Phakathi neminyaka yokuba khona kwayo, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamatamatisi "Metelitsa" zazikwazi ukuzibeka kahle phakathi kwabalimi. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zakhiwe ngabasebenzi baseSiberia Research Institute of Crop Production kanye nokuzaliswa kwe-Agricultural Academy ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XXI.
Utamatisi i-Blizzard inezimfanelo eziningi ezikhangayo mayelana nokuthi sizozichaza ngani esihlokweni sethu. Funda incazelo egcwele yezihlukahlukene, ujwayele izici zalo, ufunde izici zokulima.
Utamatisi "i-Blizzard": incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo
Utamatisi Blizzard libhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo ze-hybrid. Akanayo ama-F1 hybrids afanayo. Lesi sitshalo sinquma futhi sifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha angamashumi amane nanhlanu kuya kwamashumi ayisithupha. Izihlahla zigcwele amaqabunga aluhlaza obukhulu obuphakathi. Ngoba lolu hlobo lwezotamatisi lubonakala ngokubunjwa kwama-inflorescences alula, owokuqala avela ngaphezu kweqabunga lesikhombisa noma lesishiyagalombili, kanti elilandelayo - ngokusebenzisa amaqabunga amabili noma amabili. Amahlathi alawa utamatisi awavamile.
Utamatisi Blizzard yizinhlobonhlobo zakuqala. Kusukela lapho kuvela amahlumela okuqala ukuvuthwa kokugcina kwezithelo zawo, ngokuvamile kuthatha izinsuku eziyikhulu nanhlanu kuya kwekhulu neshumi. Kuhloswe ukulima endaweni evulekile, kodwa kungatshalwa futhi ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo.
Utamatisi Blizzard ubonisa ukumelana okuhle nezifo ezivame kakhulu.
Izici
- Izihlahla zika utamatisi I-Blizzard inezithelo ezinamathele kancane.
- Izithelo ezingavuthiwe zibonakala ngombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi emva kokuvuthwa, kuba obomvu obomvu.
- Isithelo ngasinye sinezidleke ezine okungenani.
- Inkinga eyomile okukuyo ku-4.2-4.6%.
- Isisindo esilinganisweni sesithelo sisuka kumashumi ayisithupha kuya kwekhulu amagremu, kodwa ama-specimens ngamunye afinyelela isisindo samagremu angamakhulu amabili.
- Utamatisi walolu hlobo uhlanganiswe nekhasi elibushelelezi, elingaphansi kwenyama enomzimba enomzimba.
- Unomusa omuhle ngomunyu omncane kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo omuhle kakhulu.
Indlela yokusebenzisa utamatisi i-Blizzard iyingxenye yezinhlobo zomhlaba jikelele. Zenziwe nge-saladi yemifino, futhi isetshenziselwa ukubhekwa nokucubungula. Fresh lezi utamatisi zingagcinwa isikhathi eside.
Esifundeni sase-Ural, kusukela ku-hektare elilodwa lokutshala, ngokuvamile kusuka kwamakhulu ayishumi namashumi ayisikhombisa amabili kuya kwamakhulu amabili namashumi amane namakhulu amane utamatisi walezi zihlukahlukene zivunwa, kanti naseNtshonalanga Siberia kusukela ngamashumi ayisikhombisa amabili kuya kwamakhulu amane namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye angamakhulu ayisishiyagalombili ukusuka ehektheleni.
Utamatisi Blizzard inezinzuzo ezilandelayo:
- Ukuvunwa okuphezulu.
- Ukungafani nokusetshenziswa.
- Izifo zokuphikisa.
- Ikhono lokugcinwa isikhathi eside.
- Izimfanelo eziphezulu zezimpahla zezithelo.
Lezi tamatisi azikho neze ukungalungi, yingakho zithandwa phakathi kwabalimi bemifino. Isici esiyinhloko samatamatisi iBlizzard ukuthi isivuno sezithelo zezentengiselwano ngokuvamile si-97%.
Ukuhlakulela ezihlukahlukene
Utamatisi Metelitsa wawufakwe kwiRejista Yombuso yezifunda zase-Ural naseNtshonalanga yaseSiberia futhi ihloselwe ukutshala iziqephu zensimu, emasimini asekhaya nasemapulazini amancane. Namuhla kusakazwa kahle e-Ukraine naseMoldova.
Uma ufuna ukukhula utamatisi we-Metelitsa ezihlukahlukene, ukuhlwanyela kwembewu kufanele kwenziwe ngasekupheleni kukaMashi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Imbewu idinga ukungcwatshwa emhlabathini kuya kumamitha amabili ububanzi. Izithombo zitshalwe endaweni engapheli ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi noma ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezitshalo kufanele libe okungenani amasentimitha angamashumi amahlanu, futhi phakathi kwemigqa kufanele okungenani ibe nemashumi amane. Ngesitreji esisodwa semitha akumele sibe ngaphezu kwezitshalo ezintathu noma ezine.
Ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo utamatisi kuqukethe ukuchelela njalo ngamanzi afudumele emva kokushona kwelanga, ukugcina umswakama ophansi, okwenza izingubo ezengeziwe futhi ukhulule umhlabathi ngesikhathi sokukhula.
Ukubutha kanye ne-garters lokhu okuhlukahlukene akudingi.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Izifo eziyinhloko ezihlukahlukene ze-utamatisi Blizzard ibonisa ukumelana okuhle. Ukuze uthole i-prophylaxis, ungaphatha izitshalo zakho nge-fungicides nezinambuzane. With ukutshala utamatisi izinhlobo Blizzard ukubhekana ngisho novini garden. Ngenxa yezithelo zawo ezimnandi nokungazethembi, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zika utamatisi sezivele ziba intandokazi phakathi kwabalimi abaningi bemifino.
