Izifo zePetunia zingaba nokubonakaliswa okuhlukile futhi zivele ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Ungabhekana nabaningi babo ngezindlela ezilula nezindlela. Lapho-ke lesi sitshalo sizoqhakaza kakhulu futhi sijabulise amehlo ngamaqabunga aluhlaza aluhlaza.
Izifo zikaPetunia nokwelashwa kwazo
Ukuhlobisa isikhala esendleleni yengadi, abalimi abaningi batshala izitshalo zenyoni. Amahlathi aluhlaza aqhakaza kahle futhi kulula ukuwanakekela. Kepha imvamisa lesi sitshalo sithintwa izifo ezahlukahlukene kanye nezinambuzane.
UPetunias engadini
Nakani! Imvamisa imbangela yezinkinga nge-aires noma ingxenye yezimpande ukunakekelwa okungafanele.
Uhla lwezinkinga lubalulekile, okudida abalimi abangenalwazi. Uma unquma inkinga enkulu yenkinga, khona-ke ikhambi lizovela lodwa.
Kungani ama-petunia eshiya ephuzi: ukuthi enzeni
Imbali etshalwe embhedeni wezimbali wasemgwaqweni noma embizeni yezimbali ivame ukuhlushwa yizimo zezulu eziphikisayo noma izici zangaphandle. Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani amaqabunga e-petunia ephenduka aphuzi, nokuthi kufanele enzeni ngalokhu ukubuyisela isimo esijwayelekile:
- Ukuntuleka kokukhanya kungaholela ekushintsheni kwamaqabunga nokuphela kwawo. Udinga ukubeka i-flowerpot endaweni evulekile. Ngokutshala, kufanele futhi ukhethe izindawo ezivulekile;
- iqabunga eliphuzi lingaba uphawu lwe-aphid. Kuyadingeka ukucubungula ingxenye yesitshalo ngethuluzi elikhethekile;
- uma amaqabunga aphezulu ephenduka aphuzi, umhlabathi awunazo izakhamzimba. Kubalulekile ukwenza umanyolo.
Amacembe aphuzi
Kunezindlela eziningi eziningi zokuthi kungani i-petunia iphenduka iphuzi, kepha ihlotshaniswa nezifo ezithile zesitshalo.
Kungani petunia angaqhakaza
Abatshali bezimbali bayakwazisa ukusizakala ngotshani nokuqhakaza okuqhubekayo okuhlobisa noma yimuphi umbhede wezimbali. Kwesinye isikhathi isihlahla sifinyelela usayizi osifunayo, kepha azikho izimbali, khona-ke udinga ukuthola inkinga, futhi ingahle ibe miningana.
Izizathu zokuthi kungani i-petunia ingaqhakaza ngesikhathi sokukhula:
- Izimo zokushisa ezingalungile. Uma ubusuku obubandayo noma izinsuku eziningana zemvula zibonwa kusengaphambili, kungcono ukumboza isihlahla ngesigaxa sepulasitiki. Ngesikhathi sokushisa, ungahlomisa isithunzi esincane;
- Izimbali ezintsha zingaqhakaza uma ungasusi isihlahlana esivele sishwabene noma esomile ngesikhathi esifanele. Inqubo yokuhlanza okunjalo ithatha isikhathi esiningi, kepha izonikeza izimbali ezinhle;
- ukugqoka okungaphezulu okungalungile kungathinta nokuqhakaza kwezilwane ezifuywayo: ama-buds ngeke abe ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto eziningi zokulandela.
Hhayi ukuqhuma kwezinhlamvu
Nakani! Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziqhakaza kuphela emva konyaka.
Kungani petunia yomile nokuthi yini okufanele yenziwe
Imbali ingomile ngezizathu eziningana:
- ukweqisa (esikhathini esibandayo) noma ukuntuleka komswakama (esimweni sezulu esishisayo);
- imvamisa izimbali zalolu hlobo zitshalwa izimbali zezimbali zibekwe endlini, kuvulandi. Ukuntuleka komoya omusha kuyimbangela yalesi sifo;
- ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi alukhuni ngesikhathi sokunisela;
- ushintsho olungazelelwe lokushisa.
Ukomisa kancane kancane
Izifo ezahlukahlukene kanye nezinambuzane kungaholela ekulimaleni kohlelo lwezimpande futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukoma kwesiqu. Isixazululo kuphela kuleli cala ukuhambisa imbali ibe imbizeni entsha yezimbali.
Kungani ama-petunias enamaqabunga anamathela: okufanele akwenze
Ezinye izinhlobo zibonisa ukunamathela ngokweqile kwamaqabunga, okungeyona ingozi. Kodwa kunezinye izizathu ezenza ukuthi i-petunia ibe namaqabunga anamathela, ukuthi wenzeni ngawo, udinga ukunquma masinyane. Uma amabala ansundu noma ampunga akhona ngaphansi kwamaqabunga, isitshalo sinama-aphid. Ngokushesha udinga ukufafaza isihlahla ngezindlela zokulwa nalolu hlobo lwezinambuzane.
Izinduna ezimbali
Kungani i-petunia yoma, nokuthi ungasindisa kanjani imbali
Imbangela yomiswa ngokuphelele wesitshalo kungenzeka ukubola kohlelo lwezimpande noma ukubola okungwevu. Yinye kuphela indlela yokuphinda uvuselele imbali - ukufakelwa isihlahla kwenye indawo, imbiza, imbiza, lapho kade inqume izinqubo ezonakalisiwe zezimpande.
Ibonakala kanjani i-chlorosis ye-petunia
Lesi sifo siyingozi kakhulu futhi sidinga ukuqedwa ngokushesha. I-petunia iron chlorosis ibonakaliswa kanjena:
- amaqabunga ngokwawo aphenduka aphuzi, nemithambo ihlala iluhlaza;
- imiphetho yamapuleti ijika ngaphakathi;
- zonke izingxenye zengxenye engenhla yokushintsha ukwakheka nosayizi.
Ukubonakaliswa kwe-chlorosis
Uma i-chlorosis ingalashwa, isitshalo sizofa. Indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokulwa ukufakelwa enhlabathini entsha noma ukufaka umanyolo, okubandakanya insimbi.
I-Powdery mildew ku-petunias: indlela yokulwa
Kunemithombo eminingana yokutheleleka: izinhlamvu ezivela ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zenhlabathi, amanzi angcolile, izitshalo ezinesifo eduze. Lesi sifo senziwa ngokushesha. I-Powdery isikhutha ku-petunia ivela kanjena:
- i-fluffy plaque efana nefulawa;
- ngesikhathi sokukhula, kukhiwa amaconsi amayezi we-liquid afana namazolo;
- khona-ke ukuhlanganiswa okukhanyayo kuguquka kube ukugqwala okumhlophe okumnyama.
Ngemininingwane! Lesi sifo sihamba sisuka ezansi siye phezulu, ngakho-ke kuvela ukuthi sibona inkinga uma ifinyelela emihlangeni ephakathi yamaqabunga.
I-Powdery hlobo
Uma lesi sitshalo singalashwa nge-powdery hlobo, ihlathi liyobola. Okokuqala udinga ukususa izingxenye ezilimele kakhulu zezingxenye zasemoyeni, i-topsoil, bese ufafaza ngethuluzi elikhethekile.
UFusarium Petunias
Isifo esinjalo sicasulwa ukuqhuma kwemithambo yesitshalo ngefungus enobuthi. Izimpawu ze-fusarium zinencazelo elandelayo:
- okokuqala ingxenye engezansi yesihlahla iphenduka iphuzi;
- khona-ke isiqu siyaphela;
- Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukubola.
Ngenxa yalokhu, izinqubo ze-metabolic kanye nomgomo wokuthuthuka kwembewu, izitshalo, ama-buds kwephulwa. Isifo se-Fusarium sidinga ukwelashwa okuphelele: ukuguqulwa kwenhlabathi, ukufafaza ngamanxusa okwelapha, ukuchelela.
Izimbangela Ezivamile Zesifo
Noma yisiphi isifo se-petunia singumphumela wokunakekelwa okungalungile kuphela, kodwa futhi nomthelela omubi ovela ngaphandle. Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokugula yilezi:
- ukwephulwa kombuso wokushisa;
- imodi yokunisela okungalungile;
- ukuntuleka kwensimbi enhlabathini.
Izibonelo zezimbali ezinempilo
Ukuze lesi sitshalo singabonakali izifo ezinhlobonhlobo, udinga ukwazi imithetho eyisisekelo yokunakekela imbali.
Ukwephula izinga lokushisa
Isitshalo ngeke sikwazi ukuqhakaza uma umthetho wokushisa wephulwa. Isikhala esifanele sokukhula kwesihle kwembali sisuka ku-20 ° C siye ku-30 ° C.
Kubalulekile! Ekuqaleni, kufanelekile ukukhetha isiza esinjalo kubhedi yezimbali ukuze sikhanyiswe kahle ukuqinisekisa izinga lokushisa elivamile.
Uma isimo sezulu lina futhi kunamafu ehlobo konke, khona-ke ukuhlaza kwesihlahla kuzokhanya, futhi ukuqhakaza ngeke kwakheke. Lapho ihlobo lishisa kakhulu, izimbali ziyoma bese ziwa ekuqaleni.
Ukwephula ukwephula
Uma isihlahla siqala ukushintsha umbala, ukwakheka noma ukubola, lapho-ke udinga ukusungula umbuso wokunisela. Isibonakaliso sokuqala sokunisela okungafanele ukupenda kwezingxenye zasemoyeni. Yini engenziwa:
- Sebenzisa amanzi eqhwa noma abandayo ukunisela. Kuyelulekwa ukusebenzisa okusetshenzisiwe kuphela;
- gcwalisa imbali ngamanzi uma ingaphezulu ingakoma. Ngemuva kokunisela, kuyadingeka ukukhulula ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlaba;
- izithombo ezincane zizofa ngokushesha, uma uzithululela ebhakedeni, kungcono ukuyifafaza.
Imithetho Yokunisela
Ukunisela kuba ngumsebenzi olula uma ucabanga ngale mithetho emithathu eyisisekelo yokulwa.
Ukushoda kwensimbi
Uma imibala yesihlahla iba buthuntu ngokwengeziwe,-ke kubalulekile ukuthi kungeniswe insimbi emhlabathini. Into enjalo ibalulekile ku-petunia. Kuyadingeka ukondla imbali ngokufafaza noma ngokunisela.
Izifo ezihambisana nokuswakama ngokweqile
Akunzima ukukhulisa imbali uma usungula umbuso wokunisela. Ngemuva kwalokho ngeke kube nezinkinga ngezifo ezihambisana nokuswakama ngokweqile:
- ukubola kwesistimu yezimpande;
- amaqabunga e-petunia aphenduka aphuzi kusuka kumswakama ngokweqile;
- isihlahla siqala ukufiphala alahle amahlamvu namaqabunga.
Isifo Sokunisela
Njengoba usumisile ukuthambisa, ungasusa ukuboniswa okungekuhle.
Ukuvimbela kanye namakhambi ezifo
Izifo zePetunia kanye nokulwa nazo kunqunywa yimithetho yokunakekelwa nokukhula. Ukuze kungakhubekisi ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo, kumele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuzivikela. Ungenza isilawuli sezinambuzane ngokwakho, izindlela zokupheka zabantu ziyasebenza impela.
Ungawaphatha kanjani amakhambi abantu
Akudingeki ukuthenga imali ezitolo ezikhethekile; ungasebenzisa imikhiqizo ethuthukisiwe. Ungalwa nezifo ngosizo lwamakhambi abantu:
- ukumnika kagalikhi (chaza u-20 g wegalikhi 1 litre wamanzi), adinga ukufafaza isihlahla. Uzosindisa ezilwaneni ezahlukahlukene;
- isithambisi se-soda (20 g) + isithambisi sokuwasha (5 g) + amanzi (5 l). Ukwakheka okuphumela ekusebenzeni kwenhlabathi nesihlahla;
- i-mustard powder (20 g) + 5 l wamanzi. Umkhiqizo ufafazwa esihlahleni usebenzisa isibhamu sokufafaza.
Umuthi ohlukile wesintu wezilokazane
Kunenombolo enkulu yezindlela ezinjalo zokupheka, ezisebenzayo nendlela yokusebenzisa.
Ukuvimbela kanye nokuvikelwa kwezilwane ezifuywayo ezilwaneni nasezifo
Lesi sitshalo sikhanga izinambuzane eziningi ngephunga laso kanye nokuthungwa okuthambile kwezingxenye zezinto zasendle. Izilokazane ezidumile kakhulu ze-petunia:
- ama-aphid amaza amaqabunga;
- i-whitefly, eqothula isihlahla ngokuphelele;
- isicabucabu silinganisa isiqu sesitshalo;
- amahlumela ashiya imivimbo grey kumapuleti aluhlaza.
Ikakhulu ikakhulukazi izinambuzane zihlasela amasampula akhula emhlabathini ovulekile. Ngakho-ke, imigomo yokulawula nokuvimbela inqunywa ngezenzo ezithile. Kuyadingeka ukunisela kahle, ukuhlela umbuso wokushisa ojwayelekile futhi ukhiqize ukugqoka okuphezulu ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ukunakekelwa okufanele
Ngaphambi kokutshala ku-flowerbed, kubalulekile ukuthi umhlaba ungcweliswe, kubalulekile ukufaka umanyolo ngobuningi obuthile. Indawo ekhethwe kahle yokutshala iyisiqinisekiso sokukhula okujwayelekile nentuthuko. Udinga futhi ukuhlela ukukhanyisa okuhle. Kuyelulekwa ukunciphisa izinqubo ezingeziwe.
I-streak yokwehluleka kwabalimi ukuwohloka kwemibala eseyithathe isikhathi eside ukuyinakekela. Kuyakhuba ikakhulukazi lapho ulindela ukuqhakaza okuhle kwezilwane ezifuywayo, ezinamathemba amaningi, futhi akwenzeki. Ngokushesha udinga ukubheka imbangela yalesi sifo noma ukubonakala kwezinambuzane, bese uqala ukwelashwa.
