Inqubo yokuhlanganisa kusheshisa izithelo zokuvuthwa futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukwandisa isivuno semifino. Ukuqaliswa kwalo kudinga amakhono athile nemizamo, kodwa kuvumela ukufeza impumelelo ethile.
Ngaphambi kokutshela ngezici zale nqubo, udinga ukunikeza incazelo yalo mqondo.
Yini ehlanganiswayo?
Ukunciphisa i-a bebeka imibhede ngezitshalo zemifino, ngokuqondene nosamatisi, izinto ezahlukene.
Kungaba yizinto eziphilayo noma ezifakelwayo, kodwa zinomsebenzi owodwa kuphela: ukulawulwa komswakama kanye nombuso womoya wenhlabathi.
Ukukhuluma ngolimi olufinyeleleka kakhulu, i-mulch ivikela umhlabathi ekumeni. Njengoba ubukhona bayo phezu kwenhlabathi akufaki ukujula okukhulu, okuphazamisa ukushintshanisa umoya. Kodwa unabanye izimfanelo eziwusizo:
- i-mulch, ebekwe emibhedeni, ayivumeli imisebe yelanga. Ngakho-ke, ukhula aluhlumi kuwo, lubhubhisa izitshalo zensimu;
- ngaphansi kocingo inhlabathi ihlala imanzi futhi igubha isikhathi esideNgakho-ke, ukuphuza nokuphukulula kuyadingeka izitshalo kakhulu kakhulu. Yisho ukuthini ukunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi;
- Izinto eziphilayo zithinta ubuso bomfula ngezingqimba zawo ezingezansi, eziqala ukujikeleza, ziphenduke ukudla okuthandayo kwezinyosi, ziyiqhube zibe yi-humus. Ngakho, utamatisi uthole okuningi umquba odingekayo. Ngokuvamile, kulesi simo, ungenza ngaphandle kokugqoka njalo noma ukunciphisa inani labo;
- kuvimbela ukugeleza kwamanzi ebusweni bomfula. Utamatisi uphuziswa kakhulu. Kodwa esitheni sokushisa, ukuphuma kwamanzi kungaphakathi kwesikhala esivinjelwe. Yakha izinga elinyuka lomswakama, elilimaza utamatisi. Kuholela ekubukeni kwe-phytophtoras nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezifo ze-fungal. Umeluleki uhlanganyela ihlumela ngenhlabathi enomanzi, okwenza isitshalo sibe nenempilo kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula;
- inqubo elula yokuphuza izithombo. I-jet yamanzi phakathi nale nqubo ayifuni inhlabathi.
Izinhlobo ze-mulch
Ukumboza inhlabathi sebenzisa izinto ezahlukene. Zihlukaniswe phakathi izimboni kanye nemvelo.
Kuzimboni faka amafilimu nazo zonke izinhlobo zezindwangu ezingelusiwe. Abanye babo bayakwazi ukudlulisa amanzi nomoya, kanti abanye abangekho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangase babe nama-shades ahlukile.
Izambatho eziphezulu kakhulu zezimboni ze-solanaceous zibhekwa Izinto ze-Agrotex futhi efana nabo, kodwa kubalimi abaningi, ukuthengwa kwalabo kudla ngokungadingekile.
Ngakho-ke, bayashintshwa ngokuphahlazeka, bazizwele, amakhadibhodi, i-polyethylene emnyama noma ngisho namaphephandaba amadala nje.
Ukugqoka ama-tomato kuyisiza kakhulu.. Ukuqothula, baphenduka ama-humus, banikeze izitshalo ngokudla okunomsoco. Ngenxa yalokhu, inhlabathi igcwele ama-microelements ahlukene, futhi okuxhomeke kulolu lwazi.
Umunwe wamanzi ungasebenza:
- utshani kanye ne-hay;
- umquba;
- i-humus;
- i-peat;
- i-litter ehlathini kanye noqweqwe lomhlabathi. (Kubhekwa njengesihlahla semvelo esingcono kunazo zonke esingathuthukisa kakhulu ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi);
- izinkuni zokhuni kanye ne-sawdust;
- amagxolo ahlaza;
- ukhula oluncane ngaphandle kwembewu;
- izinaliti namaqabunga awile.
Qaphela! Ukhula lunezihlahla ezinotshani hhayi Kunconywa ukuba ibekwe ngaphansi kootamatisi abasha. Zingcono kakhulu ezomile elangeni ukuze ziqede izinambuzane ezidla izinambuzane ezondla ijusi yazo. Uma kungenjalo, izinambuzane zizohambisa utamatisi, ngoba ngeke nje zibe nokunye ukudla endaweni engalinganiselwe yendawo yokushisa.
Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlanganiswa kuqhutshwa ngosizo lwamatshe amatshe, amatshe amancane achotshoziwe nodaka olwandisiwe. Kodwa abazuzi lutho, ngaphandle kokukususa emigqumeni kuyinkinga.
Manje ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nenqubo yokuhlanganiswa ngosizo lwezinto ezithile ezingenhla.
Uhlobo
Ikhethelo elihle kunazo zonke izitamatisi zokushisa. Ukufakwa kwalo kwe-10 cm, ukuhlehlisa phansi, kuzokwehla izikhathi ezingaba ngu-3, kodwa ivikela amahlumela kusuka ku-anthracnose, amaqabunga avulekile namabala.
I-straw inikeza ngokukhululekile ukuhamba emoyeni ezimpandeni zezithombo kanye yenza njenge-insulator enhle yokushisa. Kodwa endaweni enjalo kulula izinambuzane ezinambuzane noma amagundane.
Utshani
Ukhula olukhula ukhula, utshani oluhlwanyelwe, kanye nabantwana abathweswa izingane ezinqunywe kumatamatisi, kufanelekile kule njongo. Isendlalelo kufanele sithathwe njengokuthi lapho iphela, ukuphakama kwayo kuwukuthi hhayi ngaphansi kuka-5 cm. Utshani udilika ngokushesha, kufanele uyibuyekezekodwa izogcwala umhlaba nge-nitrogen.
Amahlamvu nezinaliti
Ngaphezu kokulandelela izakhiesitezi phansi unikeza amabhaktheriya anenzuzo enhlabathini. Kuzokwenza futhi mulch, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, umanyolo. Kungcono ukuyithatha ehlathini le-coniferous noma eliqhakazile.
Ukuthunga namagxolo
Imininingwane ehlala njalo futhi ehlala njalo. Ugcina umswakama kahle, ngakho-ke kuphelele ukushisa okushisa. Kubalulekile ukubeka i-sawdust eyomile 8 cm ubukhulungakho-ke kunconywa ukulichitha nge-solution ye-urea engu-5%. Inhlabathi akufanele ibe ne-oxidized; ngale njongo, ukulingana okujwayelekile kumele kuthulwe phezu kwe-sawdust ngokulinganayo, futhi i-lime e-slaked nayo ingasetshenziswa. Iyakwazi ukunciphisa i-acetic acid ngenxa yokuphendula kwamakhemikhali.
Umquba
Ilungiselelwe kusuka kudoti ehlukahlukene: ama-debris, utshani, ukhula oluqothukile, ama-paper scraps, nezinye izinto ezifanayo. Ngemuva kokuqedwa nokudilizwa emgodini womquba, bona ube ingxube enhle kakhulu yezakhi zomzimba izimpethu ezisebenzayo ngokushesha.
Nakani! Umquba - ngisho umanyolo owusizo kakhulu, okweqile kuyoholela ekutheni isitshalo siyokwandisa ubukhulu bayo obuhlaza, kodwa asibopheli izithelo.
Ifilimu
Khetha oqinile futhi opaque, ke yena uyakwazi ukumelana nokhula. Ifilimu kufanele icindezelwe emhlabathini ngokuqinile ngokwanele.
Uma ukuyisebenzisa kungenzeka ukuhluma kwezimila noma ukutheleleka kwabo ngezifo zefungal. Isizathu - umswakama ophezulu ngaphansi kwendawo yokuhlala.
Amaphephandaba namakhadibhodi
Iphepha liyihlathi eliphinda lenziwe kabusha. Noma yimaphi amaphephandaba aphihliwe futhi ahlelwe afanelekile. Isendlalelo esingu-15 cm. Umquba noma utshani ungafakwa phezulu, bese iphepha lingashenywa. Ngenxa yesenzo esinjalo izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi liyokhula ngezinga elingaphansi kwezingu-2, futhi ungqimba luzosebenza cishe iminyaka emibili. Kungcono ukuvula leli phepha ukuze ungalidli.
Indwangu engavamile yokumboza
Isakhiwo sawo esiyingozi kalula udlula umswakama nomoya. Ukhonza iminyaka engaba ngu-5, ukuvikela izitshalo kusuka ku-ukhunta, izinambuzane noma ukubola. Kucatshangwa ukuthi kuyasebenza kakhulu geotextilekodwa kubiza. Mhlawumbe lokhu kuyiphutha lakhe kuphela.
I-Ruberoid
Iphephile, inokwethenjelwa. Awuyikuvumela ukhula lukhule, aluvumeli ukukhanya kwelanga kudlulele emahlathini. Nokho i-toxic too futhi ingalimaza utamatisi nomhlabathi.
Ngesikhathi sokufeza le nqubo?
I-Mulch, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, igcina umswakama enhlabathini futhi ingavumeli ukukhanya kwelanga kuyo. Ngakho-ke kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-greenhouse iyashisa noma cha.
Ukubeka ungqimba kufanele kwenzeke ku-abamba ukushisa okungahlalilapho umhlaba ungashushumbisi kahle. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kokuba iqhwa selidlulilefuthi umhlaba usuvele ushisa kakhulu.
Uma i-greenhouse iyashisa, ukuhlanganiswa kwenziwa nganoma isiphi isikhathi lapho izitshalo zitshalwe khona.
Ubuchwepheshe bokubeka bubeka isimbozo esikhethiwe. Umbola okhululekile uhlanganiswe phakathi kwezitshalo. Isendlalelo kufanele sibe ngamasentimitha ambalwa. A udinga ukushiya isikhala esincane esiseduze nesiquukuze kutholakale amahlumela amanzi ngokukhululekile.
Isiphetho
Ngokuncintisana okwenziwe ngobuningi bamatamatisi ku-greenhouse kuyonciphisa kakhulu imizamo yomlimi wensimu ukuze sikhule utamatisi. Ukuphuza, ukuphuza nokukhipha kuzodingeka kwenziwe njalo njalo.. Kodwa le nqubo kusiza ukukhula okucebile futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, isitshalo esinempilo!
