Phlox - umhlobiso wangempela wanoma iyiphi ingadi. Iphunga elikhanyayo, i-inflorescences ekhanyayo ye-shades ehlukene izojabulisa abanikazi bayo kulo lonke ihlobo. Lezi zimbali azidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile baze bagule. Ngeshwa, i-phlox igula, njengabantu. Futhi akuzona zonke izindlela zokwelashwa (ikakhulukazi uma izimpawu zokuqala zesifo zingabonakali ngesikhathi).
Isifo se-Phlox singabangelwa izizathu ezihlukahlukene - amasu okulima angalungile, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane noma amafayalini, izinambuzane zasegadini. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, udinga ukwazi:
- izimpawu noma izimpawu zesifo;
- yiziphi izifo nendlela yokuphatha ngayo;
- kufanele kube yini ukuvimbela.
Izifo ezingokwemvelo zephlox, indlela yokuziqeda
Ukuhluleka kwe-agrotechnics ngenkathi kuhlwanyelwa i-phlox (inhlabathi i-acidification, ukuqina kokutshala, ukungabi nomswakama) kungaholela kalula ekulimaleni komzimba ezitshalweni zezitshalo.
Uyazi? I-Phloxes ivela eNyakatho Melika. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-50 ze-phlox ezihlala emhlabeni, futhi eyodwa kuphela - i-Phlox drummondii - unyaka owodwa. Imbali ithola igama layo ngo-1737: Umbala obomvu obomvu we-phloxes zasendle wathonya uCarl Linna ukubiza imbali ngokuthi "ilangabi". Inganekwane ehamba nge-Internet mayelana ne-Odyssey, eya endaweni yeHayidese kanye nezibani ezilahlwa yi-Argonauts, eyakha ama-phloxes, iyinkohliso. Abantu baseYurophu bajwayelana nezimbali ze-phlox kuphela ngekhulu le-17, futhi bangena e-Old World ngekhulu le-18.
Ukumisa nokuwa kweqabunga
Isizathu esikhulu esenza amaqabunga e-phlox aphenduke aphuzi futhi afe, - ukuntuleka kwamanzi. Izimila ezinokuntuleka kwamanzi ziqala ukunciphisa ikhava labo lamagqabi. Le nqubo iqhubeka kuze kuqale ukugeleza kwamanzi, noma kuze kube sekufeni kwembali.
Usizo oludingekayo ukuchelela nokupunga okuningi. Uma imbali isanda kutshalwa, kuyadingeka ukuyithunzi.
Ukuqhaqhaza kubangelwa
Phakathi nenkathi yokukhula okujulile kwe-phlox (Meyi-Juni), ukwakheka kwezingxube ze-longitudinal engxenyeni engezansi ye-stem kungenzeka.
Inxeba kancane kancane ihlanganiswa nesisu esinjengomkhuhlane (callus), isitshalo sikhula kakhulu, silahlekelwe ukuqina kwayo (ubukhulu be-inflorescence nomoya kungaholela ekuqhekekeni kwesiqu).
Phakathi kwezimbangela zokuqhekeka - okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen enhlabathini, i-acidity ekhululekile.
Kubalulekile! Umbono wokuthi amanzi abandayo eshisayo angabangela ukuqubuka kwesigamu se-phlox akulungile. Ucwaningo lokuhlola aluqinisekisi lokhu.
Izifo ezithathelwanayo ze-phlox, ukwelashwa kwazo
Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani ama-phloxes elalalala yizifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ama-virus adala ushintsho ekubukeni kwembali - ubukhulu buyanciphisa, ukuguquguquka okubi kuvela: ukuma kwamaqabunga nezimbali kuyashintsha. Ezifo ezithathelwanayo, akukho ukwelashwa okunjalo: izitshalo ezinegciwane zibhubhisa
Awekho ama-virusi akhethekile ahlanganiswe kuphela ngama-phloxes: aphethwe yizifo ezifanayo ezibangelwa ugwayi, amazambane, utamatisi, njll.
Ama-virus angadluliselwa ku-phlox ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene:
- ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi engadini (amafosholo, ama-choppers, ama-pruners);
- ngokusebenzisa ama-molehill;
- ngokusebenzisa izinsalela zezitshalo ezinegciwane;
- ngokusebenzisa izinambuzane;
- ngokusebenzisa cuttings kanye imbewu.
Amaqabunga ama-curly (wrinkled)
Ngenxa yokunqotshwa kwegciwane (i-cucumber mosaic, i-necrosis kagwayi), izitshalo ziguqulwa:
- amaqabunga ahlanganiswe nezinhlayiya, ama-necrotic, ama-curly ahlanganiswe nama-bumps, ngokuvamile umngcele omnyama, iphethini le-mosaic ephuzi kubonakala ekugcineni kweqabunga;
- i-stem ikhubazekile, ihlanganiswa nezikhwama, ukuqina kwayo kuyanda, ngokuvamile kuthatha ifomu elincane;
- I-habitus iyigugu futhi ilula, izimbali azikwenzeka, lesi sitshalo singase sife.
Izindawo zeLeaf
Lesi sifo sibangelwa igciwane elibiza utamatisi. Ukwelashwa kwenzeka nge-nematodes (Longidorus) ngoMeyi noJuni.
Okokuqala, kunamabala aphuzi aphuzi kumaqabunga ngesimo sephethini. Ngokuhamba kancane, amabala abe mkhulu, ahlanganisa yonke indawo ye-phlox, amaqabunga aqala ukubola, bese ekhanda.
I-Phlox iphelile ukuqhakaza, isitshalo siqala ukubola.
I-leaf neecrotic spotting
Kubangelwa igciwane lomculo wekhukhamba. Lesi sifo siqala ngokubonakala emaqabunga ahluma amabala amancane (ama-1 mm) amabala omnyama.
Amachashazi akhula, ahlangane futhi ahlanganise yonke indawo yeshidi.
Amafayili eLeaf
Ukukhohlakala kumaphloxes kubangelwa ukuhlukunyezwa yi-nematodes (Ditylenchus dipsaci), noma ngokutheleleka ngegciwane (umculi we-ikhukhamba).
Amaqabunga omuthi we-plantate - abe mncane ngamazinyo emaphethelweni.
Iziguli ze-phloxes zikhula kahle, izinguquko ze-habitus - azikho izimbali, amahlumela akhishwe aphephile futhi azincane, amahlumela esihlahla esihlathini abonakala. Lesi sifo siphelela ekufeni kwesitshalo.
I-Rattle
Lesi sifo sibonakala ngoMeyi-June. Emagqabeni kunamabala ngendlela yamasongo kanye namasongo omabili, imivimbo. Umbala wabo uvela obala ophuzi kuya ophuzi ophuzi. Amabala akhulisa usayizi nobuningi. Ukukhula kwe-flower kuvinjelwe.
Ugwayi wokugaya igciwane kubangelwa yisifo segciwane lokubhema ugwayi. Idluliselwa emhlabathini nge-nematodes. Ngezinye izikhathi i-phlox ingaba yizinsimbi ezithintekile zesifo.
Uyazi? Igama elithi "igciwane" lisho "ubuthi" (okuhunyushwa kusuka kwisiLatini). Ngokokuqala ngqa, igciwane lokugunda ugwayi ("i-rattle-virus") litholakala ngo-1931 eJalimane. Izimpawu zegciwane zibukeka njengezinhlayiya ezincane nezinde. Indawo yegciwane ingumhlabathi. Izithwala ezisemqoka yi-nematodes (i-Trichodorus ne-Paratrichdorus).
Ukuhlukahluka
Ukuhlukahluka kwe-phlox yisifo lapho kukhona izingxabano ezinkulu phakathi kwabalimi. Okuphawulekayo ikakhulukazi lesi sifo phakathi nezimbali.
I-rezu ye-mosaic virus iphazamisa ukubunjwa kwe-antocin pigment. Ngenxa yalokho, kubonakala imivimbo yokukhanya nomthunzi we-lilac emagumbini (imivimbo yanda ekupheleni kwayo). Ngomdwebo ngamunye wembali uyingalingani, njenge-asymmetrical.
Ukuze ungabandakanyi isimo sezulu sezulu ezimbali ezivulwe, kuyadingeka ukuba uveze ngokucacile ihlumela lembali elivulekile: uma isitshalo siphelelekile, ukwehluka kuyobonakala.
Kubalulekile! Ukuthola i-lesion nge-variegated virus kunzima: kudinga i-laboratory ekhethekile. Abalimi be-amateur banganquma lesi sifo ngezimpawu zangaphandle, beqhathanisa umbala, ukulinganisa kwephethini kanye nezinye izinkomba ezibhekene ne-phlox enesimo esinemifino enempilo efanayo. Umbala omhlophe we-phloxes awukwazi ukubonwa ngeso lengqondo.
Ukulimala kwesitshalo kusongela igciwane:
- ukunyamalala kancane kancane kwezibonakaliso ezinhlobonhlobo ze-phlox (lesi sifo sizuzwe njengefa, futhi ukuchithwa kwenzeka ngokungaqondakali);
- ukungcola kwezinye izitshalo.
Izifo ze-Fungal, ukwelashwa kwazo
Izifo ze-fungal zibangelwa imiphumela ye-pathogenic yama-microorganisms (i-alternarii, i-fust fungus, i-septorii, njll). Ama-spores e-fungal, awela emifantwini ye-stem noma izinhlamvu zamaqabunga, angene esitshalweni. I-Mycelium ikhula ngezidumbu ezithwala izifo. Emagqabeni aqala ukuvela ezindaweni ezimnyama, izindawo ezihlanganisa, ishidi lifa.
Imiphumela emibi yefungi ku-phlox:
- ukubhujiswa kwezicubu kuzo zonke izingxenye zesitshalo;
- ukwephula izinqubo zokulawula;
- izidakamizwa.
I-white leaf spot (septoria)
Lesi sifo sibangelwa amakhowe ase-Septoria phlogis: izindawo eziningi ezinombala, amachashazi amnyama nomngcele obomvu avela emaqabunga. Amaqabunga awela.
Kulesi simo kuyadingeka:
- ukubhubhisa amahlamvu awile;
- Phatha izitshalo ezithintekayo: a) i-chlorine oxide (0.5%) noma ukumiswa kwe-basezol (0.2%);
b) I-Bordeaux liquid (1%), emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10, uphinde uphefaze.
I-verticillary wilting yeziqu
Lesi sifo senziwa ngokungapheli. Lesi sifo senziwa phakathi kwezimbali. Izimpawu zangaphandle - amaqabunga aphilile kanye namahlumela aqala ngokungazelelwe, ngaphandle kokuphenduka ophuzi, aphelile futhi awe.
Lesi sifo sibangelwa i-fungus Verticillium albo-atrum (ethanda izindawo ezinomanzi nezomanzi). I-Mycelium ikhula ezimpandeni: zimbozwe ezimhlophe (kamuva ziphenduka zibomvu) ziyaqhakaza. Amakhomikhali adla amajusi enomsoco, adle imbali yobuningi kanye nobuthi obuhlungu.
Ukuze ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo ngesimo saso esiphakeme kuyadingeka:
- susa isihlahla;
- ukukhulula imbali emhlabathini, ukucwilisa ingxenye engezansi kanye nezimpande zawo imizuzu engu-20 kwisisombululo se-0.5% ye-Bordeaux ingxube ("Maxim" noma i- "Vitarosa");
- spray lonke isihlahla nge-liquid efanayo;
- ukuhlala endaweni entsha (indawo endala emva kokulashwa nge-sulphate yethusi yokutshala i-phloxes ingasetshenziswa hhayi ngaphambi konyaka owodwa).
Uyazi? Phakathi kwabalimi bezobuchwepheshe nabososayensi, kukhona iphuzu lokuthi wonke ama-phlox aqukethe igciwane lesandulela ngculazi ngaphakathi. Kukhona futhi "i-chimera" yezakhi zohlobo lwe-varietal phloxes (esitshalweni esifanayo kukhona amangqamuzana anama-genotypes ahlukene) - "Izibhamu", "Mashunya", "Izinkambiso", njll. Kodwa ukulinganisa nokufanelana kwephethini kugcinwa.
Idonsa likaMealy
Ukubonakaliswa kwesifo kwenzeka ngo-Agasti. Emaqabunga (okokuqala kulabo abaphansi) amabala e-spiderweb amhlophe avela. Amabala akhula futhi ahlangane. Isihlahla siyancipha, umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa wehla.
Phakathi kwezici ezibangela lesi sifo kuhlanganisa:
- ihlobo elimanzi;
- ukugxuma kokufika;
- izitshalo ze-provocateurs (ama-acacia, ukhohlwa-mina-nots, ama-barberries, ama-delphinium, njll).
Ukugqwala
I-Midsummer (Julayi) isongela ukuthelela i-phlox nge-rust. Lesi sifo sithinta zonke izingxenye ezingenhla-phansi zembali. Igama lesi sifo libangelwa ukubukeka emaqabunga neziqu zebala elibomvu, elimnyama, elimnyama, elifana nokugqwala. 
Ingozi yesifo ibonakala eqinisweni lokuthi:
- i-fungus ibamba ama-cell plant, iphazamisa umzimba kanye nokulinganisela kwamanzi. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, i-phlox ethinteka ngogesi iyobhujiswa;
- I-fungus yokugqwala iyakhula kakhulu: izigidigidi zezinhlamvu zivuthwa nge-phlox eyodwa kuphela ethintekayo (umoya uyasakaza emadolobheni amakhulu).
Ukukhula kwama-phloxes kukhula ngokugcwele ngokwe-nitrogen emhlabathini, umswakama ophezulu. Ama-spores angabusika emgqeni we-mulch.
Ukulwa nokugqwala kuhilela ukugcinwa kokuvikela. Uma izimpawu zokuqala zitholwa, kuyadingeka ukwelapha nge-fungicides namalungiselelo ngethusi (i-Topaz, i-Oxyh, i-Scor, ithusi le-chlorine oxychloride (0.7%), i-sulphate yensimbi (i-1%), njll) yonke i-phloxes nomhlabathi kusayithi .
Uyazi? I-phlox emhlophe ayitholakali kancane.
Fomoz
Lesi sifo sivame ukuzibonakalisa ngesikhathi sokuhluma nokucubungula kwe-phlox. Ithinta isiqu:
- emkhathini (15 cm) uguquko umbala - uphenduka ophuzi, uphenduke obomvu;
- isakhiwo se-stem sishintsha, sifana ne-cork, izinga lokukhuphuka kwensimbi landa;
- amaqabunga aphansi amile.
LUkwelashwa kwezitshalo ezinjalo kunzima (cishe akunakwenzeka). Ungagcina izinto zokutshala okunempilo - ukusika izingxenye ezingenhla, ukucubungula ama-cuttings nge-antifungin. Izimbali ezigulayo zishisa, futhi zenze inhlabathi "Thiazone" (100 g ngalinye 1 sq. M).
Izinambuzane ze-Phlox, indlela yokubhekana nazo
Izinambuzane ze-Phlox zihlanganisa inqwaba yezinambuzane, i-nematode, i-gastropod nezinye izinhlobo.
Amapulangwe anezimpondo nezimvemvane
Amafosholo omgadi wesipuni, iklabishi moth, ezinye izimvemvane zibhekene nokunyuka kwama-voracity. Badla wonke amahlamvu, ama-flower petals. Imbali ingaqedwa ngokuphelele yizi zinambuzane.
Ukulwa namabimbi kuhilela:
- ukubhujiswa kokhula endaweni yokukhula kwe-phlox;
- iqoqo lezinhlamvu zamabhomu;
- sishaye "karbofos" noma "Inta-vir".
I-Cruciferous black flea
Ngentwasahlobo yamabhungane ase-cruciferous - ama-black cabbage fleas, ayingozi enkulu ye-phlox. Badla amaqabunga aluhlaza namahlumela amancane e-phlox. I-agrotechnology yezinhlanga iye yasungula izindlela zayo zokulawula izinambuzane:
- ufafaze amaqabunga zombili ngezinkuni (izikhathi ezintathu ezinsukwini ezingu-4-5);
- i-powder isitshalo nomhlaba onenhlanganisela yomlotha, ugwayi, i-lime ebhalwa noma ibeke umsila omnyama;
- spray fleas: ingama-10 amalitha amanzi kanye no-2 tbsp. isiphuzo seviniga (70%).
Uyazi? I-shampoo egcweleyo yezinja iphumelela ekulwa nomkhuhlane. Ukwenza lokhu, lungiselela isisombululo (ama-caps amabili ebhakede lamanzi) uphinde uphefe lesi sitshalo.
Nematodes
I-Phloxes ivame ukuthinteka yizibungu ezincane (0.8-1 mm) ezincane ezinama filamentous - amaqabunga amaqabunga ama-nematodes. Lesi isishayo sangempela sezimbali. Izinambuzane zondla ngesitshalo sesitshalo.
Lapho uncela ama-juice, iziqu ze-phlox ziba yiziphambeko, ama-blooms avela, izimbali ziba ezincane, amaqabunga afana nentambo avela phezulu. Lesi sitshalo sivame ukufa. Izimpawu zokunqotshwa yi-nematodes e-phloxes zivele kuphela ekupheleni kukaJuni - ekuqaleni kukaJulayi.
Ngokutheleleka okuqinile kwesayithi, izitshalo ezigulayo ziguqulwe futhi zishiswe, isayithi iphathwa nge-bleach noma i-formalin.
I-nematodicides eyaziwa kakhulu enobuthi, futhi kungcono ukungayisebenzisi ensimini.
Ukulwa nalesi sifo kubandakanya ukukhethwa kwezincwadi zezitshalo ezithintekile, kanye nokusika amagatsha asemaphandleni (ngaphambi kokutshala ukukhula kwezimvula, geza izicuthamanzi emanzini).
Abanini bezandla balulekwa ukuba benze izinsimbi eziwusizo entwasahlobo (uma izinga lokushisa kwenhlabathi lingaphansi kuka-10 ° C futhi ukuphakama kwesitembu akufinyelele ku-5 cm).
Slugs
Ama-slugs akhulayo ayingozi kakhulu ku-phlox, ahlanze ngokufanele amahlumela amancane, amaqabunga, izimbali. I-fertile kakhulu (ama-slug angafaka amaqanda angama-400 ehlobo nasekwindla). Phakathi nosuku abafihla emakhaya okulala, ebusuku nangesimo sezulu emini bayaphuma.
Isilinganiso esingcono kakhulu sokubhekana nesifo slugs - ukudoba. Bamba ngokubili ngesandla nangesizo sogibe: amabhodi esakhiweni, amabhodi amathrekhi, amathreyi ngebhiya. Indawo ene-phloxes nezindlela zayo ingafafazwa ngomlotha, i-lime, i-superphosphate - i-slugs ngeke isinqobe isithiyo, kuze kube yilapho imvula ingawahlanza. Ngemuva kwemvula - phinda.
Kubalulekile! Akufanele sikhohlwe ukuhlaziya amathuluzi akho engadini, izindawo zokusebenza, izitsha, njll kaningi kaningi.
Ukudonsa pennitsa
Kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuNhlangulane kukhona usongo olukhulu ku-phlox kusuka emabhodleni e-penny bug bed drooling (uhlale ngaphansi kweqabunga, lapho ephuma khona). Izibungu ziphuza ijusi kusuka emaqabunga, lesi sitshalo siyaphela futhi asiqhakazi.
Uma kwenzeka izilonda ezingashadile, amaqabunga angaxoshwa kanye nezibungu (izibungu zingase zizame ukufihla, gxuma eqabini). Uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka okukhulu, aphathe isisombululo se-Inta-Vira (ikakhulukazi ngaphakathi kwamaqabunga).
Ukuvimbela izifo ze-phlox nezinambuzane
Ukwenza isondlo ejwayelekile kuzosiza ukugcina iqoqo lakho le-phloxes. Ukuvikela i-phlox ezifweni, udinga:
- entwasahlobo nasekwindla bemba inhlabathi kwi-bayonet eyodwa;
- Faka esikhundleni se-phloxes endaweni entsha njalo eminyakeni emine;
- ukhula oluvuthiwe, ukhula oluhlanzekile, amaqabunga awile;
- entwasahlobo ukupaka umhlaba nge-oxychloride yethusi, ingxube yeBordeaux;
- yenza ukwelashwa kokuvimbela ("Maxim", "Vitaros", njll) yokutshala impahla;
- ukuvimbela isikhumba se-powdery, izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ehlobo, aphathe ama-fungicides Topaz, Skor, njll;
- ukuze uvimbele i-nematodes ekutshaleni izicupho (i-peas, i-parsley, i-marigolds, njll.), i-nematodes ikakhulukazi iyabathanda futhi iqoqe kuzo).
Kubalulekile! Ezigaba zokuqala zesifo, i-phlox ingase ifihlwe. Ngokwezibonakaliso zangaphandle, kunenkinga yokuhlukanisa nesifo - imbali ingaba nayo yonke izifo zezifo. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi uthenge kuphela i-phlox etshalwe ngokwehlukana (ngokuhlukanisa), okungenani kanye namasonto amabili ukuhlola.
