Isipinashi sinqabile kakhulu ekushiseni okushisa, ngakho kutshalwa entwasahlobo, ehlobo nasekwindla. Kakade usuhluma imbewu engu-4-5 ° C.
Isiko asihlonipheki futhi sithandwa phakathi kwabalimi, njengoba izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinhlobo zikuvumela ukuba ukhethe ezihlukahlukene ezifanele izimo ezithile. Mayelana nesikhathi sokuhlwanyela isitshalo nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezifaneleka kangcono isikhathi esithile sonyaka, sizobe sitshele esihlokweni sethu.
Le mifuno yemifino ayifanele nje kuphela ukulungiselela ama-salads amasha, kodwa futhi nesobho ne-canning.
Kukholelwa ukuthi isipinashi kufanele sibe khona ekudleni kokudla okunempilo, futhi kufanelekile kulabo abafuna ukunciphisa umzimba.
Ngesikhathi sokutshala ekuqaleni, phakathi nonyaka-nhlobo nezinhlobo zekwephuzile?
Isipinashi emgwaqeni ophakathi kanye nezindawo ezisenyakatho zitshalwe ngokuya ngezimo zezulu. kanye nenhloso yokulima. Izinhlobo zokuvuthwa zakuqala zitshalwe kwimodi yokuthutha ukuvuna izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka ngamunye. Izinhlobo ezinesikhathi sokuvuthwa eside zitshalwe ngokuvumelana nesimo sezulu, nakuba isipinashi sinamandla okushisa, kepha izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu lizoholela ekubeni buthakathaka kwesimiso kanye nokufa kwesitshalo.
E-Central Central Russia
E-Central Central Russia, izimo zezulu ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli zenza ukuba kube khona ukutshala lesi sitshalo. Amabanga okuqala ahlwanyela kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti, futhi phakathi kokuvuthwa - kusukela maphakathi no-Ephreli kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJulayi.
ESiberia
E-Siberia, ukuthungatha kungatholakalanga ngaphambi kwamaholidi kaMeyi. Kuphela phakathi kukaMeyi umhlaba uvuselela ngokwanele ukuze imbewu ikhuphuke ngempumelelo.
Ezingxenyeni
Isikhathi sokufika kule ndawo silingana naso eSiberia. Abaningi batshale izitshalo ehlobo, ngoJuni noma ngoJulayi, kanti isivuno siwela ekuqaleni kwekwindla. Kodwa, njengoba kusesimweni sezulu esishisayo isitshalo sithandwa yi-strelkovuyu ne-tsvetushnosti, kufanele ukhethe izinhlobo ezingekho ngaphansi kwalesi simo noma nzalo.
Spring
Entwasahlobo, ukutshala isipinashi kuqala ngokushesha ngemuva kweqhwa.. Izinhlobo zakuqala zihlwanyelwa ngoMashi noma ngo-Ephreli ngezindlela eziningana, ngezikhathi ezingu-14. Izinhlobo zezitshalo zokuqala zithela isivuno ezinsukwini ezingu-25-35.
Yini ongayitshala entwasahlobo?
I-Godry
Izinhlobonhlobo zakuqala ezikhulayo, ezifanele ukutshala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, zihlwanyelwe kusukela ekuqaleni kukaMashi, noma ngokushesha lapho iqhwa licibilika. Emva kwamasonto amabili noma amathathu emva kokuhluma, amaqabunga yokuqala aphelile. Kuyafaneleka kuphela emhlabathini ovulekile.
I-Gigantic
Etshalwe ngoMashi nangaphambi kuka-Ephreli, izinsuku ezingu-25 ziya ekukhuleni kwezithombo, emva kwamasonto amabili amaqabunga asekulungele ukudla.
I-Bethrole
Kusukela kulo mbono ukumelana namaqhwa ebusuku, kuhlwanyelwa ngoMashi. Lezi zihlukahlukene kufanelekile kuphela ekuhlwanyeni kwentwasahlobo.
Indlela yokuhlomisa inhlabathi?
Inhlabathi iphekwe ekwindla. Bamba umhlaba, bawufake ngomquba noma umquba obolile. Ukuze unciphise i-asidi yenhlabathi, kuhle ukufaka ufulawa, i-lime noma i-dolomite ufulawa uma umba. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, imbewu inamanzi emanzini izinsuku ezingu-1-2. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuhluma okusheshayo emhlabathini.
Indlela yokutshala imbewu?
Ngemva kokuvuvukala, imbewu yomile futhi ihlwanyelwe embhedeni wensimu. Imifudlana yemigqa ayifanele ibe yinkimbinkimbi kune-1 cm, ibanga eliphakathi kwembewu kufanele libe ngu-4-5 cm, futhi igebe eliphakathi kwemigqa kumele libe ngu-20-25 cm. Ngemuva kokutshala, imbewu yesipinashi ihlanganiswe nenhlabathi encane yomhlabathi onomsoco. futhi wanisela ngamanzi afudumele.
Indlela yokwenza ehlobo?
Uma utshala isipinashi ezinyangeni zasehlobo, kuye ngokuthi isikhathi sokuvuthwa, isivuno, ukulungele ukudla amapheshana kuvuna ekuwa, ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa.
Ihlobo
Ehlobo watshalwa phakathi kokuvuthwa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezivuthiwe nezivuthiwe zakuqala.
Matador
Ngesikhathi sembewu yokutshala ehlobo ehlwanyelwe phakathi noJuni. Eyaziwa njengezinhlobonhlobo ezikhiqizayo, isokhethi ifinyelela usayizi we-30-50 cm.
Zirolistny
Izinkathi eziphakathi nonyaka, nazo zibekezelela izinyanga zasehlobo ngaphandle kwe-tsvetushnosti. Kutshalwe kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Usayizi wesilinganiso esiyi-17-28 cm.
Victoria
Isitshalo esiphelile. I-rosette encane futhi imelana nezimbali, ngakho isikhathi sokuvuna sifinyelela ezinsukwini ezingu-30. Kuhlwanyelwe kuze kuNovemba, kodwa imbewu yokuvuna ehlobo ihlwanyelwe ngoMeyi.
I-New Zealand
Unomkhiqizo ophezulu. Uthanda ukushisa, ukukhanya, umswakama, ngakho kufanelekile ukukhula ehlobo. Ubuningi obuhle bukulungele ukuqoqwa ezinsukwini ezingu-25-35 ngemva kokuvela. Emhlabathini ovulekile wakhula kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-frost yokuqala.
Ukuthungwa
Uma utshala ehlobo, umanyolo usetshenziswa emhlabathini emasontweni amabili ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela. Ukukhiqiza okuphezulu kuhlinzeka ukuchelela njalo., ngaphambi kokutshala umhlabathi futhi uswakanyiswe. Ukwengezwa kwe-ammonium sulfate kuvusa ukukhula okusheshayo. Imbewu kufanele ifakwe ezinsukwini ezimbili, kanye nangesikhathi sokutshala kwentwasahlobo.
Indlela yokwenza?
Uma utshalwa ehlobo, kuyadingeka ukhumbule ngomswakama owengeziwe, ngokungafani nentwasahlobo, lapho inhlabathi igcwele ngamanzi ancibilikile, futhi ubeka shazi isiko, uma izinga lokushisa liphakama ngaphezu kuka-26 ° C.
Emva kokuhlwanyela, umbhede unconywa ukumboza ngefilimu; ku-greenhouse, imbewu izohluma kalula futhi ngokushesha.
Ingabe umhlabathi wangaphandle kufanelekile ukuwa?
Ekubeni, isipinashi sihlwanyelwa emhlabathini ovulekile ukuze uthole isivuno sokuqala entwasahlobo.. Isiko esingafuni ukulimala sikwazi ukukhuthazelela ngempumelelo ubusika ngaphansi kweqhwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isikhathi sokuhlwanyela sibalwa ngendlela yokuthi isiko sikwazi ukudala i-rosette yokuqala yamaqabunga ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibanda.
Izitshalo ezivuthiwe ziyabanda kakhulu. Ukuhlwanyela kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba, ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba, kuye ngokuthi isimo sezulu esifundeni.
Izinhlobo ezifanelekayo
Spokane
Ukumelana kakhulu nanoma yiziphi izimo ezimbi zemvelo. Enye yezinhlobo ezikhiqizayo kakhulu. Ukutshala kungenzeka kusuka ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba kuze kube sekupheleni kukaMashi.
I-Korentz
Ezihlukahlukene ze-Hybrid, zakha indawo enkulu enenani elikhulu lamaqabunga. Ibekezelela ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, etshalwe ngoSeptemba.
I-Mariska
Ungesabi isithwathwa, ukumelana nezifo, ukungathobeki. Thela okukhulu, okunomanzi, okuhlwanyelayo okwenziwa phakathi no-Okthoba.
Ukulungiselela
Ngokuba ekwindla ukutshala isiko inhlabathi ulungiselelwa entwasahlobo noma ehlobo. Inhlabathi iminywe ngokujulile, engeza inani elikhulu lomanyolo ophilayo. Uma kungekho humus, umquba wamaminerali nawo afanelekile. Kuwanele 15 g we-potassium chloride no-30 g we-superphosphate.
Indlela yokutshala?
Uma utshala ekwindla, imbewu yezitshalo akufanele ifakwe emanzini ngaphambili.njengentwasahlobo yokuhlwanyela. Bahlwanyelwa owomile, umhlabathi emva kokutshala tamped, kodwa hhayi kakhulu.
Kuzo zokugcina izithombo
Ukwandisa isikhathi sokuvuna, isipinashi sitshalwe endaweni yokushisa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, nikeza ukukhanya okuhle nokushisa, uma kwenzeka ukupholisa okuqinile.
Izinhlobo ze-autumn zezitshalo ze-greenhouse
Umphathi
Ukuqala kokuqala, okuphelele kumhlabathi ovaliwe. I-rosette yamaqabunga ifinyelela ku-55-60 cm ububanzi. Ukumelana nesiqu.
Marquise
I-autumn ku-greenhouse etshalwe ngo-September. Inkathi ekhulayo ayikho ezingaphezu kwezinsuku ezingu-35. Amaqabunga aqukethe inani elikhulu lamavithamini.
Okubalulekile kanye ne-Caste
Izinhlobo ze-Hybrid njenge-Prima ne-Casta nazo zifanelekile zokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo.. Ihluke ekukhiqizeni okuphezulu futhi iyahambisana nokungafani kwamazinga okushisa. Ukuwa etshalwe ngoSepthemba noma ngo-Okthoba.
Ungalungisa kanjani?
Bamba inhlabathi, engeza u-5-6 kg we-humus ngehora engu-1 yomhlabathi, engeza umquba omuncu nomlotha. Khona-ke umhlabathi ugoqwe kancane kangangokuba amahlumela angaphumi emhlabathini kakhulu futhi angabe esomile. Kunconywa ukuthi isitshalo sitshalwe endaweni yokushisa kungakapheli ukuphela kuka-Okthoba, uma kungenjalo ngeke kuphume kahle.
Ukuhlwanyela kwesibili ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo kwenziwa ngoJanuwari noma ngoFebhuwari. Isikhathi sibalwa ukuze isitshalo sokuqala sikhuphuke ku-frost enzima.
Yini okufanele uyenze?
Esikhathini sokushisa, umhlabathi uphuziswa ngaphambi kokutshala amanzi ashisayo.. Imbewu ifakwe enhlabathini ngo-2-4 cm. Amanzi lapho imbewu ihlungwa ngaphambi kokutshala ishintshwe izikhathi eziningana. Isikhala esiphakathi kwemigqa singama-50 cm.
Kungenzeka yini ukukhula ebusika?
Isipinashi singatshalalwa emhlabathini oqhwaziwe ekwindla sekwephuzile. Imbewu eyomile ifakwa emithonjeni, bese igcwele ama-sawdust, amahlamvu kanye neqhwa. Ngemva kokuhlwanyela okunjalo, amahlumela azohluma ngokushesha ngemva kokuba iqhwa licibilike. Ukuhlelwa kwemibhede kufana nokutshala ehlobo. Ukulima okunjalo kuthatha izinhlobo ezibandayo zeBoa, GIANT WINTER, njll.
Ukulima indlu
Isipinashi esikhulayo efasiteleni noma kubhaluni kungenzeka njalo unyaka wonke.. Ebusika, kuyadingeka ukukhanya okungeziwe, kanti ehlobo, ukuphuza nokuphuza njalo. Ngalesi sizathu, kufanelekile njengezimbiza zembali, neziqukathi noma amabhokisi enziwe ngamapulangwe. Kungcono ukuthatha izinhlobo zokuvuthwa zakuqala, ngenkathi isitshalo sikhula futhi imbewu kanye nezithombo.
Izingxube ezisetshenzisiwe zomhlabathi zithengiswa ezitolo, udinga ukukhetha ingxube engenayo i-peat.
Njengokuhlwanyela emhlabathini ovulekile, imbewu imisiwe ngaphambili ngamanzi, futhi itshalwe phansi kuze kufike ku-1-1.5 cm.
Ekhaya, isitshalo kufanelekile ukuvuna okungaphezu kwezinyanga ezimbili, ngoba ukhulula ngokushesha umcibisholo bese uqala ukuqhakaza.
Khona-ke amaqabunga ayasakwazi ukudla. Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle endlini efanelekile izitshalo ezivuthiwe zakuqala. Yilokhu:
- I-Virofle;
- I-Gigantic;
- I-Stoic;
- UNkulunkulu;
- I-Victoria;
- Isipinashi saseNdiya.
Isipinashi sinamakhemikhali amaningi anenzuzo.. Kuyasiza ukuphakamisa i-hemoglobin futhi ibhekane ne-avitaminosis. Akukho ukungafani okwehlukile ekutshalweni nasekunakekelweni kwalesi sitshalo ensimini, kubamba ukushisa noma ekhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiko asizithobeki futhi sihlala njalo, ngakho-ke kunoma iyiphi i-latitude inikeza isivuno esikhulu.
