IDeytsia isihlahla esihle somhlobiso wokuqhakaza ovela emndenini waseHortensian. Emvelweni, itholakala eMexico, kanye naseJapan naseChina. Izitshalo ezinomqhele omile mpo noma ngaphezulu osakaza kahle uhlaza indawo. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, zimbozwe ngezimbali isikhathi eside, okwenziwa ngazo isenzo kwathiwa "Ubuhle BaseMpumalanga." I-Deytsiya ilungele ukutshala okukodwa engadini, yakha uthango noma yaklame indawo yokuzilibazisa eduzane kwama-arbor kanye namabhentshi. Akunzima ukunakekela isitshalo. Ngomzamo omncane, ijabulisa ngemifino eluhlaza nezimbali ezintekenteke, ngakho-ke kuwukutholwa okwamukelekayo kwabalimi abaningi.
Incazelo yezitshalo
I-Deytsiya is a shrubuous deciduous deciduous ukuphakama okungamamitha ayi-0,5.Isikhathi sayo sokuphila singaba yiminyaka engama-25 futhi minyaka yonke amahlumela afinyelela ku-25 cm ubude.Izinqubo ezilandela kamuva zakhiwa kusuka emhlabathini uqobo. Isitshalo sithanda ukuhlala enhlabathini enomswakama phakathi kwama-glaze amahlathi noma emithambekeni yamagquma aphansi.
I-Rhizome yesenzo exutshwe. Kuhlanganisa izinqubo ezi-1-2 ezinde zentambo ezizungezwe izimpande ze-fibrous engxenyeni ephezulu. Iziqu ezigatsha zimbozwe ngamagxolo abushelelezi amnyama. Emagatsheni amadala, amagxolo amancanyana acwecwa amapuleti, njengezimbambo, alengiswa emagatsheni. Lokhu akuyona uphawu lwasiphi isifo. Ngaphakathi kwamagatsha akunalutho, ngakho-ke awunawo amandla futhi ahlukane kalula nomthwalo.
Amahlumela embozwe amaqabunga petiole okusaqanda noma amaqabunga ovoid. Ipuleti lamaqabunga abushelelezi, eliqinile lombala oluhlaza okhanyayo linephethini lokusiza eliqondile lemithambo kanye nemiphetho eyenziwe ngamaphayishi. Ekwindla, amaqabunga aba nsundu.
Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, izimbali eziqhakazayo, eziqhakazayo ziqhakaza amahlumela ngonyaka odlule. Ziqukethe izimbali ezincane ezintathu ezinobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-1-2. I-corolla ngayinye ine-perianth ephindwe kabili kanye nama-5 oblong, akhonjisiwe. Umongo uqukethe ama-stamens nama-ovari amade. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinezimbali ezilula nezimbili. Amacembe awo apendwe ngombala omhlophe, opinki, onsomi noma onsomi. Ezinye izimbali zinombala ophindwe kabili onomqondo ohlukile.
Izimbali zihlala izinyanga ezimbili, zihambisana nephunga elimnandi cishe elingenakuphikwa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, esikhundleni sezimbali ezithuthelwe impova, amabhokisi embewu eyindilinga avuthwe. Ukuvula, ngokuzimela aqhekeze futhi adedele imbewu encane kunazo zonke. Ezinye izinhlobo zokuhlobisa ziyinyumba futhi kungenzeka zingaboshwa.
Ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo
Ngokwesihlukaniso samanye amazwe, uhlobo lwesenzo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-72. Ezinye zezinhlobo zithandwa kakhulu.
Isenzo siqinile. Isihlahla esihlumayo esifinyelela ku-2,5 m ukuphakama sikhula amagatsha amancanyana agibela emhlabathini. Amagxolo amadala ayaphuma kuwo. Amahlumela ambozwe ngamaqabunga e-oval e-petiole anepipi elincane elincanyana. Ubukhulu bamahlamvu buyi-3-8 cm, izinwele ezingafushane ezimfishane zitholakala ebusweni bawo. Lesi sitshalo siqhakaza maphakathi no-June sinezimbali ezincane ezimhlophe eziqoqwe emabhulashini aqala kuze kube ngu-12 cm. Izinhlobonhlobo:
- I-Terry - iqhakaza izimbali ezinhle eziphindwe kabili zombala ophindwe kabili, amabhulokhi angaphandle ane-pink hue, futhi ngaphakathi kukhona amacembe amhlophe qhwa;
- IVaterara - izimbali ezingama-terry ngaphandle zipendwe ngombala we-carmine, futhi ngaphakathi ziyehluka ngemibala emhlophe;
- Amachashaza amhlophe - amaqabunga aluhlaza amnyama ambozwe amabala amhlophe amhlophe.
Isenzo sinomusa. Izitshalo zihlala emithambekeni yezintaba zaseJapan. Isihlahla esidubuleke esingama-50-150 cm sinomqhele oyindilinga onamagatsha acekethekile, aqine. Amacembe ama-oblong akhonjisiwe apendwe ngombala oluhlaza okhanyayo. Ubude bawo buyi-6 cm. Ekupheleni kukaJulayi, isihlahla simbozwe kahle ngezimbali ezilula, siqoqwe emabhulashini amaningi ubude be-9-16 cm. Izimbali ziyaqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga.
Isenzo se-hybrid. Leli qembu lezitshalo lihlanganisa inzalo ye-intraspecific. Okuthakazelisa kakhulu kubo:
- Strawberry Glade (Strawberry Fields). Isihlahla esidubulekile esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,5 simbozwe ngamaqabunga aluhlaza obonisiwe. NgoJuni-Julayi, izimbali ezinkulu ezipinki ziyaqhakaza.
- Isenzo sihle kakhulu. Isitshalo esithambile esifinyelela ku-2,5 m ukuphakama sinezimpande ezigobekile ezigqinsiwe zimbozwe ngokhuni olubomvu noma olunsundu. Kunamaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakazile aluhlaza, kuqhakaza izimbali ezinkulu ezimhlophe eziphindwe kabili ngoJulayi. Aqoqwe ku-panicle inflorescence aze afike ku-10 cm ubude.
- Isenzo sipinki. Isihlahla mude, esimfushane esiqhakaza esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-2,5 simbozwe embozwe ngamahlamvu amnyama obanzi oluhlaza, ajika aphuzi ngokubomvu ekwindla. NgoJuni-Julayi, izimbali ezi-pink terry ziyaqhakaza.
- I-Pink Pom Pom. Isihlahla esincane kodwa esisabalele esinamagatsha agobeke phansi ihlobo lonke simbozwa kakhulu ngezimbali ezinkulu ezibomvana nezimhlophe. Babukeka njengezinsimbi ezibanzi. Ngaphansi kwezimbali kukhona amahlamvu amnyama aluhlaza okotshani wesimo esisebusweni noma esisebusweni.
Izindlela zokuzala
I-Deytsiya isatshalaliswa yimbewu nangokwe-vegetatively. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngaphambi kobusika ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile. Entwasahlobo, kuvela amahlumela wokuqala. Ukuzinakekela kuyafana nangesitshalo esidala. Ebusika, kuyadingeka ukumboza ngokucophelela izithombo ngezithombo ezingezokwelukiweyo kanye namagatsha e-spruce, ngoba azwela kakhulu kwiqhwa. Isenzo siqhakaza eminyakeni emi-3 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela. Indlela ayidumile kangako, ngoba izinhlobo eziningi zokuhlobisa azivezi imbewu esebenzayo.
Imvamisa, isenzo sandiswa ngokusikwa. Ama-cutways aluhlaza angama-20-25 cm ubude asikwa ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokusika, amaqabunga aphansi asuswa bese amahlumela agcinwa kusisombululo seKornevin. Ukutshala kwenziwa ezitsheni ngesihlabathi kanye nenhlabathi ye-peat exutshwe ne-humus. Umunyiswa futhi ujule ngamahlumela nge-engeli ka-5-10 mm. I-Landings imbozwe nge-cap esobala futhi ibekwe ngaphandle. Njengoba ukubamba kwezimpawu kwenzeka, izindawo zokukhosela ziyasuswa, kepha izitshalo zasebusika zilethwa ku greenhouse ukuvikela kusuka kusihlwa. Entwasahlobo elandelayo bahlela ukufakelwa enhlabathini evulekile.
Lapho kusakazwa ukusikwa okunemikhono, amagatsha angaba ngu-15 kuya ku-20 cm asikwa ekwindla sekwedlule isikhathi. Ahlanganiswe ngamasigaqana amancane, afafazwe ngesihlabathi agcinwe kohlaza obandayo kuze kube sentwasahlobo. NgoMashi-Ephreli, ukusika kutshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile nge-engela futhi kumbozwe ngefilimu. Lapho izimpande zivela futhi ukuqhakaza kuqala ukuqhakaza, indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa.
Ungasebenzisa indlela yokubeka. Kuthunyelwa amahlumela aphansi emhlabathini, afafazwa ngenhlabathi. Ukuze izimpande zakheke ngokushesha, ungafaka imihuzuko eminingana ku-bark. Intwasahlobo elandelayo, ukusika okugxilile kusikiwe kusuka esitshalweni somama bese kudluliselwa endaweni engapheli.
Ukuhamba nokunakekela
Emhlabathini ovulekile, isenzo sitshalwa kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya kuJuni. Okwakhe, izindawo ezikhanyiswe kahle zikhethwa ngaphandle komoya onamandla womoya. Amabhasi asaba okusalungiswa. Kuhle uma isithunzi siwela ehlathini ntambama. Inhlabathi kumele ibe nokondleka futhi ikhishwe kahle, kepha ingome kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokutshala, umhlaba wembiwa futhi wethulwa i-peat, umquba kanye ne-humus. Inhlabathi enobumba esindayo inezela isihlabathi. I-Acidity kumele ingathathi hlangothi noma i-acidic encane; i-lime eyenziwe nge-hydrate ifakwa enhlabathini ene-acidic.
Umgodi wokutshala wembiwa ngokulingana ne-rhizome yesithombo. Ukuqagela kwalo cishe kungamasentimitha angama-50. Amatshe nesihlabathi esiqhekekile kuthululelwa ezansi. Spread izimpande bese ugcwalisa isikhala esingenalutho ngengxube yenhlabathi. Intamo yezimpande kufanele ihlale ngaphezulu. Ekutshaleni kweqembu, ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo kufanele libe ngu-2,5 m. Okufanayo kufanele kuhlale kuze kube yisiphi isakhiwo. Ngemuva kokutshala, umhlaba uyanyathelwa futhi uyaniselwa. Kungcono ukufaka izithombo zezihlahla ngokushesha nge peat.
Ukunisela. Izitshalo ezincane zidinga ukuthambisa njalo. Njengoba bekhula, ukubekezelela isomiso kuyanda. Uma kungekho mvula, kubhakwa ibhakede lamanzi masonto onke ngaphansi kwesihlahla. Ngemuva kokunisela, kunconywa ukukhulula inhlabathi. Kusukela ekwindla, ukunisela kuyancishiswa, ukulungiselela izitshalo zobusika.
Umanyolo. Entwasahlobo ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye yenza ikhambi lomquba, umlotha kanye nomquba obolile. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, umanyolo ufakwa kumbandini wamaminerali kabili. Umanyolo awudingeki kamuva.
Izihlahla. Ukunikeza isihlahla ukwakheka, izihlahla kwenziwa. Isitshalo siyayibekezelela kahle le nqubo. Entwasahlobo, amagatsha aqandisiwe futhi awomile ayasuswa. Susa u-25% wezimila. Lapho ukuqhakaza sekuphelile, ungasusa ezinye amahlumela amasha namagatsha amadala ukuze anciphise. Ekwindla, ukubumba kwenziwa ngaphandle kwezindleko zamahlumela amancane. Uma ususa amagatsha wangonyaka odlule, ungalahlekelwa ukuqhakaza ngonyaka olandelayo.
Ukuvuselelwa. Amabhishi aminyene amadala njalo ngeminyaka engama-5-8 angavuselelwa ngokuphelele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, usike zonke izingxenye zomhlaba ekwindla, ushiye amahlumela amancane kuphela. NgoMeyi, kuzovela amahlumela amancane, ukuthuthukiswa kwawo nakho okudinga ukulawulwa. Izimbali ngemuva kokuvuselelwa kabusha zenzeka eminyakeni engama-2-3.
Ubusika. UDeytsiya uncamela ubusika obufudumele futhi uyakwazi ukubekezelela kuphela amaqhwa amancane. Uma amazinga okushisa ehla afike ku-20 ° C, lonke ihlumela lingabamba. Amahlathi aphansi azama ukugoba kanzima emhlabathini, amboze ngezinto ezingalukiwe, amagatsha esihlahla sonwele saseYurophu emi kanye namahlamvu owomile. Ngemuva kokuba zenziwe zafakelwa endaweni ephakeme ngamasentimitha ayi-15- 20. Lapho iqhwa liwela, liphonswa esihlahleni. Isembozo esinjalo sisebenza njengesivikelo esihle ekulweni nesithwathwa. Amagatsha aqine ngokuqina kulula ukuwaphula, ngakho-ke aboshwe ngokuqinile futhi ahlanganiswe phezulu. Ukusuka phezulu, isitshalo simbozwe nge-lutrasil. Ngo-Ephreli, lapho iqhwa liwa, indawo yokukhosela ingasuswa bese iqhwa lisakazeka kakhulu esiqwini ukuze izihlahla zingaboli ngesikhathi sezikhukhula.
Izifo nezinambuzane. I-Deytsia iyamelana nezifo zezitshalo. Kuma-parasites, ama-bumblebees kanye nokuhlaselwa kweziqubu eziluhlaza okukhanyayo. Zidla ngamahlamvu amnandi wesitshalo. Ama-Insecticides (Karbofos, Decis, Lepidotsid-BTU) asiza ukubhekana namagciwane.
Isenzo engadini
Amathanga amahle wokucekela phansi, embozwe kakhulu ngezimbali ezimhlophe-zipinki, asetshenziswa emitshinini eyodwa noma ngamaqembu - ngendlela yothango. Izinhlobo ze-dwarf zilungele ama-mixbord kanye nama-slide e-alpine. Kuhlwanyelwa izihlahla ezinde, ezihlakazayo eduze kwe-gazebos noma eduze kwendlu njengesihlahla sodwa esihle. UDeytsiya uhambe kahle nezihlahlana ezihlala ziluhlaza kanye namaConifers (i-Rhododendron, terry kerriya).
