AmaRhododendrons akuzona izihlahla ezinkulu kakhulu, ezibonakaliswa ubuhle obungavamile bezimbali, okwazi ukuhlobisa noma iyiphi indawo. Zihlala zingathobeki neze, zilukhuni futhi zimelana nokubanda okuphakathi. Ukukhula okuhle nokukhula kwesihlahla esinjalo, kuyadingeka ukulandela imithetho elula yokunakekelwa, ukuthena nokugqoka okuphezulu, kanye nokufaka isitshalo endaweni ethile ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukufakelwa okulungile yinqubo ebalulekile, kodwa hhayi enzima kakhulu, uma wazi konke okufihlakele kanye nama-nuances.
Ukufakwa kweRhododendron entwasahlobo nasekwindla: okungcono
Ukudluliselwa kwezihlahla ze-Rhododendron kuya endaweni entsha noma ukufika okokuqala kwenziwa kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Vele, kuyadingeka ukugcina imithetho ethile elula.
I-Rhododendrons - umhlobiso omnandi wensimu
- Entwasahlobo, ukufakelwa kwe-Rhododendron kwenziwa ngokuya ngesifunda sokukhula kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Meyi. Ezindaweni ezifudumele kancane ngaphambili (Umzila ophakathi nendawo), nasezindaweni ezibandayo kakhulu emuva kwesikhashana (iSiberia, i-Ural, njll.).
- Ekwindla, kungcono ukufakelwa kusuka ngoSepthemba kuya maphakathi no-Okthoba ukuze ubambe ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sokuqala.
- Izinhlobo zezinto ezinqenqemeni zezihlahla zitshaleke kangcono noma zitshalwe kuphela entwasahlobo, ukuze zibe nesikhathi sokumpande kahle futhi zisinde ebusika.
- Ezimweni zezinguquko eziqinile zokushisa kanye nokuba khona kwamazinga okushisa aphansi ngokweqile, ukufakelwa kanye nokutshala nakho kungcono ukwenziwa entwasahlobo, ukuvumelana kangcono nesimo sezulu.
Kubalulekile! Ngokwezigaba awukwazi ukuphazamisa isitshalo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kanye namaviki amabili ngemuva kokuphothulwa.
Yini ukukhetha indawo transplantation
I-Rhododendrons inohlelo lwempande olungaphezulu kwayo futhi ayikubekezeleli umswakama owedlulele, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuthi uzitshale ezindaweni ezinamanzi aphansi komhlaba, ezindaweni eziphansi noma ezindaweni ezimanzi. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukubheka ukuthi i-shrub iyithanda ngokuphelele umthunzi, ngakho-ke uhlangothi olusenyakatho noma olusempumalanga luzoba indawo enhle yokutshala, ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kusuka phakathi nosuku lwasemini.
Ukutshala izihlahla ngaphansi kombhede wezihlahla ezinde, kepha kuphela ngohlelo olujulile, lwezimpande, kuyisixazululo esihle, ngaphandle kwalokho i-Rhododendron ngeke ibe nokudla okwanele. Isitshalo esihle kakhulu siseduze nama-conifers amade.
Embuzweni wokuthi kungenzeka ukutshala i-rhododendrons elangeni: inketho enjalo kungenzeka, kodwa kuphela esimeni lapho ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kungangeni esihlahleni kusuka ngo-11 a.m kuya ku-4 p.m. I-Rhododendron izohambisana kuphela nokukhanya okukhanyayo noma umthunzi okhanyayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo eziwohlokayo zithanda isilinganiso esikhulu sokukhanya kwelanga kunokukhanya okuhlala kukhanya.
Kubalulekile! Kuyadingeka ukukhetha izindawo zokutshala lapho kungekho moya onamandla, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo kungenzeka singasali ebusika.
Indawo embi yendawo ezoba yindawo evulekile enomoya ovunguzayo, kanye nezindawo eziseduzane nezakhiwo lapho kunokwenziwa okuvamile - uma isitshalo sihlupheka kakhulu ngaso ehlobo, khona-ke ebusika kunengozi enkulu yokubanda kwamahlathi.
Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi namathangi okufakelwa
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukucabanga ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-rhododendron ethanda: ukukhetha kunikezwa enhlabathini ene-acidic, nge-pH kusuka ku-3 kuye ku-4,5. Umhlabathi we-Peat yisisombululo esihle kunazo zonke, kepha ungazilungiselela nalolu hlaka olungaphansi kwakho. Izindlela ezibalulekile zokuphefumula nokudonsa kahle, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthambeka kwenhlabathi okuhle.
Ngokuya ngohlobo lomhlabathi osendaweni, i-substrate yenziwa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene:
- for loam, ingxube ye-peat yamahhashi, i-humus, izinaliti zikaphayini kanye nenhlabathi yengadi ngokuqondile ilungele kahle, kuyilapho isilinganiso s peat kufanele sibe sikhulu;
- yenhlabathi enesihlabathi, ingxenye ye-loam, i-peat ne-humus iyanda.
Enye yezingxube zomhlaba ezinhle kakhulu ze-rhododendrons, kungakhathalekile ukuthi iyini inhlabathi eyinhloko, i-peat, humus, izinaliti nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso 3: 2: 1: 1. Akuyona into engelutho ukufaka ama-gramu angama-40 wamanyolo wamaminerali kuwo uxube kahle.
Kubalulekile ukwazi! Izindunduma, umdweshu, ukhula, udoti kanye namahlamvu angeke kwengezwe kwisakhi sendawo sama-Rhododendrons.
Esimweni lapho ukufakelwa kwenziwa hhayi endaweni evulekile, kodwa kumthamo wokufika, kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhethe usayizi wawo ngokuya ngosayizi wamanje we-coma izimpande, + 20-30% yevolumu. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uqhubeke nokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwempande. Kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ngemisele emihle ukuze ugweme ukuminyanisa kwamanzi nokubola kwezimpande.
Ukukhetha komakhelwane nebanga lokufakelwa
Ukuze izihlahla zikhule futhi zikhule kahle, kuyadingeka ukukhetha indawo efanelekile "nomakhelwane" abahle.
Umakhelwane ofanelekile uzobe utshala eduze kwezihlobo ezifana ne-larch, i-spruce noma uphayini. Engadini, izihlahla zama-apula, izihlahla ze-cherry, amapharele kanye ne-oki kuzoba ngumakhelwane omuhle.
Kubalulekile! Ngokwezigaba akunakwenzeka ukubeka izitshalo eduze kwama-elms, amabinzana, amabala, iziqongo esifubeni namalindeni.
Enye into okufanele icatshangelwe lapho ukutshala ibanga phakathi kwama-Rhododendrons nomakhelwane bawo. Ngakho-ke, kusuka ezakhiweni kubalulekile ukubuyela emuva okungenani amamitha owodwa nesigamu, ezihlahleni ezinkulu nezihlahlana - okungenani amamitha ayi-2. Phakathi kwezihlahla ngokwazo, kufanele kugcinwe ibanga lamamitha ayi-1.5-2.
Ubuchwepheshe be-step-by-step Transplant
Ungayidlulisela kanjani i-Rhododendron endaweni entsha
Okokuqala, udinga ukumba umgodi ofanele wokufika we-Rhododendron: ukujula kwawo kufanele kube ngu-30-50 cm, kuya ngosayizi wohlelo lwezimpande, nobubanzi kufanele bube yi-50-80 cm.Ungqimba lwamanzi luthululelwa ezansi komgodi, bese kuzanywa isithombo ku: ukuthi intamo yezimpande yesitshalo ayinakufafazwa nomhlaba, ngakho-ke kufanele ikhuphuke ngo-3-5 cm ngaphezu kobubanzi bomhlaba.
Ngaphambi kokudlulisa isihlahla se-Rhododendron siyise kwenye indawo, kuyadingeka ukuthambisa uhlelo lwezimpande kakhulu: uma isigaxa sezimpande sesomile ngokwanele, khona-ke kufanele sibekwe esitsheni samanzi ihora noma amabili, kuze kube yilapho ama-bubble omoya eyeka ukukhuphuka ezimpandeni.
Umgodi omanzi oqediwe uthululwa ngamanzi ukuze unciphise inhlabathi, bese kutshalwa isihlahla kuwo futhi ugcwaliswe nge-substrate elungiselelwe. Lesi sitshalo siniselwa kakhulu embuthanweni osondelene nesiqu - uma inhlabathi incipha, khona-ke isigaxa esingaphansi sengezwa ezingeni elidingakalayo.
Kubalulekile! Isigaba sokugcina ukuhlanganiswa okuphelele kwenhlabathi kusuka ezinalwaneni zikaphayini, ku-peat noma kumakhasi anezingqimba ezingafika ku-6 cm. Isitshalo esitshaliwe esisanda kufakwa sitshaliwe sibekelwe izinsuku eziyi-7-14, kuthi esimweni somoya kuvume ukusekelwa.
Ukudluliselwa kwesibili endaweni yaphakade
I-Rhododendrons ikubekezelela kahle ukufakelwa, eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila, njengasesikhathini esivuthiwe ngokwengeziwe. Imvamisa, ngemuva kokutshala isihlahla esincane ekhaya, izitshalo zitshalwa edwaleni elivamile lokukhula nokuthola amandla, kanti iminyaka engu-3-4 yokuphila zitshalwa endaweni engapheli yokukhula.
Kungakhathalekile ukuthi inani lokufakelwa, izidingo ezijwayelekile zazo ziyafana, ngakho-ke noma yikuphi ukwenza ngamacebo kwenziwa ngokwe-algorithm ejwayelekile.
Ungasondla kanjani isitshalo
Lapho i-Rhododendron isitshalwa, inani elincane lomanyolo wamaminerali selivele lingezwa kungxube yenhlabathi. Ukugqoka okuphezulu okuphezulu kwenziwa emavikini angama-3-4 ngemuva kokutshala, lapho isitshalo sinezimpande.
Entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, izitshalo zivundiswa ngezixube zezinto eziphilayo - isidlo segazi, umquba wenkomo obolile noma isigamu sophondo. Ungagxilisa umquba izinsuku ezingama-3-4 emanzini, bese unisela umhlaba ngokuzungeza izihlahla nge-slurry, kodwa okokuqala ngcolisa umhlaba ngamanzi acwebile.
Amanyolo angenamaminerali angenayo i-chlorine - ama-superphosphates, i-nitric, i-phosphoric, nezinto ze-sulfate ezifana ne-potassium, i-calcium, i-ammonium ne-magnesium - anomthelela omuhle ekukhuleni nasekukhuleni kwezihlahlana.
Kubalulekile! Ehlobo, kusukela maphakathi noJuni kuya kuSepthemba, ukondla akwenziwa.
Ukufakelwa okulungile kuyisihluthulelo sokukhula okuhle, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokuqhakaza kwezihlahla
Ubunzima nezinkinga
Ngendlela efanelekile, akukho bunzima okufanele buvele, ikakhulukazi uma ubheka isikhathi lapho ungathumela khona i-Rhododendron usuka endaweni ethile uye kwenye, kanye nendawo lapho ehlathini.
Kubalulekile! Enye yezincomo ezingasiza ukugwema izinkinga yisimo sokucophelela kwekhampasi yangaphakathi yezitshalo: lapho ufaka, udinga ukuthi ubheke ukuhlahlwa kwesihlahla kuya kumakhadinali wokugcina bese usibeka endaweni entsha endaweni efanayo ncamashi - lokhu kuzonciphisa ukucindezeleka futhi kukuvumele ukuthi uvumelane nezimo ngokushesha.
Ubunzima obujwayelekile babalimi buvame kakhulu ukugaya isihlahla sisendaweni evamile, ngakho-ke kungcono ukulandela izeluleko ezithile ezilula:
- nyanzisisa inhlabathi ngaphambi kokumba isitshalo;
- uthukulula ngokucophelela umhlabathi nge-pitchfork noma ugobe kusuka kungaphansi kwesihlahla kuya ku-80 cm;
- Sebenzisa ingulube ye-pitchfork ukumba inhlabathi ezungeze umbuthano ongu-100 cm ukusuka entanjeni yezimpande kanye nokujula kwama-30-40 cm.
Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kuthathwa ukuze kungalimazi ingaphezulu nezimpande ze-shrub ezisakazeka kabanzi. Ngemuva kwalokho isihlahla singasuswa ngokucophelela emhlabathini bese sihanjiswa endaweni entsha yokubekwa. Uma kunezimpande ezomile, zingagawulwa, kepha into esemqoka kungukuthi banciphise uhlelo lwezimpande lohlaka lomhlaba olujwayelekile.
Ngingayidlulisela nini i-Rhododendron kwenye indawo? Uma ikhule kakhulu noma idinga izimo ezithandekayo, noma ungakwenza njengoba ufisa. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-Rhododendrons ziyefana kwelilodwa - azesabi ukufakelwa, futhi uma ulandela ubuchwepheshe obulula, izitshalo zizohlala zibonga futhi ziyojabulela ngokuqhakaza okudala isikhathi eside esizayo.
