Ukhukhamba kulula kakhulu ukukhula ngendlela yokutshala. Izithombo ezitshalwe ngaphambili ziphuthuma inqubo yefruiting, izithombo zinamandla futhi zinamandla.
Ukuze ugweme amaphutha, kudingeka ukhethe isikhathi esifanele lapho uhlwanyela ukhukhamba ngezithombo bese wenza yonke inqubo ngendlela efanele. Seeding, ukuchelela, ukubeka izitsha nge izitshalo esizayo - isivuno esizayo kuxhomeke kulezi zinto ezincane ezibalulekile.
Isihloko sendaba yanamuhla yizimbewu zekhukhamba: nini ukuhlwanyela, izinsuku ezincane lapho uhlwanyela ukhukhamba wezithombo, ungatshala ukhukhamba kanjani izithombo ngendlela efanele?
Nini ukutshala ikhukhamba izithombo?
Ukhukhamba kungenxa yezitshalo ezikhula ngokushesha. Ukuze izitshalo zikhule ngendlela evamile, ungalibali ukubekwa kwezimbali ze-flower and the formation of ovaries, kudingeka ukhethe isikhathi esifanele lapho uhlwanyela khona i-cucumber imbewu yezithombo. Emibhedeni yokushisa noma engadini kufanele udlulise izithombo ezinamandla, ezithuthukisiwe kodwa ezingenamhlabathi.
Lapho ukuhlwanyela ukhukhamba for izithombo? I-countdown inconywa isikhathi sokuhlwanyela. Ungaqala ukutshala izithombo lapho inhlabathi ivuselela kufika kuma-degree angu-15. Ngokusho izibonakaliso zomuntu, lesi sikhathi siwela ekugqumeni okukhulu kwama-dandelions. Kodwa-ke, izithombo ezihanjiswe emhlabathini ongefudumala kakhulu ziyokhula kancane, futhi amaqhwa amancane asheshayo angawabulala.
Kungcono ukuhambisa ukufakelwa kusuku oluzayo - ukuphela kokungenzeka noma ukuqala ngoJuni. Izitshalo ziyiswa emibhedeni evulekile ngisho nangemva kwesikhathi. Kuncike kakhulu endaweni yesimo sezulu. Abalimi be-Amateur kumele bagxile ekuhlangenwe nakho kozakwethu kusuka esifundeni sabo.
Ukunquma isikhathi sokuhambisa izithombo endaweni enomphela yokuhlala, ungakwazi ukubala isikhathi esifanele sokutshala ukhukhamba ngezithombo. Ezindaweni eziningi zaseRussia kungcono ukuhlwanyela ngo-20 Ephreli noma ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Isimo esidingekayo sezithombo sizofinyelela emavikini amathathu.
Isikhathi esiphezulu sezithombo ezikhulayo ekhaya unyanga eyodwa. Ukubambezeleka okunye kokufakelwa kwezitshalo kunciphisa kakhulu isivuno sezitshalo.
Imbewu yokuhlwanyela imbewu
Ukutshala okufanelekile kwamakhukhamba ukuze izithombo zidinga ukulungiselela:
- Amathangi for izithombo. Kunconywa ukutshala imbewu emgqonyeni omncane, okuvumela ukukhipha okukhethiwe. I-Brittle Root Cucumber System ayikubekezeli ukufakelwa. Okuhle - izinkomishi eziphakathi nendawo ezenziwe ngamaphilisi e-extrated or peat.
I-TIP! Amakhadibhodi afanelekayo noma iziqukathi zepulasitiki, iziqukathi ezingenalutho ezivela ngaphansi kwe-kefir noma i-yogurt, kanye nezimbiza ezifakiwe ezihlanganisiwe kusuka kwifilimu yepulasitiki.
- I-pallet yeziqukathi ngabanye. Akufanele kube mncane kakhulu ukuze izindebe zingapheli. Ungasebenzisa i-tray epulasitiki ephakeme, ipakethe yekhekhe, isitsha sokudla noma ibhokisi lekhadibhodi encane.. Ukhetho lokugcina lukulungele amakhukhamba alitshalwe ezinhlakeni ze-peat. Ukuze amaphilisi we-peat, kungcono ukusebenzisa ama-pallets ajulile kakhulu we-eraser.
- Ngaphambi kwesikhathi inhlabathi ehlanganisiwe. Ukhukhamba khetha inhlabathi elula yomsoco. Inhlanganisela yenhlabathi engadini ne-humus noma i-peat izokwenziwa; ngenxa yokukhululeka, i-perlite encane noma i-vermicult ingaxubene ne-substrate. Amaminerali amaminerali azokwandisa ukondla kwe-substrate: i-urea, i-potassium sulfate, i-superphosphate noma i-ash ash.
- Ukunisela iSiprafa. Awuyikuhlanza inhlabathi, ukuyihambisa ngokungafanele futhi inganikeli ekutheni umswakama uphelele. Izitshalo zinganisela futhi isipuni.
- Ifilimu yeplastiki noma ingilazi. Ukhonza ukumboza ithangi ngembewu etshalwe. Igcina ukushisa okudingekayo kanye nezinga lomswakama, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukufinyelela kokukhanya.
- Amapulethi negama lezinhlobonhlobo noma izinsimbi zeplastiki. Kudingeka uma utshala izinhlobo ezahlukene kanye nentshonalanga yamakhukhamba. Izitika zibekwe ezimbizeni noma ngamapellets, amapuleti anamathele emhlabathini.
Indlela yokutshala ukhukhamba izithombo ekhaya?
Ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu ihlelwa, kungenalutho futhi kuvinjelwe kunqatshiwe. Ukuze kuhlume kahle, imbewu eneminyaka engu-2-3 ubudala isetshenziswa. Kufanelekile ukukhetha imbewu enkulu kunazo zonke, ziqinisekisa izithombo ezinamandla futhi ezinamandla.
Imbewu eqoqiwe Ukunciphisa umzimba kunconywa, imbewu esithengiwe ngokuvamile ayiphathwa. Abanye balimi bahluma imbewu, abanye bakhetha ukutshala bomile. Imiphumela emihle itholakala ngesikhathi esifushane ehamba ngesixazululo esinamandla sokukhula okukhuthazayo. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokulungiselela imbewu ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela.
Kunconywa ukuthi ubeke umhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala., inqubo engaphezu kwesithambile noma iqhwa ukukhipha i-disinfection. Ungayichitha inhlabathi ngesisombululo esishisayo nesimnyama se-potassium permanganate. Le nqubo ibulala izinambuzane ezinobungozi eziyingozi empilweni yezithombo.
Izimbiza noma ezinye iziqukathi zigcwele inhlabathi. Ngaphambi imigodi yamanzi kumele yenziwe engxenyeni engezansi yethangi. Inhlabathi ilula kancane.
Izithombo 1-2 zifakwa ebhodweni ngalinye. Uma usebenzisa imbewu yezinhlobo ezingavamile ezivele zimenyezelwe, kunengqondo ukuhlwanyela ngamunye ngamunye. Uma kusetshenziselwa izinto zokutshala ezomile, kungcono ukutshala imbewu ngababili. Lokhu kuzonciphisa amaphesenti omshado, kuzosindisa izindebe kanye nesikhala esincane emasiteleni.
Imbewu ingcwatshwe 1.5-2 cm. Imbewu ehlwanyelwe itshalwe ngokucophelela, amahlumela asobunzima awonakele kalula. Ukubekwa kwabo kuwukusebenzisa isikhonkwane sezinkuni. Emhlabathini ngumgodi omncane, ubeke imbewu.
Imbewu eyomile iyajula ngeminwe yakho. Inhlabathi ihlanjululwa ngamanzi afudumele distilled kusuka ibhodlela spray. Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise amanzi ashisayo: inetha, imvula noma ibilisiwe.
Izinkomishi noma izimbiza zifakwe kule pallet. Ungawafaki kakhulu, kodwa izitsha akufanele ziguqe.
I-pallet ingagcwala ubumba obunwetshiwe, ngokuqinisekile iyobamba izimbiza futhi isebenze njengamanzi. Izindawo zokuhlala zivaliwe ngopula epulasitiki bese zifakwa ekushiseni. Ngokuvamile amahlumela avela emva kwezinsuku ezingu-5-6.
Uma amaphilisi e-peat asetshenziselwa ukutshala, uhlelo lushintsha kancane. I-peat ecindezelekile ifakwa esitsheni esijulile futhi igcwele ngamanzi ashisayo. Lapho amaphilisi evuvuka futhi ephenduka amakholomu, afakwa epayipi lepulasitiki. Imbewu yekhukhamba ifakwa emigodini ephezulu phezulu kwamaphilisi. Uma kunesidingo, bangakwazi ukujuliswa nge-toothpick noma kwenye ithuluzi elifanele.
Emaphilisi amaphethini kungcono ukutshala imbewu eyomile.. Izithombo zamathenda zingalimala uma ziphoqelelwe ukuba zibe yi-peat ejulile. Ukuphuza i-substrate emanzi akudingekile. I-tray eneziphilisi ezigcwele ipulasitiki ifakwe endaweni efudumele ngaphambi kokuhluma.
Ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlwanyela ukhukhamba ezitshalweni, izimbiza zibhalwe ngamalebula noma amalebuli ekhombisa izinhlobo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma utshala izitshalo ezintsha, hhayi izitshalo ezihlolwe noma izitshalo eziyigugu kakhulu. Kunconywa ukuthi ufake idatha kwizithombo ezincwadini ezihlukile. Ikhombisa inani lamabhodwe, izinombolo zabo, isikhathi sokutshala namanye amaphuzu abalulekile.
Izithombo zokuhlwanyela zidinga ukushisa, umswakama nokukhanya okukhulu. Bashukunyiselwa e-windows sill efasiteleni eliseningizimu, beyivikela emashikheni. Ukuze kube nokuthembeka okukhulu, izibuko kufanele zivaliwe ngefilimu evulekile ebonakalayo, okuvimbela ukungena emoyeni abandayo.
Imbewu etshalwe ngezikhathi ezithile zifakwe ngamanzi afudumele afudled noma abilisiwe. Ukunisela ukutshala kusuka kumanzi wokunisela akunconywa, ama-jets amanzi angadala inhlabathi. Uma inhlabathi ihlala, ungangeza i-substrate encane ngaphandle kokuyichitha.
Kungenzeka ukuthululela inhlabathi kuphela emva kokuba izithombo zivele phezulu futhi amaqabunga aphendukile. Ezinsukwini zokuqala zokutshala, ungakwazi ukumboza ifilimu, ngakho kumele isuswe ukuze amahlumela aqiniswe futhi akhule.
Uma imbewu emibili ihlwanyelwe ebhodweni, imbewu encane kakhulu kufanele isuswe. Awukwazi ukukudonsa, izimpande zesitshalo esinamandla zingase zihlupheke. Ihlumela elinqatshiwe lihlulwa ngokucophelela ngommese obukhali ngaphezu komhlaba.
Imbewu etshalwe kahle kufanele ikhule ngokushesha futhi ikhule kahle. Izithombo ezincane, ezikulungele ukuthuthela emibhedeni, kufanele zibe namandla, zikhanyise, zilula kakhulu. Izithombo ezinjalo ziyisiqinisekiso sokuvunwa okuhle kakhulu, okungeke kuthathe isikhathi eside ukulinda.
Ngakho-ke, saxoxa ngesikhathi sokutshala ukhukhamba ngezitshalo ekhaya, indlela yokutshala kahle imbewu yamakhukhamba ngezithombo?
Izinto eziwusizo
Hlola ezinye eziwusizo ikhukhamba izithombo izihloko:
- Indlela yokukhula efasiteleni, ibhaluni ngisho nasendlini engaphansi?
- Amathiphu okukhula ezigulini ezihlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ezimbizeni zepiat kanye namaphilisi.
- Thola izinsuku zokutshala ngokuya esifundeni.
- Izizathu zokuthi kungani izithombo zikhishwa, amaqabunga asomile futhi aphuzi, futhi yiziphi izifo ezithintekayo?
- Zonke izimfihlo zokudla okulungile kwamahlumela amancane.
