Kuyini i-leaf beet futhi kuthiwa kanjani? Incazelo, izithombe, ukukhula nokunakekelwa

Naphezu kokuthi amaqabunga amaqabunga awaziwa yiwo wonke umuntu, ahlonishwa kakhulu ngabalimi nabalimi. Futhi akuyona nje ukunambitheka okukhulu, kodwa futhi nezinzuzo zalesi siko.

Esihlokweni sethu sizokutshela ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nomlando wemvelaphi yale mifino, mayelana nezici zayo kanye nokungafani kusuka kubhontshisi ovamile, ukutshela ngazo zonke izindawo zayo ezizuzisayo nezindlela zokusebenzisa ekuphekeni. Uzofunda ukuthi ungakhula kanjani isiko ngendlela efanele, uhlobo luni lokunakekela oludinga nokuthi yiziphi izifo nezinambuzane ezingasongela. Ungabuye ubuke ividiyo ewusizo ngalesi sihloko.

Incazelo futhi umehluko mayelana nezinyosi ezijwayelekile

Kuyini futhi luhlobo luni lwesithombo sebhitrudi? Igama lesibili lezinhlobo liluhlaza. Lena yi-subspecies yezinyosi ezijwayelekile. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zale mifino, okungukuthi iqabunga futhi lihlehlisiwe.

Zombili izinhlobo zine-taproot. Ngaphezu kwalokho, chard inomkhiqizo ophezulu. Emapulazini amakhulu afinyelela ku-70-100 t / ha.

I-chard ihluke ezinhlotsheni ezijwayelekile ze-beetroot ngokungabi khona kwezitshalo zempande. Lesi sitshalo sibalwa ngamaqabunga nama-petioles, eyaziwa ngenani labo lokudla okunomsoco.

Sincoma ukuthi ubuke ividiyo mayelana nezici zama-beet leaf (chard):

Umlando wokuzala

Umlando wokutshala i-chard uneminyaka engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezintathu. Ivela eGibhithe lasendulo naseRoma, yingakho i-chard ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi "iklabishi yaseRoma". Ngenxa yezindawo zayo kanye nokunambitheka, ama-beet amaqabunga ngokushesha athola ukuthandwa phakathi kwezizwe eziningi. ERussia, i-chard isaziwa kancane, kodwa kancane kancane ivusa isithakazelo esengeziwe.

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani ekuphekeni?

Izinketho zokusetshenziswa kwezinhlamvu zeqabunga ezihlukahlukene kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, isiko lisetshenziselwa ukulungiselela ama saladi aluhlaza, i-beetroot, isobho. Njengengxube yezifundo zambili amaqabunga amancane asithandwa. Amaqabunga amancane athambile kakhulu, angabiliswa noma gazinga emafutheni.

Ngezinye izikhathi amaqabunga e-chard, ama-chard, kokubili kanye neklabishi, kanye neziqu zinyuka futhi zidliwe kanye ne-asparagus. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Ama-beet amaqabunga asetshenziswe ngempumelelo ukupheka iklabishi.

Sincoma ukubukela ividiyo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwama-beet leaf (chard) ekuphekeni:

Amandla nobuthakathaka

Ngenxa yamaqabunga awo aqhakazile, i-chard ikhulile ngempumelelo njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa.

Kunezinzuzo ezimbalwa zamaqabunga amaqabunga.. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• Ukuvuthwa kokuqala (mayelana nezinye izinhlobo zezinyosi zakuqala zifundwa lapha).
• Ukunambitheka okuphezulu.
• Ukungathobeki kokulima.
• Ukubukeka okukhangayo.
• Umkhiqizo ophezulu.
• Ukuhluma isikhathi eside.

Ukungahleleki akubandakanyi ukumelana nokuqina kwamaqabunga kwesiko. Kuyinto isitshalo biennial, kodwa ayibekezelele ubusika yonke indawo. I-Russia ingenye yamazwe anesimo sezulu esihle kakhulu. Sibhale lapha mayelana nezinhlobo ze-beet ezifanele ukukhula eRussia ephakathi, futhi kulesi sihloko uzofunda ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zezinyosi ezingahlakulelwa ku-Urals.

Zuza kanye nokulimala

I-Mangold ingabizwa ngokuphepha ngokuthi isiko eliwusizo kuzo zonke izici.. Amaphilisi angama-poly-phenylic antioxidants atholakale emaqabeni ayo, kuhlanganise ne-kaempferol, okunciphisa amathuba okuthuthukisa i-oncology. Kanye ne-kaempferol, ama-beet amaqabunga aqukethe i-lilac acid, ephethe ukulawulwa kwe-ushukela wegazi.

Njenge-beet, i-chard yaziwa ngokuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kwe-betalains - antioxidants enamandla. Ama-beet amaLeaf anamavithamini amaningi namacronutrients. Isibonelo, ama-100g kuphela amaqabunga amasha aqukethe ingxenye engaphezu kwengxenye yemfuneko yansuku zonke ye-magnesium yomzimba wethu. I-Mangold isiza ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lwezinhliziyo, ukubhekana nokukhuluphala ngokweqile, i-anemia ne-vitamin lack.

Naphezu kwazo zonke izinzuzo zama-beet amaqabunga, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi inani levithamini K ekubunjweni kwalo liphakeme kakhulu kunezinga lezinsuku zonke. Ukudlula ngokweqile emzimbeni kuhlanganisa ukwanda kwamaplatelet kanye nokwanda kwe-viscosity yegazi. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu kulabo abahlukunyezwa nge-varicose veins noma thrombophlebitis. Esinye isici esingakwazi ukuzuza kuphela, kodwa futhi silimaze - i-oxalic acid.

Ibhodi: Ngakho-ke, kunenkinga yokuthi abantu abanezinso noma izinkinga zesibindi sezinyosi babilise le chard ngaphambi kokudla.

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa

• Izinto zembewu. Imbewu yesikhumba ingathengwa esitolo esikhethekile. Izindleko ziyahlukahluka kusuka ku-20-200 ruble iphakheji ngayinye, kuye ngokuthi ibanga elikhethiwe.
• Isikhathi sokufika. Isikhathi esihle sokutshala imbewu ngo-Ephreli, mhlawumbe phakathi nenyanga noma ekupheleni kwenyanga.
• Ukukhetha indawo yokufika. Indawo ekhanyayo iyafaneleka kakhulu. Uma ilanga linganele, lesi sitshalo siyobuthelela i-nitrate.
• Umhlaba. Cishe noma yikuphi umhlabathi kufanelekile ukutshala umdwebo - into eyinhloko ukuthi kufanele ivuleke futhi ifinyeleleke ngokulinganisela. Akukho umswakama owedlulele noma ukugqoka ngokweqile okufanele kuvunyelwe.
• Ukufika. Ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu ihlwanyelwe usuku lokuhluma kangcono. Imbewu itshalwe phansi emkhatsini wamasentimitha angu-2-5 komunye nomunye, ihlanganiswe kuze kufike kumamitha amabili ububanzi. Uma ukufika kuphelile kakhulu, kungcono ukusebenzisa izinto zokumboza.
• Ukushisa. Kucatshangwa ukuthi izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokutshala ama-beet amaqabunga - ama-15-25 degrees, phakathi nenkathi yezimbali - 20-25. Noma kunjalo, i-chard ingakwazi ukubekezelela ukushisa kuze kufike ku-+35 kanye nama-frost alula kuya ku -3. Emazingeni okushisa aphakeme, iziqu zezitshalo ziba pink, futhi emazingeni okushisa aphansi - aluhlaza.
• Ukunisela. I-Mangold iyisiko esinomswakama, ukukhula kwayo kuhamba emhlabathini owomile. Uhlelo oluhle lokunisela - njalo olunye usuku.
• Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ukondla i-chard kuyadingeka emva kokunqunywa kwamaqabunga noma ama-petioles. Isixazululo se-urea (10g / 10l) noma i-humus siyakufaneleka kakhulu.
• Ezinye izinyathelo zokunakekelwa. Isithombo sebhitrudi seshidi sidinga ukukhululwa futhi sokhula njalo. Umhlabathi okhululekile uzonikeza izimpande nge-oksijeni, futhi ukungabikho kokhula kunganciphisa amathuba okugula noma ukubonakala kwezinambuzane.
• Ukuvuna. Ukuvuna kungaqoqwa zingakapheli amasonto ayisithupha emva kokutshala kuze kube sekwindla. Amaqabunga anqunywa noma avele aphule phansi kanye ne-petioles.

Gcina isitoreji

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokugcina izitshalo. Uma amaqabunga nama-petioles ahlanzekile, agcwele izikhwama zeplastiki bese efakwa esiqandisini. Njengoba kunjalo, zihlala zisetshenziswa izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu. Uma indlela yokuqala engafaneleki ngesizathu esisodwa noma esinye, i-chard ihlanzwa, inqunywe, ihlanganiswe futhi ifriziwe. Amahlamvu amasha ahlanzwa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Kunezifo ezimbili kuphela ezijwayelekile zamaqabunga amaqabunga:

• Umlenze omnyama. Lesi yisifo se-fungal, okuyinto ukubola kwezimpande. Lithinta kakhulu izithombo nezitshalo ezincane.
• Idonsa likaMealy. Esinye isifo esibangelwa i-fungus. Kuboniswe ngesimo sobumhlophe esimhlophe emaqabunga.

Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu zamaqabunga amaqabunga ziyi-aphid ne-beet flea.

Ukuvimbela izinkinga ezihlukahlukene

Ukugcinwa kwezimo zokunakekelwa kwemifino kuyisiqinisekiso sokuvunwa okuhle.. Kwanele ukufaka umanyolo ngesikhathi futhi ungavumeli amanzilogging.

Isiphetho

Mangold - isiko esingathobeki futhi kulula ukuhlanza. Embhedeni wensimu noma engadini, ngeke nje ujabule iso, kodwa futhi uzoletha izinzuzo nezinjabulo eziningi.