Abathandekayo bethu abangu-6 amahektare - kanjani ukubeka kuzo zonke izinto ofuna ukuzenza ezweni lakho? Ukulondoloza yonke indawo, abalimi bethu nabalimi basebenza kanzima.
Izindlu zokugcina zokugcina ezigcwele kule ndawo azivumelani. Ungakhetha kanjani ngaphansi kwesiphi isiko ukuthatha umhlaba wokushisa? Mhlawumbe wonke umuntu uzophendula ngokuhlangana: ngaphansi kwamatamatisi!
Kulungile, esimweni sethu sezulu esifudumele, zivuthwe ezihlahleni kuphela endaweni yokushisa. Kodwa omakhelwane banganezelwa kubo. Yini etshalwe ku-greenhouse ne-utamatisi?
Ngubani omuhle nge utamatisi?
Imifino - njengendoda. Enkampanini enhle futhi ulungile. Kodwa indlela yokunquma yini eyokwenzela utamatisi endaweni evalwe kuvaliwe. Yini engatshalalwa futhi ikhule emshini wokushisa onotamatisi?
Ukhona isiko esihle esingenasisekelo futhi akulula ukuzinakekela. Esikhathini sokushisa, uyohlale engumnikazi. Ngakho-ke, isiko lomakhelwane naye kufanele sikhethwe okufanayo ngokwemibandela yokukhula.
Ukhukhamba
Cabangela izitshalo ezimbili ezithandwayo kakhulu zokutshala okushisa - utamatisi namakhukhamba. Akunabo abamba ukushisa okulodwa, kuphela njengesenzo sokugcina futhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Umehluko ezimweni abadinga:
| Amasiko | Ukunisela | Ukushayela umoya | Umanyolo | Ukushisa |
| Utamatisi | ukuphuza kuphela empande | Yebo | ngempela | ukulinganisela |
| Ukhukhamba | ukuchelela nokufafaza | cha | ayidingi ngaphandle kwezinto eziphilayo | i-thermophilic |
Uma kunokwenzeka, kungcono ukukhipha ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile embhede wensimu eyenziwe ngomuntu ngaphansi kwefilimu, bazokwazi ukujwayela lapho futhi banike isivuno. Utamatisi angcono kakhulu asele esitheni sokushisa.
Pepper
Esinye isiko lokushisa, ikakhulukazi eSiberia nasezindaweni ezisenyakatho - pepper elimnandi. Unayo utamatisi bhekisa uhlobo olulodwa - Solanaceae. Ukushisa okuhambisanayo, njengoba izimo zabo ezikhulayo zifana.
Kodwa kukhona okunye ekuhlanganyeleni kwabo inkinga yi-microclimate ku-greenhouse. Utamatisi afana nomoya ofudumele, kodwa owomile, okungukuthi, izinga lokushisa kufanele liphakeme, kodwa ngokunyakaza kwenomoya. Futhi i-pepper, ngokuphambene nalokho, ithanda ukushisa nomswakama ukufanisa ukhukhamba.
Abanye balimi basakhula pepper embhedeni owodwa no-utamatisi.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlelo lwe "chess" lwenziwa, olunikeza ukutholakala okuwanele kokubili kwamasiko.
I-Pepper iyisikhathi esiwusizo samatamatisi endaweni. Izinto eziqukethwe kuzo ziyesaba ama-aphid, okuyinto i-pepper ethanda kakhulu.
Iklabishi namaSaladi
Zihambisana ngokugcwele nezinhlobo zakuqala zeklabishi omhlophe, iklabishi yaseBeijing, ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa ukuqinisa utamatisingokukutshala ngezinyawo. Kuhle uhambisane nezitamatisi namasaladi ashukela.
Isithombo, u-anyanisi nogalikhi
Lo makhelwane uzozuza wonke amasiko.. Anyanisi nama-utamatisi atshalwe kuphela lokho okutshalwa emifino. Ngalesi sakhiwo kudingeka ukunikeza ukukhanya okwanele isithombo, anyanisi kanye negalikhi.
Ama-Strawberries
Ama-Strawberries (ama-strawberries) ahlangene kahle namatamatisi ekamelweni elilodwa (ukushisa okushisa). Zombili amasiko ayithandi umswakama ophezulu, bona Kudingeka ukuqhuma njalo ukuze ugweme ukutheleleka ngezifo ze-fungal. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Ukubamba iqhaza kunomthelela ekwenzeni impova yalokho kanye namanye amasiko.
Izihlahla ze-Strawberry okunye okunye nokutshala utamatisi ngokwesiko 60 x 45 cm. Ngalokhu I-strawberries nutrition kufanele ibe ngaphansi kuka-30 x 15 cm ehlathini.
Izitshalo ezihle kakhulu zokutshala okuhlanganyelwe notamatisi.
Kusukela ukuthi kungcono ukutshala ku-abamba ukushisa ngamatamatisi (utamatisi), ungenza uhlu oluncane:
- izithelo (ubhontshisi, ubhontshisi);
- amakhabe;
- isithombo;
- ilamula lemon;
- isilimo esinamafutha;
- i-parsley;
- basil
Amasiko angalingani
- i-dill;
- kohlrabi;
- fennel
Imifino ekhethiwe ngokufanele yokulima ngokuhlanganyela ngeke nje ingalimazi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi kuzosiza ukwandisa isivuno kuze kufinyelele ku-20-25%.
Imifino ngayinye ine "flat"
Kulabo abasalokhu bezama ukutshala imifino ehambisana kahle embusweni owodwa, kukhona indlela yokuphuma. Kuyinto inhlangano yesikhala. Yini ongayitshala utamatisi ku-abamba ukushisa? Izitshalo eziningi "zokushisa" ziyi-utamatisi, ukhukhamba, i-pepper kanye nama-eggplant. Ukuhambisana kwabo kushiya okuningi okudingekayo, ngakho kufanele ahluke komunye nomunye.
Uma i-greenhouse inezinyathelo ezimbili ezivela ezinhlangothini eziphambenekulula ukubeka amasiko kuwo. Njengoba ububanzi bayo banele, imigqa emithathu yenziwa. Utamatisi atshalwe phakathi - le ngxenye yendawo yokushisa ihamba kahle. I-pepper ifakwa eceleni, ukukhukhamba noma ama-eggplant ensimini engeningizimu. Noma kunjalo kungcono ukukhipha ukhukhamba.
Uma kukhona umnyango owodwa ku-greenhouse, nangakolunye uhlangothi ngefasitela, izitshalo zingahle zihlelwe ngale ndlela elandelayo: utamatisi atshalwe eduze neminyango, kumele ahlukaniswe nendawo yonke noma ifilimu, noma islate noma ipllywood. Into engcono kakhulu ifilimu.
Khona-ke amakhukhamba atshalwa, alandelwa amaqabunga - kokubili imifino i-thermophilic kakhulu futhi phakathi kwayo iyoba kahle. Futhi okugcina kodwa okungenani - i-pepper itshalwe eduze kwefasitela, ikhetha umoya opholile.
Ukuthola izitshalo ezingahambelani kakhulu endaweni eyodwa yokushisa kudingeka ukulungele ukuncipha okuthile ekuvuneni ngayinye yamasiko.
Namuhla, abakhiqizi bokugcina izithombo banikeza imiklamo ehlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi, yangaphakathi. Ngosizo lwezingxenye-amamojula, ungakha amakamelo ahlukene nge microclimate oyifunayo kulabo abazovumela ukuhlanganisa "ukungavumelani" kwelinye lokushisa elithambile kanye nokungacabangi ngalokho okutshala utamatisi.
