I-Alstroemeria - ummeli womndeni we-Alstromerias, ohlanganisa izigaba ezine futhi uhlukaniswe ngama-250. I-Alstroemeria "yafika" esifundeni sethu kusukela emaqeleni aseNingizimu Melika.
Lesi isitshalo sesimiso esihlala isikhathi eside, isiqu esilungile, futhi uhlelo lwempande luyi-tuberous. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, i-alstroemeria ingafinyelela ku-1.5m ukuphakama.
Uyazi? I-Alstroemeria sekuyisikhathi eside ibiwa ngokuthi "imbali ye-Incas", kwakungu-Incas abecabanga ukuthi lesi sitshalo singcwele futhi sinikeza ngemikhiqizo yemilingo. Le mbala ibizwa nangokuthi "iLyrusvian lily".
I-Alstroemeria izimbali, ezifana neminduze, zidwetshwe ngamathoni anomzimba ophuzi, obomvu, obomvana, o-orange, ne-lilac. Ama-flower petals ahlotshiswe nge-veins, ayeseduze nomngcele we-petal ayancipha futhi alula.Usayizi we-flower cishe ngo-6 cm ububanzi. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngendlela yokukhulisa i-alstroemeria ebhodweni ukuhlobisa i-window yakho.
Izimo ezifanele ze-alstroemeria ekhulayo endlini
I-Alstroemeria, njenganoma yisiphi esinye isitshalo, sidinga izimo ezithile zokulima. Ngenxa yokuthi i-Alstroemeria ivela ezifundeni ezifudumele, kungcono ukudala izimo eziseduze nemvelo ewindlini yakhe yefasitela lasekhaya.
Indawo nokukhanyisa
I-Alstroemeria, uma ukhula kusuka enzalweni, kungcono ngakwesokunene kwefulethi, ngoba i-alstroemeria ithanda ukukhanya nokushisa kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! E-alstromeria ehlobo e-pritenyat engcono yokuvimbela ukushiswa kwamaqabunga.
Ukuze imbali ikujabulise ngesikhala esikhulu sombala nemibala egcwele egcwele, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unezinsuku ezingu-14 ubude obude; uma ungenalo ikhono lokukhanyisa i-alstromeria ngendlela engokwemvelo, ungasebenzisa izibani ze-fluorescent zokukhanyisa okwengeziwe.I-Alstroemeria ingcono kakhulu ukungabeki ezindaweni eziseduze nabathungisi noma ezinye izinsiza zokushisa. Sizoxoxa ngokuqhubekayo nendlela yokugcina umswakama womoya odingekayo ukuze uthole imbali nendlela yokuphuza i-alstromeria ngendlela efanele.
Imodi yokushisa: ubusika-ihlobo
I-Alstroemeria imbali ebucayi kakhulu emazingeni okushisa ikakhulukazi umahluko wabo. Isici esibalulekile kokuqukethwe kwe-alstromeria kuyoba ukugcina izinga lokushisa elungile kuye ngenkathi.
Ebusika, izinga lokushisa kufanele ligcinwe ngo-13-15 ° C, lapho isimo esibucayi imbali iyakwazi ukumelana nokushisa ngo-8 ° C. Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, izimbali ngeke zivuleke, futhi entwasahlobo i-Alstroemeria ngeke ikujabulise ngombala wayo.
Ehlobo, imbali izokwanela ekamelweni lokushisa elingagcini i-28 ° C. Uma izinga lokushisa liphakeme, amaqabunga nezimbali ziyowela futhi imbali izoyeka ukukhula.
Ukugcina umbuso wokushisa kuyinto elula, into eyinhloko akuyona ukuyiqeda ekuhlinzekeni ukushisa ku-Alstroemeria.
Ukunakekelwa okulungile kuyisihluthulelo sokwanda kwezimbali ze-Alstroemeria.
Ukuze i-Alstroemeria ijabule izimbali, udinga ukuyikhathalela kahle, ngokulandela imithetho yokunisela kanye nomswakama womoya, kanye nokondla okwesikhashana isitshalo. Akukona neze kunzima ukwenza lokhu, futhi uzobona imiphumela yokunakekelwa kwakho kusukela emavikini okuqala.
Ukunisela kanye nomswakama
Ekuphuzeni i-Alstroemeria inezinkolelo zayo, futhi zithembele, kanye nokushisa, nangesikhathi.
Isibonelo, ehlobo nangenkathi yokukhula, lesi sitshalo kumele siphuziswa ngendlela yokuthi umhlaba ungagoma. Ukunisela kungcono ngamanzi aphansi ahleliwe, lapho kungekho chlorine.
Kusukela ebusika, i-alstromeria ayifuni njengenkuthalo njengesikhathi semfudumalo, ebusika kumele kube nokuphuza kancane kancane, kodwa ngendlela yokuthi imbali ayimile.
Uma uyinqobe, amanzi azoncibilika ezimpandeni futhi i-rhizome izoqala ukubola, futhi umphumela uzoba ukuntuleka kombala wonyaka olandelayo.
Uyazi? Ebusika, lesi sitshalo kumele siphuze ngokwezinga lokushisa: ephansi izinga lokushisa, umswakama ophansi uzodingeka nge-alstroemeria.
Uma ugcina i-alstroemeria ekushiseni okulungile, kuzodinga kuphela ukuphalaza ngezikhathi zokushisa okukhulu noma isomiso, kodwa uma isitshalo sisefasiteleni eduze komgqugquzeli, kumele ususe i-alstroemeria okungenani kanye njalo emva kwezinsuku ezintathu ngethambile ukuvikela amanzi.
Umanyolo
Ukondla isitshalo akudingeki kaningi kakhulu, ngokuvamile ukudla okubili noma ezintathu ngonyaka kuyanele.
Futhi phakathi nezimbali ezisebenza kakhulu, isitshalo singelashwa ngesisombululo somlotha: Isipuni 1 sichitha ngamalitha amathathu amanzi.
Kubalulekile! Ukukhetha, kunokuba ukondle i-alstroemeria, kungcono ukuma emalungiselelo lapho okuqukethwe kwe-potassium ne-phosphorus kuphakeme, kodwa kune-nitrogen encane.Uma lesi sitshalo "singadli ngokweqile" nge nitrogen, amaqabunga azoqala ukukhula ngokushesha, kodwa amaqabunga ngeke ahlakulele.
Konke mayelana nokufakelwa kabusha
I-Alstroemeria ikhula ngokushesha, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi iba yinkimbinkimbi ebhodweni. Ukufakelwa kwe-Alstroemeria ekhaya kuyindlela elula, kodwa konke kufanele kwenziwe njalo.
Uyazi? I-Alstroemeria ayibekezeli inhlabathi enamandla kakhulu.
Ukuze i-alstroemeria i-substrate efanelekile ngokubunjwa okulandelayo: Izingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba ohlaza, 1 ingxenye yama-humus, 1 ingxenye ye-peat land, ingxenye engu-1 ye-pine bark, ingxenye eyodwa ye-vermiculite / perlite. Le nhlanganisela iyinhlangano ehlelekile yokulinganisela enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezakhi zokulandelela eziwusizo ku-alstromeria.Ngokuvamile, i-alstroemeria ifakwa entwasahlobo embizeni ejulile, ububanzi bayo buyizingalo ezingu-4-5 cm kunezimpande. Ukuze isitshalo sizizwe sikhululekile, amanzi kumele afakwe phansi ebhodweni cishe engxenyeni yevolumu.
I-oda lokutshala:
- Ngenisa ngokucophelela i-alstroemeria ngaphandle kwebhodlela elidala.
- Hlanza uhlelo lwempande phansi bese uhlola i-rhizome (phambi kwezimpande eziwonakele - zihlukanise).
- Gweba i-rhizome ku-potassium permanganate ye-disinfection.
- Ngena emgodini ocebile wokudonsa uthele i-substrate.
- Tshala isitshalo.
- Phula isitshalo ngenhlabathi, inqama encane bese uthele.
Yondla isitshalo esitshalisiwe singaba amasonto amabili emva kokufakelwa kabusha, lapho izimpande seziqalile kakade.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Alstroemeria ekhaya
Ukuthandwa kwe-Alstroemeria kukhula nsuku zonke, futhi abakhiqizi abavame ukukhulisa i-Alstroemeria ekhaya. Ukukhiqizwa kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili: indlela ye-vegetative kanye neyomzimba.
Imbewu
Imbewu ye-Alstroemeria itshalwe ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari - ekuqaleni kukaMashi. Uma ukhula i-alstroemeria kusuka emhlanjeni, lesi sitshalo ngeke siphume ngaphambi kwesikhathi kunonyaka wesithathu.
Ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu embizeni, kumele ukuze ihlukaniswe. Inqubo yokuqamba i-stratification inesikhathi eside futhi ihlala izinyanga ezimbili. Ukuze kukhishwe, imbewu igcinwa ekushiseni kwe-+2 kuya ku-4 ° C, bese kancane kancane izinga lokushisa liphakanyiswa.
Ngemuva kwenqubo yokucubungula, imbewu ingafakwa emanzini bese ishiya amahora angu-5-6. Ngemuva kwalokho, batshalwa emhlabathini kuze kube ngu-3 cm, bafafaze inhlabathi phezulu bese bethisa kancane.
Kusukela ngenhla kwesitsha nesithombo esitshalwe sigcwele ifilimu. Imbewu idinga ukuphuza umoya futhi isuswe imizuzu embalwa kanye ngosuku. Uma konke kwenziwa kahle, emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10 uzobona amahlumela okuqala, futhi emva kwamasonto amabili, amaqabunga amaningana azovela esihlahleni.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze ufundise imbewu ehlwanyelwe ekamelweni lokushisa, kuyadingeka ukuthi ususe kancane kancane ifilimu kusuka emathini okuhlwanyela.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-rhizomes
Indlela yokuhlukaniswa kwama-rhizomes ithandwa kakhulu ekuzalweni kwe-alstroemeria. Ngale ndlela, tshala isitshalo entwasahlobo. Ukuze usakaze i-alstroemeria ngale ndlela, kufanele udonsa lesi sitshalo ngaphandle kwebhodlela ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ungalimazi izimpande zezitshalo kunalokho ezinamaqabunga, nge-clod yomhlaba.
Ngemuva kokuba usufikile ngokugcwele esitshalweni, izimpande kufanele zithunjiswe phansi bese zihlanza ngamanzi. I-rhizome ihlukaniswe, ikusika nge-blade ebomvu elibukhali. Emva kokuhlukaniswa, wonke amasayithi okusika kufanele aphathwe ngamalahle.
Embizeni elungiselelwe uthele inhlabathi futhi watshala i-rhizome ukuze ibekwe ngokukhululekile ebhodweni. I-delenku ephezulu efafazwe ngesihlabathi esincane nomhlabathi. I-Alstroemeria kumele itshalwe ngendlela yokuthi intamo yentambo ayikho ngaphezu kuka-7 cm ejulile emhlabathini.
I-Alstroemeria ingahlwanyelwa ngale ndlela ngasekupheleni kwehlobo: izimpande ziyoba nesikhathi sokuthatha izimpande kuze kube sezulu esibanda.
Indlela yokubhekana nezinambuzane nezifo ezikhona
Izifo ze-alstromeria zingcono hhayi ukuphulukisa, kodwa ukuthatha zonke izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokuvimbela. Ngisho noma lesi sitshalo sibukeka sinempilo, ukwelashwa ne-Fundazol izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka ngeke kuwulimaze.
"Fundazole" ezifanele ukwelashwa kwezifo ezinjengezimpande zokubola, i-phytophthora, i-fusarium, evame ukuvela ngenxa yokuchichima nokukhuphuka komswakama ohlelweni, kanye nokubola kwegrey, okulimaza isitshalo, esihlala ekamelweni elinomswakama ophezulu nasemakamelweni angenawo umoya.
I-Alstroemeria ingahlaselwa yi-thrips kanye nemikhaza, ebonakala njengomphumela wokuphulwa kwezinga lokushisa, uma igumbi lifudumele futhi umoya usomile. Ungabalwa nabo ngezinambuzane ezifana "Aktara"noma"I-Confidor"ukuphuzisa inhlabathi.
Njengoba ungabona, ngisho nomuntu oqalayo angakhula i-alstromeria. Le mbali yobuhle obuyingqayizivele idinga ezinye izinto ezibucayi ekunakekeleni, kodwa yonke imizamo esetshenziselwa ukutshala kwayo iyobuyisela kuwe imiphumela eyikhulu ngendlela yesitshalo esihle enemibala emihle.
