Utamatisi othakazelisayo nephunga elimnandi Pinocchio: imiyalo yokukhula efasiteleni, kanye nokunakekelwa okulandelayo

Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zezotamatisi ezikhulile njengezitshalo zasendlini nokuhlobisa izimbali, utamatisi wezinhlobonhlobo ze "Pinocchio" zithatha indawo efanelekayo, kanye nezinye "ezincane" ezingenayo izithelo ezincane kuphela, kodwa ukukhula kwamahlathi akudluli ku-25-30 cm

Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo zika utamatisi zithela kakhulu futhi zizinzile, ngokuhluma okuphezulu kanye nokunakekelwa okuncane, ukunikela ngamakhilogremu ayisithupha nengxenye yezithelo zamanzi.

Ukunambitheka kwawo okuhle nokuhlwanyelwa okuphezulu kwaholela ezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene ekuhloleni nasekuphekeni.

Incazelo kanye nezici ezihlukahlukene

Utamatisi "i-Pinocchio" - isitshalo saminyaka yonke emndenini we-nightshade, Isikhathi esiphakathi phakathi kwezinkathi ezikhulayo ezikhulayo izindlu kuma-balconi nasewindini lithatha isikhathi sokukhula kwezinsuku ezingu-85-95. Ukuphakama okuphezulu kwe-stem kungama-20-35 amasentimitha, isitshalo asidingi ukukhonta. Ukukhiqiza kuphakeme, kuze kube yizilogram ezilodwa nengxenye ezivela esihlahleni esisodwa, bese uhlanganisa izithelo ezifika ku-10.

Isetshenziselwa ukupheka ukusetshenziswa okusha kanye nokukhipha konke. Ukuphikiswa okuphezulu ezinambuzane.

• Izithelo: zizungezile, ziluhlaza, zibushelelezi, ubukhulu be-walnut, isisindo sibe ngu-25-30 amagremu.
• Inyama iyamanzi, ukunambitheka kumnandi futhi kumuncu. Isiqu esiphezulu sinobukhulu, siqine, siqinile, sithatha zonke izihlahla.
• Amahlamvu asemnandi, anemiphetho ephathekayo, eluhlaza okomnyama.
• Izimbali zincane, kufika ku-1 cm, ziphuzi ezikhanyayo. Iphunga eliboniswa kuzo zonke izingxenye zesitshalo.

Umlando wendalo

Lesi siko sasilethwa eYurophu ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18 futhi sakhula ngokuqala njengesitshalo sembiza. Esikhathini esizayo, ochwepheshe bezokuzalanisa eNingizimu Melika bathola izakhi zofuzo ezithinta ukunambitheka ezinhlobonhlobo, futhi ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa okuningi, zenze lesi sici esitshalweni. Isiko se-hybrid esitholakale sathola ukuzinza okukhulu endaweni yangaphandle, ukubukeka okukhangayo kanye nezici ezinhle zokunambitheka.

Imisebenzi yokulungiselela

Indawo, ukukhanyisa, izinga lokushisa, umswakama

Njengoba ikhula kahle eningizimu-ntshonalanga, eceleni kwesempumalanga, uhlangothi olungasenyakatho alukhuthazwa ukuba lukhule.

Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukukhanya, ukukhanya kwemini kufanele okungenani amahora ayisishiyagalombili ngosuku. Ukushisa kwomoya okuhlwanyela imbewu kungama-20-35 degrees, lapho kuvela amahlumela - ama-15-18 degrees, ukuze kube nokukhula okungaphezulu - ama-18-22 degrees. Umswakama ophezulu womoya ungama-40-60%Akunconywa ukuba uhambe ngaphesheya kwalolu hlu.

Ukukhethwa kwamandla

1. Izimbiza zezimbali: ukuphakama okungapheli kwamamitha angu-15-20, ivolumu angeke ibe ngaphezu kwama-6-7 amalitha, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kuka-3 amalitha (okudingekayo ekuthuthukiseni ngesikhathi esifanele kanye nesimiso sezintambo). Izinto - ipulasitiki, i-ceramics, ubumba, izinkuni. Ifomu - nxazonke, i-rectangular.
2. Amabhokisi: ubukhulu abufanele budlule ngamapentimitha angama-25 ngamasentimitha angu-40 ngokuphakama kwebhokisi okungabi ngaphezu kwamamentimitha angama-20. Izinto - izinkuni, ipulasitiki, i-polyethylene. Isimo sikwele noma sinemibandela.
3. Ukusetshenziswa kwamabhodlela epulasitiki ngokuhlukaniswa kwengxenye kuvunyelwe, ngoba ukukhanya kwabo kubonisa ukulawulwa okuhle kwenhlabathi umswakama nokuphuza.

Noma yisiphi isitsha kumele sibe ne-pallet.

Indlela yokutshala utamatisi izithombo ekhaya?

Ukukhethwa kweMbewu

Ukutshala ukhethe imbewu engadluli kuneminyaka emibili ubudala.

1. Ziyancishiselwa emgodini ngamanzi ukuze izinga lamanzi lingama-1-2 centimitha ngaphezu kwezinga lembewu.
2. Ngemuva kwesigamu sehora, imbewu efihliwe engenalutho isuswa.
3. Ngemva kwalokho, imbewu iphathwa ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate imizuzu engu-15-20 noma nge-fungicide elungiselelwe.
4. Susa imbewu ngomonakalo wangaphandle kanye nokuphahlazeka.

Ngosuku ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, imbewu ihlanganiswe emigqeni engu-5-6 ye-gauze emanzi.

Ukulungiselela inhlabathi efanele

Inhlabathi kufanele ibe yinto evulekile futhi ivundile, icebiswe ngamaminerali, ngendawo engathathi hlangothi noma encane. Inhlabathi kusuka emibhede emdala kuneminyaka emibili ayisetshenzisiwe.

Kungcono ukuthenga umhlabathi olungele utamatisi, futhi Ungalungisa inhlabathi ngokwakho:

1. uthatha ingxenye eyodwa yomhlaba wensimu kusuka kulezo zindawo lapho utamatisi ungazange ukhule ngaphambi (ibhakede elilodwa);
2. isomile;
3. engeza ibhakede elilodwa le-humus, ibhakede elilodwa le-peat kanye nama-200 amagremu enkuni;
4. Umanyolo we-phosphoric usetshenziselwa ingxube ephelele.

Ukuhlwanyela

Isikhathi sokuhlwanyela: ekupheleni kukaMashi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Imbewu yokuvuna yasebusika itshalwe ngoSeptemba. Imbewu itshalwe eyodwa ngayinye noma izidleke zezitshalo ezingu-2-3 ekomelweni elilodwa lezithombo ngokujula okungaphezu kwama-1.5-2 amentimitha. Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, inhlabathi iyanisela futhi igubungulwe ngepulasitiki noma ukugqoka ukudla. Ukushisa okukhulu kokuhluma kungenani ama-degree angu-25.

Ukunakekelwa kwesithombo

Amahlumela ahlume ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-4-5 kusukela ekuhlwanyeleniemva kwalokho ifilimu kufanele isuswe futhi izithombo zihanjiswe ekamelweni elinokushisa kwama-15-18 degrees, okufaka ekuthuthukiseni okuhle kwenqubo yezimpande.

Ukushisa okunamandla okuqhubekayo okukhula kwezitshalo yizi-18-22 degrees. Ngemuva kokuba amahlumela abe namaqabunga amabili eqiniso, ahamba, amaqabunga amanga asusiwe. Ukunisela izithombo kwenziwa 1 njalo kwezinsuku 3-4, kuye ngokuthi umswakama wenhlabathi. Ukwakhiwa kwe-crust emhlabathini akuvumelekile.

Ukufakelwa

Izithombo zitshalwe endaweni engapheli ngaphandle kokuthi zifinyelele ngamasentimitha angu-12-13 ukuphakama (izinsuku ezingu-20-32 emva kokuvela kwezithombo). Ukutshala ukhethe izithombo ezinamandla kunazo zonke ngaphandle kwamaqabunga aphuzi.

Ukulungiselela ukufakelwa kabusha:

1. Izithombo zisuswe ngokucophelela ezindebe, inhlabathi engakafiki ngaphambili, ukuze ingalimazi uhlelo lwempande.
2. Emva kokukhipha izithombo, izimpande zihlolwe: induku yempande kufanele ibe yinye, iqinile futhi ide, ibe namagatsha amancane amancane asuka kuyo.

Emva kwalokho lungiselela umhlabathi. Izitshalo zeLoamy nezasolwandle zingavunyelwe ukusebenzisa, futhi akukhuthazwa ukuthatha inhlabathi endala, eyayiyi-tomato ekhulile. Umhlaba ungalungiswa yilobuchwepheshe obufanayo njengokuhlwanyela imbewu. Uma nje inhlabathi ithathwe emibhedeni, umanyolo wamaminerali usetshenziswa kancane.

Imiyalo yokunakekelwa ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Ukunisela kanye nomanyolo

Ukunisela kuqhutshwa njalo njengoba inhlabathi iyoma. Ukwakhiwa kwe-adidification noma ukujula akufanele kuvunyelwe. Uma umthamo wezithombo ungabonakali, ukuchelela kulungiswa ngokusho kwenhlabathi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isikhunta asibonakali emaphethelweni esitsha. Amanzi okuchelela kufanele ahlelwe ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezingu-3-5 ekamelweni lokushisa.

Izitshalo zifakwa kuphela emva kokuvela kwezithombo ezinhlanu ezitshalweni. Njengendlela yokugqoka okuphezulu:

• amaminerali amaminerali amisiwe ("Superphosphate", urea);
• umlotha wokhuni;
• amaqanda amaqanda;
• imvubelo yobhiya.

Umquba wemvelo ulungiswa ngokweqhinga lama-gramu angu-20 ehlathini ngalinye, noma usebenzisa i-mullein (ingxenye engama-5 izingxenye zamanzi) ngesilinganiso se-1 litre lesisombululo nge-bush 1. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-10-14 ukufaka umquba uphindwa ngokuphindaphindiwe okufanayo. Ukugqoka ukugqoka kuvunyelwe ngesikhathi se-ovary izithelo. Izinsuku ezingu-10 ngaphambi kokuvuna, ukudla kunqanyelwe.

Ukushisa

Ukushisa ebusuku: izinga lokushisa akumele libe ngaphansi kwama-degrees angu-18. Emini, izinga lokushisa akufanele libe ngezansi kwama-20-22 degrees.

Ukunciphisa nokuhlanganisa

Ukuphoqa kuncike ekhanda elingenhla le-stem uma lidlula ukuphakama kwama-20-25 amasentimitha. Lokhu kuzovumela isihlahla ukuba sikhule futhi sibe nesithelo esiningi. Futhi phawula amagatsha amakhulu kakhulu. Kudingeka ukususa izimbali ezingaphezu kwesitshalo. Ukunciphisa kwenziwa kuphela uma isiqu sifinyelela ngamasentimitha angu-35, ukuvimbela ukukhula ngokweqile ukuphakama.

Izinsiza, zilenga

Lezi zihlukahlukene akudingeki ukuba zisekelwe noma zifakwe. nge-pinching efanele nokunciphisa. Isiqu sesitshalo sinamandla futhi siqinile, sigcina sonke isihlahla kahle ngokwayo.

Uma ukhula ngezimo ezinhlobonhlobo ezindaweni zokushisa noma ensimini, izitshalo zenziwa uma ukuphakama kwesiqu kungaphezu kwamamentimitha angu-35, ngosizo lwezingodo zamapulangwe noma izitebhisi.

Mhlawumbe ulenga izingcezu ezincane zendwangu kuya e-trellis. Ukukhulula inhlabathi kwenziwa emva kokunisela ngamunye ngokufana nokukhipha ukhula.

Ukuqoqa izithelo

Lapho lesi sitshalo sifinyelela ku-28-35 ngamentimitha (ngo-65-70 ngosuku lwezitshalo), izithelo ziqala ukuvuthwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo isitshalo siphenduka futhi soma kancane kancane. Ukusuka esihlahleni esisodwa ukuqoqa kuze kufike ku-kilogram eyodwa nesigamu utamatisi lapho befinyelela umbala obomvu obomvu.

Amathiphu engeziwe kanye nezixwayiso

• Lezi zinhlobonhlobo azitholakali ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo, kodwa zingagula ngokunakekelwa okungalungile. Lesi sitshalo asikhuthazwa ukuba sishaye, ngoba ingilazi yomswakama inomthelela omubi emaqabungeni futhi ibangele ukuphuza.
• Ngokumiswa kwemvelo yesitshalo, asikho isidingo semisebenzi eyengeziwe, njengoba isihlahla sinesikhathi esifushane sokuphila, futhi ukomisa inqubo evamile. Ukubonakaliswa: kancane kancane ukuphuza nokomisa amahlamvu namagatsha kusuka phezulu kuya phansi.
• Ngesikhathi sokukhula kubalulekile ukususa ukhula futhi ukhulule inhlabathi, ngesikhathi sokutshala izithombo - ukususa amaqabunga amanga.
• Phakathi nesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kufanele sithuthukiswe ngokucophelela izihlahla, ezizisiza ukuba zifake impova ngendlela efanele.
• Utamatisi otholile akufanele kusale emagatsheni - uma kususwa ngesikhathi esifanele, i-fruiting izoba yiningi.
• Ukuntuleka kokukhanyisa kwemvelo kungabangela ukukhulelwa kokukhula, ukuwohloka kwezithelo ukulahlwa ngisho nokufa kwesitshalo, ngakho-ke ngesikhathi sokubusika kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe ukukhanya okungeziwe ngezibani ze-fluorescent.

Izinhlobonhlobo zemifino "Pinocchio" inokubukeka okuhlobisa, isivuno esikhulu kanye nokubunjwa kwamaminerali acebile. Amahlamvu aluhlaza esitshalo ngokuhlanganiswa nezithelo ezincane ezikhanyayo avumela ukukhuphula lezi zinhlobonhlobo njengezitshalo zokupheka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, futhi utamatisi obukhulu futhi oqinile kunamathenda aphelele futhi unomdlavuza omnandi ongenakulibaleka.