Phakathi kwezindlu ezithandwa kakhulu zezwe kunezindawo ezikhethekile zokugcina izithombo. Ungayisebenzisa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Isibonelo, ukulima izithombo zembali, amakhambi, imifino ye-thermophilic.
Kodwa umsebenzi oyinhloko womklamo uhlala ungashintshi - ukuvikela izitshalo ekushintsheni okungazelelwe kokushisa kanye nesimo sezulu esibi, ikakhulukazi amaqhwa, izimvula ezinkulu, isichotho nezinye izinto.
Izindlu zokugcina izitshalo: izinzuzo nezinsalela zendaba
Ukukhethwa kweglasi kufana impahla eyinhloko ekwakhiweni kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo ngaphezu kokufanelekile. Okokuqala, ngoba kahle idlula i-ultravioletNgokufanele, izitshalo zithola ngokukhululekile inani elidingekayo elangeni.
Kunesinye, hhayi inzuzo ebaluleke kakhulu: uma kunesidingo, ingilazi kulula ukuyithatha indawo. Kulula futhi ukuqapha ukuhlanzeka kokwakhiwa: kwanele ukusula ubuso ngezinye izikhathi ngendwangu ebomvu.
Futhi, yiqiniso, udinga ukuphawula impilo yesikhathi eside ingilazi zokugcina izitshalo. Ukuphila kwabo okuwusizo kubalwa iminyaka.
Kubonakala sengathi kungcono kakhulu. Kodwa, maye, akahlwithwanga ukwehluleka. Ikakhulukazi:
- ngoba ukuhlela izindawo zokugcina izithombo kudinga isisekelo esiqinile, ngoba ishidi ngalinye lesilazi linesisindo esikhulu;
- kunqunyelwe ukwakhiwa ngendlela yendlu. Uma usebenzisa amafrimu nezinye izingilazi, bheka, ayitholakali;
- naphezu kwezinzuzo eziningi, ingilazi isabalulekile izinto ezibuthakathaka;
- iqiniso lokuthi ingilazi idlulisa imisebe yelanga ngesikhathi esifanayo kokubili inzuzo kanye nokungahleleki: ehlobo, lapho izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lifinyelela ezingeni lika-30 degrees Celsius, lingaba yilo lokushisa ngokwalo kushisa kakhuluokulimaza kakhulu izitshalo.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zama-pack packs
Idume namhlanje i-glazing kabili bathole isicelo sabo esikhulu hhayi ezindlini ezihlala ezindlini nasezikhungweni ezizimele, kodwa futhi nakwezinye izindawo. Ngokukhethekile i-glazing kabili yama-greenhouses okulethwe kulolu lugqa lokuhlanganisa:
- 1- no-2-ekamelweni;
- ukugcina amandla;
- ukusindisa ukushisa;
- lukhuni.
Njengoba ngayinye yamawindi ama-double-glazed enza inombolo imisebenzi ebalulekile, okungukuthi:
- ukudala umkhawulo womsindo;
- ukulondolozwa kokushisa ngaphakathi ekamelweni;
- ukuvikeleka ekushiseni okuphezulu nokuphansi.
Lezi zinto zikhethe kakhulu ukwakhiwa. Umklamo oqediwe ubhekene nalokhu okulandelayo izinzuzo:
- amandla (uma kuqhathaniswa ne-greenhouse greenhouse): akudingekile ukuqinisa ifreyimu noma ukulungisa ukuma kwawo;
- ukuthembeka okuphezulu nokukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokulungisa isikhathi eside. Ngokungafani nesibuko esilula, akudingeki ushintshe ukuhlanganisa ngenkathi ngayinye. Ngeqhwa noma isichotho esikhulu ngeke kuphule ubuqotho beglasi;
- ukusabalalisa kwelanga;
- ishetic, ukubukeka okunembile kokwakhiwa;
- ukuqoqwa kokushisa ngaphakathi egumbini, okuqeda ukukhipha izitshalo ebusika.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma uphatha ngaphakathi ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe, ungakwazi ukuhlomisa ingadi egcwele ebusika. Futhi lokhu kuyithuba lonke unyaka wonke ukutshala imifino nezinye izitshalo ozidingayo.
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela: khetha indawo, uhlobo lokwakha
Kungani kubaluleke kangaka ukukhetha indawo efanele yokwakhiwa kwe-greenhouse? Okokuqala, ngoba ikhono layo lokudlulisa ukukhanya ngokuqondile ukuvikela izitshalo ezivela ngaphandle kwesimo sezulu ngokuqondile kuxhomeke kulokhu.
Isibonelo, lapho ukhetha isayithi, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izihlahla noma ezinye izinto ngeke zenze isithunzi esakhiweni.
Yeka ukhetho olungcono endaweni yomhlaba onomhlaba ophansi futhi wangcwatshwa, mhlawumbe ku-hillock encane. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze ugweme ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa lomoya, kungenjalo i-microclimate ngaphakathi kwe-greenhouse izophazanyiswa.
Uma kwenzeka uhlela ukuyisebenzisa unyaka wonke, kungcono ukwakha isakhiwo lapho, uma kunesidingo, ungakwazi ukususa ungqimba ophezulu enhlabathini. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka okunye kwezitshalo ezivela ezinkampanini eziqinile nemimoya ebanda, imvula yasebusika.
Ngokuphathelene nokwakha ukwakhiwa, ungakha noma okwesikhashananoma okumile ukushisa. Umehluko ukhona phambi kwesisekelo. Akudingekile ukushisa okwakhiwa okwesikhashana. Kodwa kulokhu kuzodingeka ukunakekele ezinye izici. Ikakhulu, isilumisi kuya ezisekelweni eziqondile zesiphambano, bese ungcwatshisa lesi samuva emhlabathini. Lokhu kuzokwandisa ukwethembeka kwesakhiwo.
Ukuze uthole ukushisa okushisayo, ukulandelana kwezinyathelo kuzohluka. Okokuqala, udinga ukubeka isisekelo ukuvikela umhlabathi emanzini, nokuqinisekisa amandla esakhiwo. Ukuzikhethela kungagcinwa ekhonkheni eqinisekisiwe ye-monolithic noma i-ribbon isisekelo sokukhonkolo, iziteshi, imigoqo.
Enye iphuzu ebalulekile ukucabangela: uma uhlose ukusebenzisa i-greenhouse unyaka wonke, udinga ukunakekelwa ikhwalithi yayo Ukushisaukuzikhethela ukhanyiswa futhi ukuphuza izitshalo.
Ukukhetha iphrojekthi, ukulungisa imidwebo
Ukwenza lula ukwakhiwa kwe-greenhouse, ungasebenzisa umdwebo owenziwe ngomumo. Uma kunesidingo, yenza izinguquko ngokushintshashintsha iphrojekthi yecebo lomhlaba elikhethiwe.
Ngakho-ke, sinqume indlela yokwakha yezakhiwo. Le nqubo ayithathi isikhathi esiningi, ngoba ingilazi ayifuni, ngokulandelana, kunezinketho ezimbalwa ongakhetha kuzo.
Isibonelo, isinqumo esinengqondo siyoba i-rectangular noma i-multifaceted ukwakhiwa Uphahleni lungenziwa 1 - noma 2-imiswe.
Ukudweba ukushisa okushisayo esikhathini esizayo kungenye yeziningi kakhulu izigaba ezibalulekilengoba ikuvumela ukuthi ubale inani elidingekayo lokuthengwa kwemali, inani lemali.
Iyiphi idatha okufanele iboniswe emdwebeni? Ake sinikeze isibonelo esivumelwaneni esibamba ukushisa. Uma uthenga izingodo ezingu-10 × 10 cm nezingilazi zesibuko zokulinganisa okulinganiselwe 160 × 220 cm, ububanzi obuyi-4 mm, ibanga eliphakathi kwezikhala eziqondile lizobe lihamba kahle futhi lizoba ngu-0.8 m, e.g. ncamashi isigamu ububanzi beshidi.
Uma kwenzeka ukuthi kuhlelwe ukusebenzisa indlu yokushisa yonke unyaka wonke, isisekelo kumele sikhuliswe ngaphezu komhlaba.
Ukubeka isisekelo
Njengoba uzimisele ezinyathelweni zangaphambilini indawo efanele kakhulu yokwakhiwa kwe-greenhouse, ubukhulu bayo, manje udinga ukuphawula isayithi. Ngalokhu, sebenzisa izikhonkwane nezinkuni ezilula kakhulu.
Nakani! Ngokugcwalisa kahle isisekelo, ebusika ungagcina kuze kube Ukushisa kuka-10%!
- Okokuqala, simba umsele ongama-40 cm ububanzi no-30 cm ububanzi.
- Silala nesihlabathi, siqinile ngokuqinile.
- Ukuqinisa isisekelo kubeka ingubo.
- Gcwalisa ngokhonkolo.
- Hlanganisa phezulu kwefomu ngokusebenzisa iveli. Gcwalisa ukhonkolo emaphethelweni, ulinde ukuqinisa.
- Esigabeni esilandelayo sisebenzisa i-bitumen mastic noma ukuphahla kwezwa. Lokhu kuzokwakha ungqimba onokwethenjelwa lokungena kwamanzi.
- Ukugxila ekuphakameni kwezitini ½, senza izitini ezigciniwe phansi.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela! Ukusebenzisa ama-polystyrene amapulethi adume ngempela ukufudumala isisekelo kuzo zonke izinhlangothi.
Ukudonga nokuphahlazeka
Ikakhulukazi i-greenhouse uhlaka oluqinilelokho kuzosekela isisindo seglasi. Ungasebenzisa ukukhetha kwakho noma umuthinoma ingilazi. Okukhethwa kukho kuqala kunobungane kakhulu, okwesibili - okuthembekile.
Uma uhlose ukusebenzisa uhlaka lwezinkuni, unake imigoqo ngesigaba se-10 cm. Kungcono nakakhulu uma ehlanganiswa ngokwengeziwe nge-autoclave: lokhu kuzokwandisa impilo yesakhiwo.
Uma kwenzeka ukuthi imishayo owathenge kusengaphambili, kodwa kwavela ukuthi ayengakulungele kahle, yibahambise i-antiseptic. Esigabeni esilandelayo - ikhava ngebala futhi ingubo yokupenda.
Izinyathelo zokukhiqiza ukushisa okubamba ingilazi ngesakhiwo sezinkuni
Ngakho, udinga ukulungisa zonke izakhi ukuklama kwesikhathi esizayo, okungukuthi: i-trim engenhla nephansi, imishayo yokusekela, izikhala zekhoneni.
- Sifaka imigoqo (10 kuya ku-10 cm) esitokisini sesisekelo sezitini, ngaphambi kokushisa nge-polystyrene ipulangwe, ngokuqinile.
- Emakhoneni angu-4 sishaya imigoqo evulekile kumigoqo enezingqimba.
- Okokugcina ukuxhuma ngemigoqo engenhla enezingqimba.
- Sibopha imigoqo yokusekela emabhinceleni aphansi nangaphezulu.
Ukwakha uhlelo lwesigxobo sophahleni, udinga ukwenza izinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Khetha i-wood 10 × 5 cm yokufaka izihlahla, ukuphakama okuphakathi, okuthunyelwe okuphakathi.
- Amabha anama-10 × 3 cm kufanele asetshenziselwe ukwakha uhlaka lwamnyango kanye nokuphahla kwendlu.
- Ngokwenza ngokuhlukile wenze umhlangano wamapulazi. Kungaba emhlabathini noma kunoma iyiphi enye indawo ephezulu.
- Esigabeni esilandelayo sibaphakamisela kuhlaka.
Ukusebenzisa i-ridge beam, siqoqa amapulazi. Isigaba sokugcina siyoba ukufakwa kwesilazi: sibeka amashidi usebenzisa i-silicone sealant kanye nezipikili. Ngendwangu yamapulangwe noma yerabhagi siyifake ngobumnene amashidi ngaphandle. Ophahleni lwengilazi ubeka phezu koqweqwe lwe-putty. Kudingekile ukuthi uhambise ekuqondeni kusuka phansi phezulu.
Isithombe
Ungabona izinketho ezikhona zokugcina izilazi esithombeni ngezansi:
Isiphetho
Njengoba ungabona, ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokugcina izitshalo akudingi isikhathi esiningi nemizamo. Umklamo oqediwe uhlukile izindleko eziphansi futhi impilo yesikhathi eside, ibukeka ikhangayo futhi inikeza izimo zokushisa ezifanele zokutshala izitshalo ezihlukahlukene zezitshalo nezitshalo unyaka wonke.
