I-Ariocarpus iyi-cactus engajwayelekile kakhulu, engenawo ameva. Ngo-1838, uJoseph Scheidweller wakhetha uhlobo oluhlukile lwe-ariocarpus emndenini wakwaCactus. I-Nondescript, ekuqaleni kokubona, i-cacti ibophekile ekwakhekeni futhi ikhumbuza kakhulu amatshe abomvu aluhlaza. Kodwa-ke, lapho imbali enkulu futhi ekhanyayo iqhakaza phezulu, akukho mkhawulo enjabulweni yabalimi. Yizimbali ezingumhlobiso oyinhloko walesi sitshalo, ngakho-ke, imvamisa esithombeni u-Ariocarpus uboniswa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza.
Ukuchazwa kwe-Cactus
U-Ariocarpus uhlala ema-limestones nasezintabeni eziphakeme zaseNyakatho naseMelika Ephakathi. Imvamisa itholakala ezifundeni ezisempumalanga ukusuka eTexas kuye eMexico endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-200 kuye kwayi-2.4 km.
Impande ye-ariocarpus inkulu impela futhi inesimo sethanga noma itheniphu. I-Turnip ye-ariocarpus inejusi kakhulu, ujusi ungena kuyo ngohlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lwemikhumbi futhi isiza isitshalo ukuba siphile ngenkathi yesomiso esinzima. Usayizi wezimpande ungaba ngu-80% wesitshalo sonke.
Isiqu se-ariocarpus siphansi kakhulu futhi sithambile emhlabathini. Kuwo wonke umhlaba kukhona ama-bulge amancane (i-papillae). I-papilla ngayinye yayivame ukuphela ngameva, kepha namuhla ibukeka njengesiphetho esomile, esomile kancane. Ukuthinta zinzima kakhulu futhi zifinyelela ubude obungu-3-5 cm. Isikhumba sibushelelezi, sicwebezile, singaba nombala osuka kokuluhlaza okukhanyayo okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi i-mucus eyindilinga ikhiqizwa njalo kusuka kusiqu. Izakhamizi zaseMelika bezilokhu zisebenzisa njengeglue yemvelo amakhulu eminyaka.
Isikhathi sezimbali siba ngoSepthemba nasekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba, lapho kuphela isikhathi sezimvula ezweni le-ariocarpus, futhi cishe zonke izitshalo ziyaqhakaza eziwombeni zethu. Izimbali zinezindawo eziphakeme, eziphakeme ezicwebezelayo, zidwetshwe ngemibala ehlukene yepinki ne-purple. Ingqimba emhlophe noma ephuzi iqukethe ama-stamens amaningana ne-pestle eyodwa ende. Ububanzi bentyatyambo bungama-4-5 cm. Izimbali zihlala kuphela izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, izithelo ziyavuthwa. Zinezimo eziklanyiwe noma ezinwebekile futhi zingapendwe ngombala obomvu, oluhlaza okotshani noma omhlophe. Ububanzi be-fetus buyi-5-20 mm. Ngaphansi kwendawo ebushelelezi ye-berry iyi-pulp enamanzi. Isithelo esivuthiwe ngokugcwele siqala ukoma bese kancane kancane sihlukana, kuveze imbewu encane. Imbewu ingahlala isebenza isikhathi eside.
Izinhlobo ze-Ariocarpus
Sekukonke, i-genus Ariocarpus iqukethe izinhlobo ezingama-8 nezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ze-hybrid, zonke zilungele ukukhula ekhaya. Ake sihlale kokujwayelekile.
Ariocarpus agave. Isiqu esimnyama esiluhlaza okotshani esingezansi sinodaka olunamahlahla. Ubukhulu besiqu bungafinyelela ku-5 cm, ingaphezulu layo libushelelezi, ngaphandle kwezimbambo. Ama-papillae aqine futhi anesibopho, aze afike ku-4 cm ubude.Aqondiswa ezinhlangothini ezihlukile ukusuka ku-axis ephakathi. Ukusuka phezulu, lesi sitshalo sifana nenkanyezi. Izimbali zibushelelezi, zibusilika, zinombala opinki omnyama. Ukuma kwembali kufana nentsimbi evulwe ngokuqinile enomgogodla ovuthayo. Ububanzi behlumela elivulekile licishe libe cm 5. Izithelo zixutshwe kancane bese zipendwe zibomvu.
I-Ariocarpus blunt. Inesiqu esiyindilinga, esinesiqiniseko esinobubanzi obungafika ku-10 cm. Ingxenye engenhla imbozwe ngesembozo esimnyama ngombala omhlophe noma onsundu. I-papillae iyindilinga, iphiramidi ijamo, iluhlaza okotshani ngombala. Ingaphezulu le-papillae lisongeke kancanyana, ubude be-2 cm. Izimbali zinombala opinki okhanyayo nasemaqandeni abanzi. Ububanzi bentyatyambo buyi-4 cm.
U-Ariocarpus uqhekeke. Ukubuka kunesakhiwo esiminyene kakhulu nombala onsomi. Ngesikhathi sokukhula, lesi sitshalo sifana netshe elincane eline-calcareous, kepha imbali ekhanyayo inikeza izimpawu zokuphila kuyo. Izimbali zibanzi, zinsomi noma zipinki. Isiqu sicishe sangena ngokuphelele emhlabathini futhi sifinyelela kuphela ku-2,5 cm. Ama-papillae anjengamadayimane ahlanganiswe ndawonye kwesiqu futhi ahlangana ndawonye ngokuqinile. Uhlangothi lwangaphandle lwesitshalo lumbozwe nge-villi, okwandisa ukuheha kwayo.
I-Ariocarpus ayinaphutha. Isitshalo esiyindilinga esine-papillae ekhonjiwe, engunxantathu. Lolu hlobo lubizwa kanjalo ukuze impahla yezinqubo ihlaziywe kancane kancane. Bashubile ekuthinteni, kube sengathi kumbozwe ifilimu. Isiqu esimpunga esiluhlaza grey kufika ku-12 cm ubude sinobude obungafinyelela kuma-25 cm. Izimbali zinkulu, zimhlophe noma ziluhlaza ukhilimu. Ubude be-bud bungama-3 cm futhi ububanzi bungamasentimitha ayi-5. Izimbali zakheka kumawele we-apical.
Ariocarpus Lesisemkhatsini. Ukwakheka kwesitshalo kufana nebhola eligcobekile, elingaphezulu kwalo lisemazingeni aphansi. I-papillae eluhlaza okotshani obuluhlaza obunjengomadayimane iye emaceleni ngamasentimitha ayi-10. Izimbali zinsomi, kufinyelela ku-4 cm ubukhulu. Izithelo ziyindilinga, zimhlophe futhi zipinki.
Ariocarpus Kochubey - ukubukeka okuhle kakhulu ngemithende enemibala. Isiqu sifana nenkanyezi esesimweni, ngaphezulu kukhuphuka imbali ebomvana noma nsomi. Kuvulwa amacembe cishe kufihla ngokuphelele ingxenye eluhlaza yesitshalo.
Izindlela zokuzala
Izinhlobo ze-Ariocarpus ngezindlela ezimbili:
- ukuhlwanyela imbewu;
- kugonywe.
I-Ariocarpus ihlwanyelwa enhlabathini ekhanyayo, lapho kugcinwa khona umswakama njalo. Lapho isithombo sifinyelela eminyakeni engu-3-4 yezinyanga, siyadedelwa futhi sifakwe esitsheni somoya esinomswakama. Umthamo ubekwa endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle futhi ugcinwe iminyaka eyi-1-1,5. Ngemuva kwalokho kancane kancane qala ukujwayela isitshalo ezimweni zemvelo.
Ukugonywa kwe-ariocarpus kwenziwa esitokisini esingapheli. Le ndlela inikeza umphumela omuhle kakhulu, ngoba lesi sitshalo simelana kakhulu nokunisela okungajwayelekile kanye nokushisa ngokweqile. Inqubo yokukhulisa isitshalo esincane ibuhlungu kakhulu, abantu abaningi bakhetha ukuthenga i-ariocarpus eneminyaka engu-2 noma ngaphezulu.
Imithetho Yokunakekela
Ukuze kulinywe ama-ariocarpuses, kusetshenziswa isigcawu sesihlabathi esinokuqukethwe okumbalwa kwe-humus. Abanye abalimi batshala izitshalo esihlabathini somfula noma emaphethini. Ukuze i-Rhizome ingalimazi ukubola, kungakuhle ukuthi ungeze ama-chip wezitini namalahle ahlanekezelwe. Izimbiza zingcono ukukhetha ubumba, zisiza ukulawula umswakama we-substrate. Kunconywa ukubeka ingaphezulu lomhlabathi ngamatshe amatshe noma ngamatshe amancane ukuze umswakama ungazibutheli phezu komhlaba.
Uma kunesidingo, i-ariocarpus iyatshalwa. Le nqubo idinga ukunakekelwa okukhulu ukuze kungonakalisi uhlelo lwezimpande. Kungcono ukomisa inhlabathi bese ufaka isitshalo ebhodweni elisha ngenhlama yonke.
U-Ariocarpus uthanda ukukhanyisela ukukhanyisa amahora angama-12 noma ngaphezulu nsuku zonke. On the windowsill eseningizimu, kungcono ukunikeza isithunzi esincane. Ehlobo, ukushisa okukhulu akubangeli ubunzima, futhi ebusika, udinga ukuhlinzeka lesi sitshalo ukuthula bese usidlulisela endaweni epholile, ekhanyayo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-ariocarpus ayikubekezeleli ukwehlisa amazinga okushisa kuya ku-+8 ° C.
I-Ariocarpus iniselwa kakhulu kuyaqabukela. Uma kwenzeka womisa ngokuphelele i-coma kanye nokushisa okukhulu. Esikhathini sezulu esinamafu noma lina, ukuthambisa akudingeki. Ngesikhathi sokulala, ukunisela nakho kushiywe ngokuphelele. Ngisho nasekamelweni elinomoya owomile awukwazi ukufafaza inhlabathi yesitshalo, lokhu kungaholela ekuguleni.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kusetshenziswa izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngonyaka, ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo. Okungcono kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamanyolo wezimbiwa ze-cacti. I-Ariocarpus imelana kahle nezifo namagciwane ahlukahlukene. Ibuye ilulame ngokushesha ngemuva kokulimala.
