama-eggplant "I-Bagira F1":
- Izitshalo eziphakeme kakhulu nokuthengiswa kwezithelo.
- Ukufaneleka kokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obuncane.
- Azikho ameva esitshalweni kanye nezinkomishi zayo.
- Ukuvuthwa okuhle. Ngokunakekelwa kahle futhi ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwe-sapling of izithombo, ukuvuthwa okuphelele kungenzeka ngisho ezinsukwini ezingu-110.
Okuwukuphela kokunye okubaluleke kakhulu, ukungabi nhlobo kwe-eggplants echazwe ukuthi kungatshalwa kuphela ezindlini zokugcina izithombo. Njengoba bengenalo i-greenhouse esayithini lakho, abaningi bamane benqabe ukubanga, naphezu kwezimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu.
Izinhlobonhlobo "i-Albatross" - inketho enhle yephakathi nonyaka yezindawo ezisemadolobheni
Izinhlobonhlobo "i-Albatross" idume kakhulu, futhi lolo dumo lwamletha isivuno esikhulu. Ikakhulukazi, ngisho nalapho ikhulile ku-1 m2 yezitshalo, kungenzeka ukuthi uqoqe ama-8 kilogram yezithelo ezinhle ezentengiselwano kule ndawo.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuphakama kwesitshalo esisodwa kungafinyelela ngisho namasentimitha angama-70. Lezi zimila zikhula kahle cishe kuzo zonke izimo, kungenzeka ukuthi zikhule zombili ezindaweni ezivulekile nasezikhungweni zokugcina izithombo. Ukuze uthole isivuno esigcwele, udinga ukuhlwanyela imbewu phakathi kuka-Mashi.
Ayikho umehluko okhethekile phakathi kwezithelo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo, kodwa uma uziqoqa wonke, ungawahlukanisa kalula nezinye izinhlobo. Ngombala wesikhumba obomvu omnyama, banomumo omelele. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kunzima ukuthola ukuthi ububanzi bomntwana buyibukhulu kangakanani.
Kodwa ubude bayo buhluka kusuka kumamitha angu-15 kuya ku-22. Njengazo zonke izinhlobo ezidlule, inyama ye-albatross ine-tint eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi ayinaso neze intukuthelo.
Izinhlobo zezinhlobookuyinto igama layo elingavamile elifihlekile:
- I-pulp ine-ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, okungafani nayo futhi ayikuhleki ngemuva nokubukeka.
- Ukuphikiswa okuphezulu ezifweni ezivame kakhulu ze-eggplants - ikhukhamba kanye nomdwebo womugwayi.
- Ukufaneleka kokusetshenziswa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokupheka kanye nokwazisa.
- Ukungabi nameva esitshalweni.
- Izithelo zivuthiwe njalo ngesikhathi futhi ngokulinganayo (isikhathi esizayo sokukhula ukuhluma kuya ekuvuthweni kwezobuchwepheshe sinezinsuku ezingu-135).
Naphezu kokumelana namagciwane we-mosaic amabili okukhulunywe ngaye ngenhla, lokhu kuhlukahluka kuziphatha ngokubekezelayo nazo zonke ezinye izifo ezihambisana nalesi siko. Mayelana nalokhu, izitshalo eziqothula isitshalo seqanda ezihlukahlukene "i-Albatross" kuzodingeka zenze njalo ukuvikela nokuqapha isimo sabo.
Kudinga ukugqoka okutshala futhi okujwayelekile, kanye nokunakekelwa kwenhlabathi.
Yeka ukuthi ama-eggplants atshalwe kanjani futhi yiziphi izici zalolu hlelo: izincazelo eziningiliziwe
Ukutshala isitshalo seqanda kungenziwa ezimbili zombili izithombo kanye nezithombo. Inzuzo yenkambo ingcono kakhulu kuneyokuqala, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zokutshala lesi sitshalo esifundeni saseMoscow.
Ukuhlwanyela kwembewu kuvame ukuqhutshwa phakathi no-Mashi, ngoba izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-45 kufanele zidlule ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isitshalo seqanda - isitshalo esithisa ukushisa, futhi ukutshala endaweni evulekile yezimo ezingazinzile esifundazweni saseMoscow ngendlela encane kakhulu kungaholela emiphumeleni ebulalayo.
Ukuhlwanyela kokubili imbewu nokutshala kumele kucabangele indawo edingekayo phakathi kwemigqa. Ikakhulukazi, phakathi kwezitshalo ukuhamba kusuka ngamamitha angu-30 kuya kwangu-35, naphakathi kwemigqa - kusuka ku-60 kuya ku-65.
Ngokuvamile, indawo engama-1 m2 akufanele ikhule ngaphezu kwezitshalo ezingu-4-6. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho babonisa ukuthi ukuqina okunamandla hhayi nje kuphela kunomthelela ekunciphiseni ukuvunwa kwemikhiqizo, kodwa futhi nokuziphatha ngendlela efanele. Imbewu ihlanganisiwe kuze kube yi-1-2 centimitha ejulile.
Uma ukutshala isitshalo seqanda kubaluleke kakhulu ekutshaleni izitshalo njalo engadini. Ngakho-ke, izaqathe, izitshalo ezihlukahlukene kanye namakhabe, imifino kanye no-anyanisi kukhona abandulela imvelo.
Kwezinye izimo, inhlabathi ngeke ikwazi ukugcwalisa ngokugcwele isitshalo ngezakhi ezivame ukungakwazi ukukhokhela ngisho nangokusiza ukugqoka okuphezulu. Futhi, ukutshala ama-eggplant endaweni efanayo iminyaka eminingana akufanelekile, ngoba kuzophinde kuholele ekuvuneni okuphansi.
Njengoba izitshalo ze-eggplants zitshalo ezithisa ukushisa, esifundeni saseMoscow zikhule kahle ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo. Ngakho-ke, izitshalo ngeke zihlushwa ubusuku obubandayo, futhi kuzokwazi ukulawula umswakama wenhlabathi ngokwawo.
Isitshalo seqanda kufanele sithole ukukhanya kwelanga emibhedeni, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ivikelwe ezikhathini.
Izitshalo zokutshala isitshalo seqanda zenziwa isikhathi eside kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abalimi kufanele balinde kuze kube yilapho usongo lweqhwa seludlulile.
Izinsuku ezihle - kusukela ngoMeyi 25 kuya kuJuni 10. Iphethini lokutshala kumele libe likhulu ngokwanele ukuze izitshalo zingabi nesikhala esanele sokukhula kwesigaba somhlabathi, kodwa futhi nokudla uhlelo lwempande. Cabangela ubukhulu nokuphakama kwesihlahla.
Ukunakekela isitshalo seqanda: ingabe kufanelekile ukuthuthumela ngombhede wensimu?
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo kuyisisekelo sokuvuna okuphumelelayo, futhi wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi. Okokuqala, izitshalo zinikezwa ngokuvikelwa endaweni yokushisa noma ngaphansi kwesihenqo sefilimu. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba ukumelana kwabo kwemvelo kuncane kakhulu.
Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu ukuchelela okuvamile nokuningi. Emhlabathini owomile, ama-eggplants akakwazi ukukhula, futhi ngokuvamile kufanele aphuze eyedwa. Kodwa namanje, akufanele ukwedlulele ngomswakama, njengoba lesi simo ngeke sizuze.
Emva kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, izithombo zidinga ukuboshwa. Njengoba lesi sitshalo sikhula, ubukhulu be-cola kumele bukhuphuke, ngoba ngisho nalapho umuntu ekhulile isitshalo sidinga ukwesekwa, ngoba izithelo ezinzima zingalimaza isitshalo.
