Uma ukhathele ukukhula kwezimbali zasendlini ngezimbiza ezivamile, sinikeza ithuba lokudala ikhaya elincane lokushisa - i-flower florarium. Lesi sixazululo sokuqala sizokuvumela ukuba udale kalula imihlobiso emihle kakhulu kunoma iyiphi indawo. Manje uzofunda ukwenza i-florarium ngezandla zakho futhi ungazijwayeza neziqondiso zesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokwenza lo msebenzi.
Kuyini i-florarium: izinhlobonhlobo zezingqikithi egilazini
I-Florarium iyi-mini-greenhouse yangempela, lapho izitshalo eziphilayo zihlwanyelwe khona ezigayini zezimo ezihlukahlukene nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile, izinhlobo eziningana zezimbali zihlangene lapha, kanye nezindwangu ezihlukahlukene zokuhlobisa: zisukela ematshe kuya emidwebo yemidwebo kanye nezinhlayiya. Ngenxa yokwengeza okunjalo, kungenzeka ukudala izingqikithi ezibukeka kakhulu ezibukhoma ezingahle zihlobise noma yiliphi igumbi.
Uyazi? Isiko sokwakha i-florariums sibuyela ku-XІХ ikhulu leminyaka. Ngalezo zinsuku, izingoma ezinjalo zazihlobisa amafasitela ezitolo nezama-salon, njengoba iziqukathi zangilazi zazibukeka zikhangeleka kakhulu kunezimbiza zobumba noma izibhakabhaka zokhuni.
Esinye isici se-florariums wukuthi ngokuzidala, udala uhlelo oluthile lwezinto eziphilayo nezandla zakho. Phela, ngokuvamile kuvame ukusetshenziswa kulolu njongo izitsha ezivaliwe, lapho ukukhula kwezimbali kunomoya okhuphuka kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngisho nezitshalo ezishisayo zingakhula ezinhlobonhlobo zezimbali, ezingaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile cishe ezingahlali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo e-florarium ngeke kube nzima, ngoba bona ngokwabo bayothola umswakama, futhi ukhula kuleso sakhiwo lubonakala kancane kancane.Izici zelungiselelo le-florarium
Umbuzo wendlela yokwenza i-florarium, ihlanganisa izici eziningi zokwakha indlu yokushisa yasekhaya, okuyinto, ikakhulukazi, ephathelene nokukhetha ukutshala amandla kwezitshalo, nokukhethwa kwezitshalo ngokwabo. Ngezansi sihlunga amaphuzu asemqoka okufanele sicatshangelwe uma udala ukwakheka kwamathini ngezandla zakho.
Ukukhetha indawo ye-florarium
Ukubekwa kwe-greenhouse encane kuyoxhomekeka kunoma yiliphi ubungako be-florarium kanye nokuthi luhlobo luni lwezimbali ezitshalwe kuyo. Njengoba i-aquarium enkulu ayikwazi ukufakwa kwi-sill window, kufanelekile ukuqoqa isitshalo esingakhula ngempumelelo emthunzini okhethekile. Kodwa uma ukutshala izindawo ezinamakhaza e-florarium kufanele kube njengokukhanya okusemandleni.
Esinye isici sihlanganiswa nengaphakathi. Lezo zindawo zokugcina izithombo ezincane zibukeka kahle kakhulu, ngoba azikhanga kuphela ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zezitshalo, kodwa futhi nokugcwalisa imbiza (ezinye "izakhamizi" zingathuthuka ngokuphumelelayo ngisho nasesihlabathini esimhlophe noma e-aquagrunt ekhethekile). Kungcono ukubeka phakathi kwetafula ukuze ubheke ukuhlelwa kwembali kusuka kuzo zonke izinhlangothi.
Yiziphi izitshalo ezifanele florarium?
Izitshalo ze-florarium kufanele zikhethwe ngokucophelela, ukunaka izici ezinjalo:
- ukubekezelelana komswakama ophezulu, okungenakubekwa ukuthi ube khona esikhaleni esivinjelwe isigamu sesitsha seglasi;
- usayizi wezitshalo (imbali ngayinye akufanele ikhule ngaphezu kwama-20 cm, nakuba ngabe amandla akho e-florarium encane kakhulu, khona-ke ubukhulu besitshalo kufanele bufane);
- ukukhula okusheshayo kwezitshalo ezizovumela isikhathi eside ukugcina uhlobo lokuqala lokwakheka;
- ukuhambisana kwemibala ngomunye nomunye ngesici sokuhlobisa, kanye nakwezinga lokukhula nokunakekelwa okudinga;
- uma ufuna ukubona izitshalo zezimbali e-florarium yakho, bese ucabangela ukuthambekela kwabo ukubola ngemuva kokuhluma izimbali (ngalezi violets, i-azaleas kanye nama-cyclamens, okukhulunywa kahle kakhulu emiphakathini evulekile nasezindaweni eziphephile).
Ukwenza kube lula kuwe ukuba ubhekane nomsebenzi wokukhetha isitshalo se-florarium, sizobhala uhlu olufanele kakhulu:- AmaFerns
- Fittonia.
- I-Crotons.
- I-Maranta.
- Selaginella.
- Alokazy.
- I-Dieffenbachia.
- I-Calathea.
- Calaal calamus
Ukuze uhlobise isitsha seglasi, ungasebenzisa izitshalo zezimbali, kodwa kulokhu kuyodingeka ufake amadivaysi aphumule angaphandle kwe-florarium, ngenxa yokuthi umswakama ngaphakathi kwesitsha uzokwehla.I-Cacti - ayiyona into ehle kunazo zonke ye-florarium, kuphela uma singakhulumi ngezinhlobo ezishisayo ezingakhula ngisho nasezingeni eliphezulu lokushisa nomswakama. Kulesi simo, kungcono ukutshala ama-succulent aquarium, izinhlobo eziningi zazo ezifana ne-cacti.
Kubalulekile! Ezingqungqutheleni ezinjalo, ama-moss akhethekile asetshenziselwa i-florarium, okungukuthi, ngaphezu kwe-value yayo yokuhlobisa, ivumela ukuthi igcine umswakama ngaphakathi kwe-tank.Ama-orchids afaneleka kakhulu ngezinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo, nokho, kulokhu kuzodingeka usebenzise ama-florarium akhethekile, lapho kusetshenzwa khona ukushisa, i-barometer ne-fan.
Ukukhethwa kwendawo kanye nesitsha seglasi for florarium
Izitidi ezincane egilajini zingasetshenziswa cishe noma yisiphi isitsha esingafihli, esingadingeki sibe yiglasi (imikhiqizo yepulasitiki ayikho ngaphansi kweglasi). Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, uma igcwele isihlabathi nezinye izakhi, amandla okusebenza angakwazi ukumelana nomthwalo futhi angahlukanisi. Uma ufuna ukudala i-florarium ye-geometri, ungahlwanyela izimbali endaweni yebhasikidi noma ibhodlela lezakhi ezithakazelisayo. Ngendlela, i-bottle florariums iyathandwa kakhulu, ngoba indalo yabo idinga umzamo omkhulu. Kunezihlobo ezinjalo zezimbali ezifana nalezi:
- encane - ukutshala izitshalo zasendlini ngezibuko noma izibuko;
i-florarium enezindonga, amandla ayo, ngokuvamile, adinga ukuthengwa, ngoba idinga isitsha esithile esikhethekile futhi kungenzeka ukuthi sibophe odongeni (amaflasks afanayo noma izibuko zingasindiswa ngendlela efanayo);- i-aquarium yilona uhlobo olukhulu kunazo zonke lwe-florarium, engadalwa ngokusebenzisa ama-aquariums wangempela angama-rectangular noma azungezile;
- ihlanganiswe ngokugcwele - insimbi yeglasi isetshenziselwa le njongo, lapho i-pallet enomhlabathi efakwe khona.
i-florarium enezindonga, amandla ayo, ngokuvamile, adinga ukuthengwa, ngoba idinga isitsha esithile esikhethekile futhi kungenzeka ukuthi sibophe odongeni (amaflasks afanayo noma izibuko zingasindiswa ngendlela efanayo);Indlela yokukhetha inhlabathi ye-florarium?
Ukuze uthole izitshalo e-florarium, inhlabathi evulekile ene-neutral acidity efanelekile. Ngakho-ke, indlela elula ukuthenga esitolo ukuxuba okulungiselelwe ama-ferns, okungafani nendawo ecacisiwe. Kodwa nokho, kunengqondo kakhulu ukugxila ezidingo zembali ngayinye. Isibonelo, uma ukhula nge-selaginella, ungavumeli i-lime ibe emhlabathini.
Esinye isici esibalulekile sokulungiselela i-substrate ye-florarium ukungabi nesidingo somanyolo walo. Phela, uma kunezakhi eziningi emhlabathini, izitshalo zizokhula ngokushesha futhi ziphazamise ukukhangiswa kokubunjwa. Futhi, inhlabathi kufanele ibe lula, ukuze ingabikho ekuboyeni kwesimiso sezimpande zezimbali. Uma ulungiselela i-substrate ngokwakho, sebenzisa izingxenye ezilinganayo kulo:
- i-peat;
- i-perlite;
- i-vermiculite.
Ku-acidity yenhlanganisela yenhlabathi eyabangela ukuthi yamukelekile ezitshalweni, ungangeza isipuni esingu-1 sefulawa le-dolomite. Uma utshala ama-cacti noma ama-succulents, engeza isihlabathi esisodwa noma i-gravel emihle.Izici ukubekwa kwezitshalo kwisitsha seglasi
Ngaphambi kokutshala izitshalo esitsheni, kubalulekile ukunquma ukuthi uwubeka kuphi. Uma itholakala eduze nodonga, zonke "izakhamuzi" kufanele zibekwe ukuze lobunjwa bukhangele kuphela ohlangothini olulodwa. Isibonelo, zitshala izinhlobo eziphakeme zezimbali ngemuva, bese ushiya umsila ngaphambili. Kodwa kungcono ukutshala izitshalo ngendlela ephakathi, ngoba i-florarium izobe isadingeka ukushintshwa ngokuphathelene nomthombo wokukhanya ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukukhula okufanayo nokuqondiswa kwezimbali. Kulesi simo, izitshalo ezide kakhulu zitshalwe phakathi, futhi ezansi zibekwe nxazonke.
Kubalulekile! Uma udala i-florarium enkulu ngokwanele (isibonelo, i-aquarium), khona-ke izimbali ezikuyo zingabekwa ngqo ezimbizeni, ezivele zihlotshiswe ngama-moss noma ama-shells. Uma zihlwanyelwe ngqo kwisitsha seglasi, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukwakha ungqimba lwamanzi, isilinganiso salo kulo lonke ingxenye yesigcawu kufanele sibe yi-1: 3.Uma utshala izitshalo e-florarium, cabanga ngemithetho elandelayo:
- Umthamo wezitshalo kumele uhlanzeke, njengokusebenzisa lapho i-aquarium endala, ingaba nesifo ngezifo ezehlukene;
- Ungazami ukutshala ngesikhathi esifanayo izitshalo eziningi, ngoba ukuhlwanyela okuvuthayo kuzothuthukisa izimbali ukuba zikhuphuke;
- khetha izitshalo zokwakheka ngesidingo esifanayo sokukhanya, inhlabathi nomswakama.
Imithetho yokunakekelwa kwe-florarium
Ukunakekelwa kwe-florarium akudingeki, ngoba ngaphakathi kwesitsha seglasi kukhona i-ecosystem ehlukile, eyazimele, ehlinzeka ngomswakama. Noma kunjalo, ezinye izidingo ezibalulekile zisadingeka zihambisane nazo.
Kufanele kube yini ukukhanya?
Uma udala i-florarium ngezandla zakho ezithandweni ezithandayo, khona-ke kuzodinga ukukhanya okuningi, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi ingawa phezu kwezitshalo ngakwesokudla. (lokhu kubeka kungabangela ukushisa emaqabunga). Ngokuvamile, zonke izitshalo ezishisayo ezifanele ukukhula emahlathini, zibekezelela kahle i-penumbra, ngakho-ke zingathuthuka kalula ngisho nasezindaweni ezikude zekamelo. 
Uyazi? Eduzane ne-florarium, ungafaka izibani ezihlukene (izibani noma ama-LED), okuhlelwe khona emnyama, ukuhlelwa kwembali kuzobukeka ngokukhanga kakhulu. Futhi i-floraria ingahlotshwa ngesihloko samaholide: Unyaka Omusha noma i-Easter.
Umswakama nokushisa
Izimbali ze-florarium azidingi izinguquko ekushiseni ehlobo nasebusika, ngakho zingagcinwa ekamelweni lokushisa emnyakeni wonke unyaka wonke. Kodwa umswakama womoya, esimweni esinjalo, ngeke ube ukukhathazeka kwakho nhlobo, ngoba umswakama emva kokunisela okunye ungaqhubeka isikhathi eside esitsheni sesilazi futhi izitshalo ngokwazo zizokwenza zona zibe yi-microclimate ezifunayo. Ngakho-ke, ngisho noma unomoya owomile endlini yakho ngenxa yemvula, umswakama e-florarium uzohlala ephakeme kakhulu.
Izici zokutshala nokutshala izitshalo kule florarium
Ukuphendula umbuzo "Indlela yokunakekela i-florarium?", Ingxenye ebunzima kakhulu ihlobene nezitshalo zokunisela. Iqiniso liwukuthi ukuletha umswakama emhlabathini ngale ndlela yokulima kuyoba nokuncane kakhulu kunokulimala okuvamile kwezimbali. Uma uqaphela ukuthi inhlabathi yaqala ukumelela okungenani kancane, khona-ke isitshalo kufanele siphuze. Ngezikhathi ezithile, ungafiphala amaqabunga ngebhodlela le-spray.
Zalisa izitshalo ku-florarium - akufanele. Njengoba kuphawuliwe ekuqaleni, lokhu kungaholela ekukhuleni okusheshayo, okungeyona efiselekayo ngenxa yesikhala esinqunyiwe esitsheni. Inhlabathi e-florarium inconywa ukuba ishintshwe njalo eminyakeni engu-2-3.
Sithemba ukuthi ibhukwana lethu lokudala i-florarium labaqalayo lizosiza ukufeza iphupho lendawo yokushisa yasekhaya bese uthola ilungiselelo lakho lokuhlobisa. Khumbula futhi ukuthi i-florarium akudingeki yenziwe isikhathi eside: izimbali ezikuyo zingatshala ngokusho kwenkathi.
