Ukwazisa okudala "uNewice" - izici kanye nencazelo yezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene zomtamatisi

I-Tomato Novice inganconywa ngokukhuphula labo balimi nabalimi abangabaza ukuthi yikuphi uhlobo lokuyeka ukukhetha. Yena, naphezu kwegama, uye wazimisela isikhathi eside njengesivuno esihle, ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu.

Ungathola ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngalesi sihloko esihlokweni sethu. Kulo sizoqoqa kuwe incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo, izici zayo kanye nezici zokulima.

Utamatisi we-Novice: incazelo ehlukahlukene

Utamatisi Novice ngumsebenzi wabakhiqizi basekhaya. Wawufaka esiteshini sokuzalanisa saseVolgograd. Abalobi nguLie Nikolaevna Popova noNikolai Ivanovich Chulkov. Ezihlukahlukene zibhaliswe kwiRejista kaHulumeni ngo-1986. Ukuvuthwa kwe-Midterm, uhlobo oluthile. Lesi sitshalo sinobucayi, isihlahla asikwenzi, sinani lamaqabunga, umbala ovuthiwe utamatisi.

Ekuphakameni kwamamentimitha angu-50 kuya kwangu-90 kudinga ukusekelwa, ukuhlanganisa isihlahla. Ukuze uthole umphumela ohloniphekile, kubalulekile ukususa unomphela wonke umuntu owenza izingane zokutholwa. Ukubeka ibhulashi lokuqala kungama-5-7 amahlamvu esitshalo. Ukwakheka kwabo okuqhubekayo ngokusebenzisa amaqabunga amabili. Esikhathini ibhulashi iqala 6-7 utamatisi cishe usayizi ofanayo. Ikhetha ngemva kokuvela kwekhasi lesithathu leqiniso, ne-stepon yokuqala, emva kokutshala izithombo emagqumeni.

Incazelo yezithelo:

• Izithelo zebanga lesitamatisi "I-Novice" yombala obomvu.
• Yiba ne-oval, isimo esithile se-ovoid.
• Ukulinganisa kusuka kuma-85 kuya ku-105 amagremu.
• Utamatisi kuya emathinini othintekayo, amanoni aphawulwe kahle.
• Banamacumbi amathathu kuya ku-5, ahlukaniswe kalula kusuka esiteshini.
• Ukuvuna okuvuthiwe, okubalulekile ekukhuleni.
• Isethulo esihle kakhulu.
• Ukulondolozwa okuhle ngesikhathi sokuhamba.

Izici

• I-fruiting enobungane futhi enobungane, eyenzeka ngezinsuku ezingu-53-56 ngemva kokufakelwa kabusha.
• Ukuphikiswa kwezifo ezinkulu zika utamatisi.
• Ukuphepha okuhle ngesikhathi sokuhamba, okubalulekile lapho uhambisa izithelo endaweni yokuthengisa.
• Ukuhlukahluka okungafani. Kungenzeka ukuthi uhlale zombili emagqumeni avulekile, nasendlini yokushisa.

Akukho ukuhluleka okubonakalayo ku-tomato Novice, okumele kuboniswe, ngokusho kwezibuyekezo eziningi zabalimi.

Ngomitha owodwa wesigcawu unesakhiwo samamitha angu-40 ngamasentimitha angu-40, 6-7 amahlumela atshalwe. Izithelo zokuvuna zika utamatisi ezivela esihlahleni esisodwa zivela ku-2.0 kuya ku-2.2 kg, kusuka emitha yemitha yensimu uzoqoqa kusuka ku-12 kuya ku-15 kilograms of utamatisi ukumelana nokuvuthwa nokuqhekeka. Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu kakhulu ukunambitheka okuhle. Yidla okusha, ngendlela yama-saladi nama-sauces. Ngenxa yobuningi besayizi lukhulu kakhulu salting.

Isithombe

Okulandelayo, uzobona ukukhetha isithombe kwezitamatisi ezihlukahlukene "I-Novice":

Ukulima nokukhathalela

Inhloso yomsebenzi wabalimi kwakuwukususwa kokutshala kwetamatisi jikelele. Kufanelekile emhlabathini ovulekile, uma ukhula ezindaweni eziseningizimu zaseRussia. Ezindaweni eziphakathi kweRussia neSiberia, ukukhula ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo kanye nezindawo zokukhosela zefilimu kulungile kakhulu.

Izinqubo ezilandelayo zinconywa ngezinqubo eziphakanyisiwe ngaphambi kokulungiselela imbewu:

1. Ukwenqaba. Inkambiso elula izokusiza ukukhetha imbewu enkulu kunazo zonke. Eklasini yamanzi, qhafaza isipuni sikasawoti. Thela imbewu ibe yisisombululo uhlanganise kahle. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-10-15, lapho imbewu ixazululwe, isuse lezo ezivelele, bese ugeza labo abaye bawa phansi ngamanzi futhi bomile. Bazohamba lapho befika kuqala.
2. Ukushisa Ukubhubhisa izifo ezinambuzane ebusweni bezinhlamvu ezanele zokuzigcina ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate imizuzu engu-20-25.
3. Ukuhluma Ukusheshisa izithombo, ungakwazi ukuhlwanyela imbewu, ukuyifaka nge gauze noma ephepheni iphepha. Ungavumeli i-gauze noma iphepha ukuthi lome, kodwa ungavumeli umswakama owedlulele.
4. Ukuzikhandla Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi utamatisi uthanda ukushisa. Ukwandisa ukumelana nokushisa okushisa, yenza le nqubo elandelayo. Imbewu ehlwanyelwe ngamahora angu-10-12, efakwe esiqandisini, bese isikhathi esifanayo sifinyelele ekushiseni kwe-18-22 degrees Celsius. Phinda inqubo izikhathi ezimbalwa, khona-ke uzoziqaphela ukuthi izitshalo zibekezelela ukushisa kwehla kalula.
5. Izithombo ezikhulayo. Isikhathi sembewu yokutshala ezitshalweni sincike endaweni ehlosiwe yokufika. Ngesikhathi sokuvula isikhathi esivumelekile kuphakathi kuka-Mashi. Esikhathini sokushisa ngaphandle kokushisa - ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari noma ekuqaleni kukaMashi.

Emanzini okukhuphuka (Epin, Bud), faka umhlabathi emhlabathini bese ufafaza inhlabathi ukuze wenze uhlaka olungaba ngu-1.0-1.5 amasentimitha. Okulandelayo, ubeka ibhokisi elinambewu etshalwe endaweni ekhanyisiwe. Ukushisa okudingekayo ukusheshisa ukuhluma kusuka ku-23 kuya ku-25 degrees Celsius.

Ukunisela kungcono kakhulu kuhlangene nokufaka umanyolo wamaminerali omquba. Izithombo eziningi zokuphuza zidinga izikhathi ezine kuphela. Lapho uhlwanyela imbewu, ukubukeka kwamahlumela, ukubonakala kweqabunga lokuqala lokuqala futhi ngaphambi kokukhetha. Ngemva kokufudumala emhlabathini ekushiseni okushisa kuze kufike izinga lokushisa kwama-15-17 degrees, tshala izithombo endaweni yokushisa. Uma ulandela imithetho nemithetho yokunisela nokunakekela izitshalo, i-tomato i-Novice izokujabulisa ngezithelo zokuqala zesitshalo esisha.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Nakuba kudala isikhathi eside, lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziyakhanga ngoba ziphikisana nezifo ze-utamatisi: i-macrosporosis (indawo eluhlaza), izimpande ezibola. Ngenjongo yokuvimbela ukutheleleka kwefungal of utamatisi, inqubo abalimi abanolwazi ngesisombululo esilandelayo: dissolve amaphilisi 5-6 of the izidakamizwa Trichopol, wathenga ekhemisi, engeza ingilazi yobisi isisombululo bese spray it nge ibhakede lamanzi.

Lapho kuvela amabala amnyama, okuwuphawu lokuphazamisa okwesikhashana, ukwelashwa nge-TATTU kusiza kahle, ngokulandela ngokucophelela imiyalelo enamathiselwe, ngenkathi ubona inani lezokwelapha ezichazwe kuyo.

Ukuze abalimi bezinambuzane balawule iziphuzo bavame ukusebenzisa izindlela zokupheka ezihlolwe isikhathi. Abafaki ingozi enjengezibulala-zinambuzane ngenkathi becubungula, kodwa bafaka isongo esinzima ebhere, emakhitsheni, e-aphid, e-naked slugs, e-scoops, e-Colorado potato beetle.

Kusukela kubhere batusa ama-marigolds achotshoziwe. Powder inhlabathi ezungeze isitshalo. Ngokumelene nemikhaza kanye nama-aphid kuzosiza udoyi we-fog, umdala we-herb decoction, ukumnika imithi yamakhemikhali ukumnika, ukumnika i-garlic. Kusukela ku-scoop nokuhamba kwe-slugs okuhambayo okune-pepper noma i-burdock, igalikhi yasendle. Isivimbelo esiyimpumelelo kwi-Colorado bezambane beetle kuyoba iparsley noma i-dill etshalwe ezungeze imigwaqo.

Ukukhetha imbewu yakho yezithelo utamatisi Oqalayo ngeke ushiye isikhala. Phela, ngisho nabalimi abanolwazi, ukutshala izinhlobo ezintsha, izinhlobo eziphakeme ezivumelayo kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu ziphuma endaweni yokutshala i-Novice endala.