I-Fluffy birch - kwasekuqaleni i-betula alba, okusho ngesiLatini okusho i-birch emhlophe, yashintsha igama layo laba yiBétula pubéscens. Ikhula ezindaweni ezinomswakama, emabhishi nasogwini lwamachibi. Ibekezelela izikhathi ezomile kabi, ezitholakala emahlathini ama-coniffort and deciduous. Izwa kahle emthunzini wezinye izihlahla.
Incazelo ye-fluffy birch
Ukushintshwa kwegama kucasulwe ukuvela kokudideka nokulengiswa kwe-birch, i-warty. Izinhlobo eziningi zinombala omhlophe, ngakho-ke ukwahlukaniswa kwaqala ukwenziwa ngokwezimpawu zangaphandle zomqhele.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane, kepha lokhu okuhlukahlukene akumelani neqhwa. Indawo yokuhlala ye-fluffy birch yonke yeSiberia, ingxenye yaseYurophu yeRussia, iyatholakala naseCaucasus, ezindaweni ezigudle ulwandle.
I-Smooth, ngaphandle kokuqhekeka, amagxolo yisici esivelisayo esiyinhloko sesitshalo. Isiqu esihle esimhlophe sihlakazwa imifantu emincane kuphela kubantu abadala abaseduze nezimpande. Izindawo ezinjalo zihambisana ne-birch bast. Le nto yaziwa kabanzi futhi ivezwa ekuhlukaneni kwe-cortex ibe izingqimba ezincanyana.
Izinhlobo zezinhlobo zemithi zizala kabusha ngosizo lwezimbali ezingafani nobungqingili. Ekwindla, abesilisa bavela emagatsheni; ubusika busekuthini. Entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuvela kwamaqabunga, kuqhakaza "amacici" abesifazane. Ukungcola kusizwa umoya.
Ungachaza i-birch ngokulandelayo:
- Isiqu esiqonde ngqo phezulu sesihlahla sikhuphuka ngaphezu komhlaba ngamamitha ayi-15 ukuya kwezi-20.
- Izithombo zonyaka wokuqala ziye zehlisela amahlumela, aminyene futhi aluhlaza.
- Kuze kube yiminyaka engu-5, isiqu sinsundu. Ngonyaka we-10, inani le-betulin elikhiqizwa yi-birch selanele futhi isitshalo kancane kancane sithole umbala omhlophe ofanayo.
- Imifingo emincane yeluka ukuphakama, amagatsha aya esibhakabhakeni, isakaza umqhele iba ezihlahleni zabantu abadala.
- Amaqabunga ezitshalo ezincane ahlekile. Abantu abadala - gcina inqwaba ethambile emaqabunga aphansi kanye nesiqu.
- Isiqu sikhula size sibe ngamasentimitha angama-80. Kunabantu abahlukaniswa ngeziqu abahlukahlukene, kodwa kuyaqabukela.
- I-Bétula pubéscens iyizinhlobo ezinqanda isithwathwa.
- Uhlelo lwezimpande luthuthukiswa, kepha luseduze kobuso bomhlaba. Imvamisa phakathi kwemimoya enamandla, izihlahla ziyawa.
- Isikhathi sokuphila siphakathi kweminyaka eyi-120;
Izimo ezikhulayo
I-Fluffy birch ikhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni. Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa ekupheleni kwehlobo. Masinyane ngemuva kokuhluma, ihlumela ngalinye lidluliselwa esitsheni esihlukile. Entwasahlobo, amahlumela atshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile kude kumamitha ayi-3-4 ukusuka komunye nomunye. Esontweni lokuqala ngemuva kokutshala, ukuthambisa nsuku zonke kuyadingeka.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa kabili ngonyaka - ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Ukhula lokhula, inhlabathi ithukululwa yafika ekujuleni okungadluli ku-3 cm. Ukuvikela nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomhlaba, iziqu zizungeza ngamapulangwe wezinkuni kanye ne-peat ukuya ekujuleni okungamasentimitha ayi-12. Awudingi ukunciphisa i-birch, emagatsheni awomile entwasahlobo asuswa nje.
Ukulungiselela isitshalo ebusika kungakhethwa. Ngezinhloso zokuvimbela, izinhlobo ezibaluleke kakhulu ezitshalwe ekwindla zimbozwa esiqwini.
Izifo ezivamile namagciwane:
- Ubhungane lwamapayipu lushaya amahlumela amasha. Izindawo ezithintekile ziyasikwa futhi zishiswe. Bumba inhlabathi eduze kwesiqu.
- Amakhethini athanda ukudla amaqabunga e-birch aya emthanjeni. Ukwelashwa, izinambuzane ziyasuswa, lesi sitshalo sifafazwa ngama-insecticides.
- Ubhungane obandayo buyingozi ngesimo sezibungu; zidla izimpande zesihlahla. Lapho kutholwa, inhlabathi eseduze kwesiqu iyadedelwa, izinambuzane zikhethwe ngesandla.
- Isikhunta isikhunta hit izinkuni. Basuswa ngokucophelela.
Umhlali wasehlobo uyazisa: ukusetshenziswa kwe-fluffy birch
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izinkuni ze-fluffy birch zibola kalula, ukusetshenziswa kwaso kuhlukile. Indwangu ibolekeka kahle kumashini, ngakho-ke amathoyizi enziwa ngawo. Uma kunesidingo, isitoreji sesikhathi eside, izingodo zifakwa emanzini.
Entwasahlobo, kuthathwa ujusi omnandi futhi onempilo ezihlahleni. Sebenzisa isitshalo njengendwangu eluhlaza ye-plywood nasekwenziweni kwe-skis. Amagatsha aqoqwa emishinini yokugeza.
Kwezimboni, izinkuni zenziwa ngezinto ezilandelayo:
- i-acetic acid;
- amalahle
- i-methyl alcohol;
- turpentine;
- tar.
Lesi sakamuva sifundiswa ekutshaleni kwamagxolo omile futhi kusetshenziswe amakha. Izici zezokwelapha zamaqabunga e-birch namahlumela ziyaziwa. I-Chaga mushroom parasitizing kwi-birch nayo isetshenziselwa izinjongo zokwelapha. Abaqambi bomhlaba ngokuvamile bakhetha isitshalo sokuhlobisa ukwakheka komhlaba. Isiqu esimhlophe esineqhwa nomqhele ogqamile ohelezayo sihambisana kahle.
